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Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista... 2023The objective of this study was to evaluate reproductive traits in adults of Astyanax lacustris subjected to different spawning inducers. The study involved 240 females...
The objective of this study was to evaluate reproductive traits in adults of Astyanax lacustris subjected to different spawning inducers. The study involved 240 females (12.54 g ± 2.33 and 7.66 cm ± 0.63 cm) and 240 males (5.83 g ± 0.39 g and 6.14 cm ± 0.64 cm), all at reproductive age. Three different inducers were evaluated: (i) 0.4 pellets of Ovopel®/kg of body weight; (ii) 0.5 ml of buserelin acetate/kg of body weight; and (iii) carp pituitary extract (CPE) (5.5 mg CPE/kg body weight for females and 2.5 mg CPE/kg body weight for males), as well as saline solution (without hormone). The degree-hours for spawning were greater (P<0.05) for the Ovopel® treatment (with 204.93) than in the treatment with CPE (183.2). Ovary weight and gonadosomatic index were higher (P<0.05) in CPE and Ovopel® treatments when compared to buserelin acetate. The number of oocytes per female, absolute and relative fecundity were greater (P<0.05) for Ovopel® and CPE treatments. Fertilization rate was higher (P<0.05) in treatment with buserelin acetate (82.3%) in relation to Ovopel® (72.33%) and CPE (62.40%) treatments, and the highest (P<0.05) hatching rates were achieved with buserelin acetate and Ovopel®. The number of larvae per female body weight was greater (P<0.05) when Ovopel® was used. In conclusion, Ovopel® proves to be a more effective reproductive inducer for induced reproduction of A. lacustris when compared to CPE and buserelin acetate.
Topics: Male; Animals; Female; Buserelin; Carps; Reproduction; Characidae; Body Weight
PubMed: 38126637
DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275678 -
Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin Nov 2023In this study, we prepared inhalable buserelin microparticles using the spray freeze-drying (SFD) method for pulmonary drug delivery. Raffinose as a cryoprotectant...
PURPOSE
In this study, we prepared inhalable buserelin microparticles using the spray freeze-drying (SFD) method for pulmonary drug delivery. Raffinose as a cryoprotectant carrier was combined with two levels of five different cyclodextrins (CDs) and then processed by SFD.
METHODS
Dry powder diameters were evaluated by laser light scattering and morphology was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were utilized for the determination of crystalline structures. The aerodynamic properties of the spray freeze-dried powders were evaluated by twin stage impinger (TSI) and the stability of prepared samples was assessed under normal and accelerated conditions.
RESULTS
The prepared powders were mostly porous spheres and the size of microparticles ranged from 9.08 to 13.53 μm, which are suitable as spray-freeze dried particles. All formulations showed amorphous structure confirmed by DSC and XRD. The aerosolization performance of the formulation containing buserelin, raffinose and 5% beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), was the highest and its fine particle fraction (FPF) was 69.38%. The more circular and separated structures were observed in higher concentrations of CDs, which were compatible with FPFs. The highest stability was obtained in the formulation containing hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-16. CD) 5%. On the contrary, sulfobutylether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) 5% bearing particles showed the least stability.
CONCLUSION
By adjusting the type and ratio of CDs in the presence of raffinose, the prepared formulations could effectively enhance the aerosolization and stability of buserelin. Therefore, they can be proposed as a suitable career for lung drug delivery.
PubMed: 38022810
DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.086 -
International Journal of Reproductive... Sep 2023There is no agreement on which of the 2 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist protocols are the most efficient, neither there is any consensus on which one...
BACKGROUND
There is no agreement on which of the 2 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist protocols are the most efficient, neither there is any consensus on which one yields a better clinical pregnancy percentage.
OBJECTIVE
The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of reduced dosages of long- and short-acting GnRH agonists on pregnancy outcomes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 400 women were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 200/group): the reduced dosage of long-acting GnRH agonist group (group 1, 1.25 mg Decapeptyl) and the short-acting GnRH agonist group (group 2, 0.5 mg/day Buserelin Acetate). The study was conducted at Mehr Medical Institute, Rasht, Iran between July 2019 and July 2020. Biochemical and clinical pregnancy were compared between groups.
RESULTS
No significant differences were observed in the endometrial lining, the total number of retrieved and metaphase-II oocytes, progesterone, and serum estradiol levels on human chorionic gonadotropin day, fertilization rate, and top-quality embryos between the groups. The duration of induction (10.8 1.7 vs. 10 2.1, p 0.001) and the total dosage of gonadotropins (2939.4 945.9 vs. 2441 1247.1, p 0.001) were significantly greater in group 2 than in group 1. No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of implantation rate, chemical pregnancy rate, and clinical pregnancy rate. A higher percentage of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome was observed in group 2 (p = 0.005).
CONCLUSION
Due to a lower percentage of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in group 1 and similar assisted reproductive technology outcomes in both groups, the long protocol was found to be superior to the short protocol.
PubMed: 37969567
DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v21i9.14402 -
BMC Veterinary Research Jul 2023According to reports, the majority of domesticated species exhibited uterine torsion. It was occasionally noted as a cause of dystocia in buffaloes. The uterus might...
Comparative study between efficacy of dexamethasone-prostaglandin-receptal combination and mechanical correction in uterine torsion cases in Egyptian buffalo-cows (Bubalus bubalis).
BACKGROUND
According to reports, the majority of domesticated species exhibited uterine torsion. It was occasionally noted as a cause of dystocia in buffaloes. The uterus might twist more frequently late in pregnancy because of certain animal traits. The current research monitored the clinical findings and laboratory assays associated with uterine torsion cases in pregnant buffalo-cows through comparing between normal labored buffalo-cows (Norm-Lab; n = 20), mechanically corrected uterine torsed animals without medicament interference (UtrTors; n = 160), and mechanically corrected uterine torsed animals with medicament interference (UtrTors-Med; n = 40) through focusing on placental characterization, calves body weight, milk constituents and milk somatic cell count (SCC) in normal labored buffaloes and uterine torsed ones. Through clinical and laboratory investigations of these buffaloes (N = 220) had been conducted 3 times; 7 h pre-calving and post calving (Post uterine correction) i.e. 48 and 96 h. Uterine torsion prevalence parameters, placental characterization, calves body weight, milk constituents and milk somatic cell counts were evaluated in normal labored buffaloes and uterine torsed ones.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
The study concluded pre-calving remarkable variations in clinical findings, leukogram picture, calf birth weight and some placental characterization parameters between Norm-Lab and each of UtrTors and UtrTors-Med whereas these variations disappeared post-partum as a result to either only mechanical correction or mechanical correction plus medicaments interference. No pre-or post-calving significant changes between UtrTors and UtrTors-Med except for the abnormal clinical findings were more representative in UtrTors-Med than those in UtrTors particularly pre-calving. The applied pre-calving therapeutic regimen including dexamethasone-prostaglandin-receptal combination had a powerful potential efficacy that induced vaginal delivery of calves in UtrTors-Med as well as prepartum mechanical correction of torsed uterus approved higher efficacy in UtrTors. The applied prepartum mechanical correction of torsed uterus and/or pre-calving therapeutic regimen as well as subsequent post-calving, post uterine correction applied medicament treatment accelerated rapid recovery of affected buffalo-cows through achieving rapid restoring of their physiological parameters. Buffalo-cow's milk composition, milk pH and milk SCC were not affected whereas no significant variations were reported between Norm-Lab, UtrTors and UtrTors-Med.
Topics: Pregnancy; Cattle; Animals; Female; Buffaloes; Buserelin; Placenta; Egypt; Uterus; Milk; Bison; Dexamethasone; Body Weight; Lactation
PubMed: 37488512
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03651-y -
Journal of Dairy Science Feb 2024The present study compared 2 strategies to initiate a progesterone (P4)-based timed-artificial insemination (TAI) protocol for lactating dairy cows: only GnRH or...
The present study compared 2 strategies to initiate a progesterone (P4)-based timed-artificial insemination (TAI) protocol for lactating dairy cows: only GnRH or estradiol benzoate (EB) plus GnRH. Lactating Holstein cows (n = 487; 184 primiparous and 303 multiparous) from 2 commercial dairy herds were used for their second or greater services postpartum. Weekly nonpregnant cows at pregnancy diagnosis 32 d after a previous AI were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 experimental groups that differed only in the strategy to initiate (d 0) the TAI protocol. On d 0, every cow received a 2.0 g P4 implant, and in Group EB+GnRH, cows were treated with 2.0 mg i.m. of EB and 16.8 µg i.m. of buserelin acetate (GnRH), while in Group GnRH, cows received only 16.8 µg i.m of GnRH. Seven d later (d 7), 0.530 mg i.m. of cloprostenol sodium (PGF) was administered in all cows, followed by a second dose on d 8, concomitant with 1.0 mg i.m. of estradiol cypionate (EC) and P4 implant withdrawal. The TAI was performed on d 10 (48 h after P4 device withdrawal) in both experimental groups. Only conventional Holstein semen was used throughout the study. The percentage of cows with corpus luteum (CL) on d 0 (73%) and overall ovulation rate after d 0 (54%) did not differ between groups. The CL regression between d 0 and the first PGF treatment was greater in EB+GnRH than GnRH group (42 vs. 31%). Consequently, the proportion of cows with CL at PGF was greater when only GnRH was used on d 0 compared with EB plus GnRH (86 vs. 82%), and the mean number of CL at PGF was greater (1.23 vs. 1.11). The expression of estrus near TAI was greater in GnRH group (84 vs. 77%), and cows showing estrus had greater (44 vs. 10%) pregnancy per AI (P/AI) on d 32 for both treatments. There was no effect of the presence of CL on d 0 or at PGF, nor of ovulation after d 0 or CL regression between d 0 and d 7 on fertility. However, fertility was critically impaired when cows did not have CL at both times, d 0 and at PGF treatment. There was no interaction between treatment and other variables, and the P/AI was similar in cows receiving EB plus GnRH or only GnRH on d 0 (37.8 vs. 36.6%). In summary, although there was no detectable difference in P/AI between treatments, this study demonstrated potential negative physiological outcomes caused by EB treatment on d 0 (greater incidence of luteolysis after d 0 and fewer cows with CL at PGF treatment). In conclusion, there was no benefit of adding EB at the initiation of a P4-based TAI protocol on fertility compared with using GnRH alone, despite differences in ovarian dynamics and expression of estrus.
PubMed: 38331175
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23923