-
Food Chemistry: X Jun 2024This study investigated the effect of polyols erythritol, d-mannitol, and maltitol on the volatility of aroma compounds γ-butyrolactone, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and...
UNLABELLED
This study investigated the effect of polyols erythritol, d-mannitol, and maltitol on the volatility of aroma compounds γ-butyrolactone, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 2-phenylethanol in aqueous solution. Headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography and diffusion-ordered nuclear magnetic resonance techniques were used to obtain information on aroma-food matrix interaction. Results demonstrated that adding polyols at final low concentrations of 5% or 10% (/w) to an aqueous solution of 2-phenylethanol reduced the release of vapor-phase aromas, except in the case of 3-methyl-1-butanol, which was not affected by the presence of polyols in the liquid matrix. Polyols also reduced the diffusion coefficients of all three aroma compounds, probably due to friction between the molecules. At low polyol concentrations, aroma compound volatility and diffusion coefficient values were altered compared to those of aromas released from pure water. This observation is related to the physicochemical properties of the aroma compounds. These insights may help guide the use of the combination of aroma compounds and polyols in the formulation of sugar-free and reduced-sugar beverages.
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
γ-butyrolactone (PubChem CID: 7302), 3-methyl-1-butanol (PubChem CID: 31260), 2-phenylethanol (PubChem CID: 6054), erythritol (PubChem CID: 222285), d-mannitol (PubChem CID: 6251), maltitol (PubChem CID: 493591).
PubMed: 38756467
DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101440 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024(1) Background: Due to the wide application in medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry of flavonoid molecules, which are one of the most famous types of secondary plant...
(1) Background: Due to the wide application in medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry of flavonoid molecules, which are one of the most famous types of secondary plant metabolites, our work has come within the framework of bio-consulting to help in the identification of the molecule(s) responsible for the antibacterial effect which will be the active principle of a natural antibiotic developed from Algerian fir using bioinformatics tools. (2) Methods: The docking method was used to test the antiviral activity on SARS-CoV-2 virus and the antibacterial activity on Gram-positive and Gram-negative of 12 polyphenolic molecules present in the ethyl acetate and -butanol extracts of Numidian fir leaves, and identify the molecules responsible for these specific biological activities. (3) Results: The findings revealed that it is possible that two molecules, hyperoside and quercitrin, have a high capacity to inhibit SARS-CoV-2, and it is important to mention that they are the most quantitatively abundant molecules in the extract. The molecule luteolin-7-glucoside is probably responsible for the antibacterial activity in the extract against Gram-negative bacteria such as , and the molecule hesperidin is responsible for the antibacterial activity in the extract against Gram-positive bacteria such as .
PubMed: 38732461
DOI: 10.3390/plants13091246 -
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024We recently found that polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-protected metal nanoparticles dispersed in water/butanol mixture spontaneously float to the air/water interface and...
We recently found that polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-protected metal nanoparticles dispersed in water/butanol mixture spontaneously float to the air/water interface and form two-dimensional assemblies due to classical surface excess theory and Rayleigh-Bénard-Marangoni convection induced by butanol evaporation. In this study, we found that by leveraging this principle, a unique structure is formed where hetero gold nanospheres (AuNPs)/gold nanostars (AuNSs) complexes are dispersed within AuNP two-dimensional assemblies, obtained from a mixture of polyvinylpyrrolidone-protected AuNPs and AuNSs that interact electrostatically with the AuNPs. These structures were believed to form as a result of AuNPs/AuNSs complexes formed in the water/butanol mixture floating to the air/water interface and being incorporated into the growth of AuNP two-dimensional assemblies. These structures were obtained by optimizing the amount of mixed AuNSs, with excessive addition resulting in the formation of random three-dimensional network structures. The AuNP assemblies dispersed with AuNPs/AuNSs complexes exhibited significantly higher Raman (surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering: SERRS) activity compared to simple AuNP assemblies, while the three-dimensional network structure did not show significant SERRS activity enhancement. These results demonstrate the excellent SERRS activity of AuNP two-dimensional assemblies dispersed with hetero AuNPs/AuNSs complexes.
PubMed: 38727358
DOI: 10.3390/nano14090764 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Apr 2024Reaction of Co(NCS) with 2-methyl-pyridine -oxide in a 1:3 ratio in -butanol leads to the formation of crystals of tris-(2-methyl-pyridine...
Reaction of Co(NCS) with 2-methyl-pyridine -oxide in a 1:3 ratio in -butanol leads to the formation of crystals of tris-(2-methyl-pyridine -oxide-κ)bis-(thio-cyanato-κ)cobalt(II), [Co(NCS)(CHNO)]. The asymmetric unit of the title compound consists of one Co cation two thio-cyanate anions and three crystallographically independent 2-methyl-pyridine -oxide coligands in general positions. The Co cations are trigonal-bipyramidally coordinated by two terminal N-bonding thio-cyanate anions in the -positions and three 2-methyl-pyridine -oxide coligands into discrete complexes. These complexes are linked by inter-molecular C-H⋯S inter-actions into double chains that elongate in the -axis direction. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) measurements prove that all batches are always contaminated with an additional and unknown crystalline phase. Thermogravimetry and differential analysis of crystals selected by hand reveal that the title compound decomposes at about 229°C in an exothermic reaction. At about 113°C a small endothermic signal is observed that, according to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, is irreversible. PXRD measurements of the residue prove that a poorly crystalline and unknown phase has formed and thermomicroscopy indicates that some phase transition occurs that is accompanied with a color change of the title compound.
PubMed: 38721419
DOI: 10.1107/S2056989024003050 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2024Anaerobic fermentation technology enables the production of medium chain carboxylates and alcohols through microbial chain elongation. This involves steering reactor...
Anaerobic fermentation technology enables the production of medium chain carboxylates and alcohols through microbial chain elongation. This involves steering reactor microbiomes to yield desired products, with CO supply playing a crucial role in controlling ethanol-based chain elongation and facilitating various bioprocesses simultaneously. In the absence of CO supply (Phase I), chain elongation predominantly led to n-caproate with a high selectivity of 96 Cmol%, albeit leaving approximately 80% of ethanol unconverted. During this phase, and -related species dominated the reactors. In Phase II, with low CO input (2.0 NmL L min), formation of n-butyrate, butanol, and hexanol was stimulated. Increasing CO doses in Phase III (6 NmL L min) led to CO utilization via homoacetogenesis, coinciding with the enrichment of , a bacterium that can use CO as an electron acceptor. Lowering CO dose to 0.5 NmL L min led to a shift in microbiome composition, diminishing the dominance of while increasing abundance. Additionally, other , , and -related species became prevalent. This decrease in CO load from 6 to 0.5 NmL L min minimized excessive ethanol oxidation from 30%-50% to 0%-3%, restoring a microbiome favoring net n-butyrate consumption and n-caproate production. The decreased ethanol oxidation coincided with the resurgence of hydrogen formation at partial pressures above 1%. High concentrations of butyrate, caproate, and ethanol in the reactor, along with low acetate concentration, promoted the formation of butanol and hexanol. It is evident that CO supply is indispensable for controlling chain elongation in an open culture and it can be harnessed to stimulate higher alcohol formation or induce CO utilization as an electron acceptor.
PubMed: 38720876
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1329288 -
Biotechnology For Biofuels and... May 2024The use of ionic liquids (ILs) to fractionate lignocelluloses for various bio-based chemicals productions is in the ascendant. On this basis, the protic ILs consisting...
BACKGROUND
The use of ionic liquids (ILs) to fractionate lignocelluloses for various bio-based chemicals productions is in the ascendant. On this basis, the protic ILs consisting of triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([TEA][HSO]) possessed great promise due to the low price, low pollution, and high efficiency. In this study, the microwave-assistant [TEA][HSO] fractionation process was established for corn stover fractionation, so as to facilitate the monomeric sugars production and supported the downstream acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
RESULTS
The assistance of microwave irradiation could obviously shorten the fractionation period of corn stover. Under the optimized condition (190 W for 3 min), high xylan removal (93.17 ± 0.63%) and delignification rate (72.90 ± 0.81%) were realized. The mechanisms for the promotion effect of the microwave to the protic ILs fractionation process were ascribed to the synergistic effect of the IL and microwaves to the depolymerization of lignocellulose through the ionic conduction, which can be clarified by the characterization of the pulps and the isolated lignin specimens. Downstream valorization of the fractionated pulps into ABE productions was also investigated. The [TEA][HSO] free corn stover hydrolysate was capable of producing 12.58 g L of ABE from overall 38.20 g L of monomeric sugars without detoxification and additional nutrients supplementation.
CONCLUSIONS
The assistance of microwave irradiation could significantly promote the corn stover fractionation by [TEA][HSO]. Mass balance indicated that 8.1 g of ABE and 16.61 g of technical lignin can be generated from 100 g of raw corn stover based on the novel fractionation strategy.
PubMed: 38715100
DOI: 10.1186/s13068-024-02499-0 -
Heliyon May 2024Enormous consumption of fossil fuel resources has risked energy accessibility in the upcoming years. The price fluctuation and depletion rate of fossil fuels instigate...
Enormous consumption of fossil fuel resources has risked energy accessibility in the upcoming years. The price fluctuation and depletion rate of fossil fuels instigate the urgent need for searching their reliable substitute. The current study tries to address these issues by presenting butanol as a replacement for gasoline in SI engines at various speeds and loading conditions. The emission and performance parameters were ascertained for eight distinct butanol-gasoline fuel blends. The oxygenated butanol substantially increases engine efficiency and boosts power with lower fuel consumption. The carbon emissions were also observed to be lower in comparison with gasoline. Furthermore, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) approach was used in predicting engine performance running on the butanol blends. The correlation coefficients for the data training, validation, and testing were found to be 0.99986, 0.99942, and 0.99872, respectively. It was confirmed that the ANN predicted results were in accordance with the established statistical criteria. ANN was paired with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique to comprehend the influence of the sole design parameters along with their statistical interactions controlling the responses. Similarly, the R value of responses in case of RSM were close to unity and mean relative errors (MRE) were confined under specified range. A comparative study between ANN and RSM models unveiled that the ANN model should be preferred. Therefore, a joint utilization of the RSM and ANN can be more effective for reliable statistical interactions and predictions.
PubMed: 38707394
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29698 -
Scientific Data May 2024The genus Clostridium is a large and diverse group within the Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes), whose members can encode useful complex traits such as solvent production,...
The genus Clostridium is a large and diverse group within the Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes), whose members can encode useful complex traits such as solvent production, gas-fermentation, and lignocellulose breakdown. We describe 270 genome sequences of solventogenic clostridia from a comprehensive industrial strain collection assembled by Professor David Jones that includes 194 C. beijerinckii, 57 C. saccharobutylicum, 4 C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum, 5 C. butyricum, 7 C. acetobutylicum, and 3 C. tetanomorphum genomes. We report methods, analyses and characterization for phylogeny, key attributes, core biosynthetic genes, secondary metabolites, plasmids, prophage/CRISPR diversity, cellulosomes and quorum sensing for the 6 species. The expanded genomic data described here will facilitate engineering of solvent-producing clostridia as well as non-model microorganisms with innately desirable traits. Sequences could be applied in conventional platform biocatalysts such as yeast or Escherichia coli for enhanced chemical production. Recently, gene sequences from this collection were used to engineer Clostridium autoethanogenum, a gas-fermenting autotrophic acetogen, for continuous acetone or isopropanol production, as well as butanol, butanoic acid, hexanol and hexanoic acid production.
Topics: Clostridium; Phylogeny; Genome, Bacterial; Solvents; Fermentation
PubMed: 38693191
DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03210-6 -
Plant Signaling & Behavior Dec 2024Allelopathy is the main chemical means in the invasion process of exotic plants and one of the key factors in grassland degradation. In this experiment, we investigated...
Allelopathy is the main chemical means in the invasion process of exotic plants and one of the key factors in grassland degradation. In this experiment, we investigated the effects of ethyl acetate phase extract (EAE), n-butanol phase extract (BE) and aqueous phase extract (AE) from the aboveground (stems and leaves) and roots of on seed germination and seedling growth of four forages ( L. L. Griseb. (L.) Gaertn.) in their sympatric domains and one forage ( L.). The chemical components in each phase extract of were determined with UHPLC-MS/MS non-targeted metabolomics, and the differential compounds were screened using Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA). Within a set concentration range, EAE significantly inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of four forages. BE and AE acted mainly in the seedling growth stage and did not significantly inhibit forage seed germination. was most sensitive to extracts; at 2.0 mg/mL of EAE from roots, germination energy and germination rate of seeds were 0. extracts inhibited the growth of seedlings and did not inhibit its seed germination. A total of 904 compounds were identified with UHPLC-MS/MS, among which 31, 64, 81 and 66 metabolites displayed different accumulation patterns in the four comparison groups (R.EAE vs. R.BE, R.EAE vs. R.AE, SL.EAE vs. SL.BE, SL.EAE vs. SL.AE), respectively. In particular, 9 compounds were found to be common up-regulated differential metabolites in the four comparison groups and were enriched in EAE. Additionally, N,N-dimethylaniline, Caffeic acid, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and cis-9-Octadecenoic acid as potential allelochemicals in . The results of this study support efforts at finding alternative control plants for the restoration of poisonous grass-type degraded grasslands.
Topics: Allelopathy; Asteraceae; Pheromones; Introduced Species; Germination; Seedlings; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38678583
DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2335025 -
Viruses Mar 2024Gu-Sui-Bu, the dried rhizome of , is a traditional Chinese herbal remedy with a significant history of treating osteoporosis and inflammatory conditions. However, its...
Gu-Sui-Bu, the dried rhizome of , is a traditional Chinese herbal remedy with a significant history of treating osteoporosis and inflammatory conditions. However, its potential as an anti-influenza agent and its underlying mechanisms of action remain unexplored. To obtain a more potent extract from and gain insights into its mechanism of action against influenza A virus (IAV), we utilized a partitioning process involving organic solvents and water, resulting in the isolation of butanolic subfractions of the extract (DMBE). DMBE exhibited a broad anti-viral spectrum, effectively inhibiting IAV, with an EC of 24.32 ± 6.19 µg/mL and a selectivity index of 6.05. We subsequently conducted a series of in vitro assays to evaluate the antiviral effects of DMBE and to uncover its mechanisms of action. DMBE was found to inhibit IAV during the early stages of infection by hindering the attachment of the virus onto and its penetration into host cells. Importantly, DMBE was observed to hinder IAV-mediated cell-cell fusion. It also inhibited neuraminidase activity, plaque size, and the expression levels of phospho-AKT. In summary, this study provides evidence for the effectiveness of as a complementary and alternative herbal remedy against IAV. Specifically, our data highlight DMBE's capabilities in inhibiting viral entry and the release of virions.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Influenza A virus; Humans; Plant Extracts; Animals; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Dogs; Virus Internalization; Sapindaceae; Virus Replication; Virus Attachment; Influenza, Human; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Neuraminidase; A549 Cells; Cell Line
PubMed: 38675866
DOI: 10.3390/v16040523