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Access Microbiology 2021is a Gram-negative bacteria associated with periodontal disease in humans. Cases of extra-oral manifestations of infection are rare with only six reported cases of...
BACKGROUND
is a Gram-negative bacteria associated with periodontal disease in humans. Cases of extra-oral manifestations of infection are rare with only six reported cases of extra-oral infection including this report that have been identified in the current literature. Molecular methods are generally used to identify while optimal antibiotic choice and duration to treat extra-oral infections for this pathogen is unknown.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 63-year-old male with a background history of alcoholic pancreatitis presented with fever and malaise who was found to have radiological intra-abdominal collections. Drainage of these collections identified via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry with high probability and identification further confirmed by whole-genome sequencing. Antibiotic susceptibility testing to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin of was performed using E-test diffusion methods along with investigation for the presence of resistance genes. The patient was treated with intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam followed by ciprofloxacin for 4 weeks total with good clinical recovery.
CONCLUSIONS
Extra-oral manifestations with the pathogen are rare with few cases described in the literature. There is minimal data on susceptibility patterns, optimal antibiotic treatment and duration. Treatment of extraintestinal infections in humans should encompass both adequate source control and antibiotic therapy.
PubMed: 34151177
DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000227 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Feb 2005Campylobacter curvus is a rarely encountered Campylobacter species in human, animal, and environmental samples. During the course of two investigations, one involving a...
Campylobacter curvus is a rarely encountered Campylobacter species in human, animal, and environmental samples. During the course of two investigations, one involving a search for possible bacterial agents causing bloody gastroenteritis and a second concerning a small outbreak of Brainerd's diarrhea in northern California, 20 strains of C. curvus or C. curvus-like organisms were isolated by a microfiltration technique and prolonged incubation. The results suggest that C. curvus may be an underappreciated Campylobacter that may be involved in sporadic and outbreak cases of bloody or chronic diarrhea in humans.
Topics: California; Campylobacter; Campylobacter Infections; Chronic Disease; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Diarrhea; Disease Outbreaks; Gastroenteritis; Humans; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 15695649
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.2.585-588.2005 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2012Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) systems have been reported previously for multiple food- and food animal-associated Campylobacter species (e.g., C. jejuni, C. coli, C....
Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) systems have been reported previously for multiple food- and food animal-associated Campylobacter species (e.g., C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, and C. fetus) to both differentiate strains and identify clonal lineages. These MLST methods focused primarily on campylobacters of human clinical (e.g., C. jejuni) or veterinary (e.g., C. fetus) relevance. However, other, emerging, Campylobacter species have been isolated increasingly from environmental, food animal, or human clinical samples. We describe herein four MLST methods for five emerging Campylobacter species: C. hyointestinalis, C. lanienae, C. sputorum, C. concisus, and C. curvus. The concisus/curvus method uses the loci aspA, atpA, glnA, gltA, glyA, ilvD, and pgm, whereas the other methods use the seven loci defined for C. jejuni (i.e., aspA, atpA, glnA, gltA, glyA, pgm, and tkt). Multiple food animal and human clinical C. hyointestinalis (n = 48), C. lanienae (n = 34), and C. sputorum (n = 24) isolates were typed, along with 86 human clinical C. concisus and C. curvus isolates. A large number of sequence types were identified using all four MLST methods. Additionally, these methods speciated unequivocally isolates that had been typed ambiguously using other molecular-based speciation methods, such as 16S rDNA sequencing. Finally, the design of degenerate primer pairs for some methods permitted the typing of related species; for example, the C. hyointestinalis primer pairs could be used to type C. fetus strains. Therefore, these novel Campylobacter MLST methods will prove useful in differentiating strains of multiple, emerging Campylobacter species.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Domestic; Bacterial Proteins; Campylobacter; Campylobacter Infections; Cluster Analysis; DNA Primers; DNA, Bacterial; Genotype; Humans; Multilocus Sequence Typing
PubMed: 22919636
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00045 -
Respirology Case Reports Jul 2017We report the first case of thoracic empyema associated with Campylobacter curvus infection. A 65-year-old woman with a history of bronchiectasis presented with acute...
We report the first case of thoracic empyema associated with Campylobacter curvus infection. A 65-year-old woman with a history of bronchiectasis presented with acute cough and phlegm. The patient reported dyspnoea and left chest pain accompanied by left pleural effusion, despite treatment with sitafloxacin. Curved Gram-negative rods, eventually identified as C. curvus using 16S ribosomal RNA- and atpA-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing, were cultured in anaerobic condition of pleural effusion together with Peptostreptococci. The patient recovered after thoracic drainage and treatment with ampicillin/sulbactam and clindamycin. C. curvus, an anaerobe present in human oral cavity, can be associated with extra-oral infections such as empyema.
PubMed: 28413685
DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.234 -
BMJ Case Reports Oct 2014A woman presented with prelabour premature preterm rupture of membranes and delivered extremely preterm at 26 weeks by caesarean section. Histopathology of the placenta...
A woman presented with prelabour premature preterm rupture of membranes and delivered extremely preterm at 26 weeks by caesarean section. Histopathology of the placenta indicated moderately severe histological chorioamnionitis with dense infiltration of the chorionic plate by neutrophils. Two sets of low and high vaginal swabs were taken from the mother. A set sent for microbiological analysis at the hospital yielded negative results. The second set was analysed employing culture-independent high-throughput sequencing methods and revealed significant infections with Campylobacter curvus and Haemophilus parainfluenzae. This is the first report of C. curvus infection in the female genital tract that has been identified in a woman who delivered preterm. The case supports the need to review the standard culture methods employed for microbial analyses in hospitals.
Topics: Adult; Campylobacter; Campylobacter Infections; Chorioamnionitis; Female; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture; Haemophilus Infections; Haemophilus parainfluenzae; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Pregnancy Trimester, Second; Premature Birth; Reproductive Tract Infections
PubMed: 25274558
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-205282 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 2005Oral Campylobacter species are rarely reported to cause extraoral infections. Here we present three cases of extraoral abscess caused by an oral Campylobacter sp. and a...
Oral Campylobacter species are rarely reported to cause extraoral infections. Here we present three cases of extraoral abscess caused by an oral Campylobacter sp. and a Streptococcus sp. The Campylobacter species were all isolated anaerobically and identified by sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. The cases included a breast abscess caused by Campylobacter rectus and a non-group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus in a patient with lymphoma, a liver abscess caused by Campylobacter curvus and an alpha-hemolytic streptococcus in a patient with complicated ovarian cancer, and a postobstructive bronchial abscess caused by C. curvus and group C beta-hemolytic Streptococcus constellatus in a patient with lung cancer. The abscesses were drained or resected, and the patients were treated with antibiotics with full resolution of the lesions. The C. curvus cases are likely the first reported infections by this organism, and the C. rectus case represents the second such reported extraoral infection.
Topics: Abscess; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Campylobacter; Campylobacter Infections; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Liver Abscess; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 15872299
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.5.2513-2515.2005 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2000The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of campylobacteria including Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni (C. jejuni) and Campylobacter coli in human...
The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of campylobacteria including Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni (C. jejuni) and Campylobacter coli in human clinical samples and in samples from healthy individuals and to reevaluate the efficacies of conventional selective methods for isolation of Campylobacter spp. Two charcoal-based selective media, modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) and cefoperazone-amphotericin-teicoplanin (CAT) agar, were compared with Skirrow's blood-based medium and with a filter method (filter) applied to a yeast-enriched blood agar. A total of 1,376 specimens were tested on all four media, and the percentages of thermophilic Campylobacter-positive specimens isolated on Skirrow's medium, filters, CAT agar, and mCCDA were 82, 83, 85, and 95%, respectively. When additional samples were processed with the three selective media, mCCDA recovered significantly more thermophilic Campylobacter spp. than Skirrow's medium (P = 0.0034). No significant difference between Skirrow's medium and CAT agar was observed in this study. Another six taxa were identified, namely, Campylobacter concisus, Campylobacter curvus-like bacteria, Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, Helicobacter cinaedi, and Sutterella wadsworthensis. Most of these strains were isolated after 5 to 6 days of incubation by use of the filter technique. This paper provides evidence for the existence of S. wadsworthensis in human feces from clinical cases of gastrointestinal disorders and in feces from a healthy individual. Furthermore, C. concisus was isolated from a large number of diarrheal cases, particularly those at the extremes of age, but was additionally isolated from the feces of healthy people. Further investigations to establish the role of C. concisus and S. wadsworthensis in enteric disease is needed. We conclude that a range of campylobacteria may cause infections in Denmark.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Arcobacter; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Campylobacter; Campylobacter Infections; Campylobacter coli; Campylobacter jejuni; Cefoperazone; Child; Child, Preschool; Culture Media; Denmark; Deoxycholic Acid; Epsilonproteobacteria; Feces; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Helicobacter; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Middle Aged; Prevalence
PubMed: 10618103
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.38.1.286-291.2000 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2015NAD(+) use is an ancestral trait of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), and the NADP(+) phenotype arose through evolution as an ancient adaptation event. However, no...
NAD(+) use is an ancestral trait of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), and the NADP(+) phenotype arose through evolution as an ancient adaptation event. However, no NAD(+)-specific IDHs have been found among type II IDHs and monomeric IDHs. In this study, novel type II homodimeric NAD-IDHs from Ostreococcus lucimarinus CCE9901 IDH (OlIDH) and Micromonas sp. RCC299 (MiIDH), and novel monomeric NAD-IDHs from Campylobacter sp. FOBRC14 IDH (CaIDH) and Campylobacter curvus (CcIDH) were reported for the first time. The homodimeric OlIDH and monomeric CaIDH were determined by size exclusion chromatography and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. All the four IDHs were demonstrated to be NAD(+)-specific, since OlIDH, MiIDH, CaIDH and CcIDH displayed 99-fold, 224-fold, 61-fold and 37-fold preferences for NAD(+) over NADP(+), respectively. The putative coenzyme discriminating amino acids (Asp326/Met327 in OlIDH, Leu584/Asp595 in CaIDH) were evaluated, and the coenzyme specificities of the two mutants, OlIDH R(326)H(327) and CaIDH H(584)R(595), were completely reversed from NAD(+) to NADP(+). The detailed biochemical properties, including optimal reaction pH and temperature, thermostability, and metal ion effects, of OlIDH and CaIDH were further investigated. The evolutionary connections among OlIDH, CaIDH, and all the other forms of IDHs were described and discussed thoroughly.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Biological Evolution; Coenzymes; Enzyme Activation; Evolution, Molecular; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Kinetics; Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Phylogeny; Protein Binding; Protein Multimerization; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Thermodynamics
PubMed: 25775177
DOI: 10.1038/srep09150 -
Molecular Microbiology Jul 2017Members of the multihaem cytochrome c family such as pentahaem cytochrome c nitrite reductase (NrfA) or octahaem hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (Hao) are involved in...
Members of the multihaem cytochrome c family such as pentahaem cytochrome c nitrite reductase (NrfA) or octahaem hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (Hao) are involved in various microbial respiratory electron transport chains. Some members of the Hao subfamily, here called εHao proteins, have been predicted from the genomes of nitrate/nitrite-ammonifying bacteria that usually lack NrfA. Here, εHao proteins from the host-associated Epsilonproteobacteria Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter curvus and the deep-sea hydrothermal vent bacteria Caminibacter mediatlanticus and Nautilia profundicola were purified as εHao-maltose binding protein fusions produced in Wolinella succinogenes. All four proteins were able to catalyze reduction of nitrite (yielding ammonium) and hydroxylamine whereas hydroxylamine oxidation was negligible. The introduction of a tyrosine residue at a position known to cause covalent trimerization of Hao proteins did neither stimulate hydroxylamine oxidation nor generate the Hao-typical absorbance maximum at 460 nm. In most cases, the εHao-encoding gene haoA was situated downstream of haoC, which predicts a tetrahaem cytochrome c of the NapC/NrfH family. This suggested the formation of a membrane-bound HaoCA assembly reminiscent of the menaquinol-oxidizing NrfHA complex. The results indicate that εHao proteins form a subfamily of ammonifying cytochrome c nitrite reductases that represents a 'missing link' in the evolution of NrfA and Hao enzymes.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Cytochrome c Group; Cytochromes a1; Cytochromes c; Cytochromes c1; Epsilonproteobacteria; Nitrate Reductases; Nitrites; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Wolinella
PubMed: 28388834
DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13690 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 2006Campylobacter curvus was isolated from blood cultures of a patient with liver abscesses. Bacterial identification involved Gram staining, biochemical analysis,...
Campylobacter curvus was isolated from blood cultures of a patient with liver abscesses. Bacterial identification involved Gram staining, biochemical analysis, gas-liquid chromatography, and 16S rRNA sequencing. The difficulty in isolation, identification, and growth of the species confirms previous work that these organisms may be overlooked by conventional detection methods.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Campylobacter; Campylobacter Infections; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Liver Abscess; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 16672438
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.44.5.1909-1911.2006