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Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 2013Empyema is a problem faced by clinicians worldwide. Most cases are caused by Gram-positive organisms, such as streptococci and staphylococci. Empyema caused by...
Empyema is a problem faced by clinicians worldwide. Most cases are caused by Gram-positive organisms, such as streptococci and staphylococci. Empyema caused by Capnocytophaga spp. is extremely uncommon (H. Bonatti et al., Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 9:380-387, 2003). We present a unique case of a polymicrobial empyema, with a predominance of Capnocytophaga sputigena, in an older patient with no history of animal bite or splenectomy.
Topics: Aged; Capnocytophaga; Coinfection; Empyema; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male
PubMed: 23698526
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00884-13 -
Revista Do Instituto de Medicina... 2020Capnocytophaga is a group of facultative anaerobic gram-negative bacteria present in the oral cavity of humans, dogs and cats, as part of their normal oral flora. Here,... (Review)
Review
Capnocytophaga is a group of facultative anaerobic gram-negative bacteria present in the oral cavity of humans, dogs and cats, as part of their normal oral flora. Here, we described two cases of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Capnocytophaga in neutropenic autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) patients with mucositis (Grade I and Grade III) identified by Maldi-Tof. They were successfully treated with β-lactam (meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam). The species C. sputigena was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in one patient. The review of literature showed that C. ochraceae was the most frequent species causing BSI in auto-HSCT patients and that the patients usually presented mucositis and were neutropenic at the onset of the infection.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Capnocytophaga; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Meropenem; Middle Aged; Mucositis; Neutrophils; Piperacillin; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Tazobactam; Transplantation, Autologous
PubMed: 32667390
DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202062048 -
Infection and Immunity Dec 1979When examined by both light and scanning electron microscopy, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, C. sputigena, and C. ochracea displayed three distinct growth zones: the...
When examined by both light and scanning electron microscopy, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, C. sputigena, and C. ochracea displayed three distinct growth zones: the original streak, an intermediate zone, and the advancing edge, or halo zone. On Trypticase (BBL Microbiology Systems)-soy-blood agar, the cells translocated by gliding. C. gingivalis and C. sputigena formed large, irregular isolated colonies, while C. ochracea formed a more confluent cell mass. The cells within the streak zone and in most of the intermediate zone were heaped into mounds, with the individual cells displaying a definite flow pattern, the latter characteristic of C. sputigena and C. gingivalis. The halo zone consisted of tracks of cells which appeared to have translocated back upon themselves, or were restricted in their outward movements by adjacent cells. Also present within the halo zone were small aggregates of cells, referred to as pioneer colonies. The cell surfaces of C. gingivalis and C. ochracea were smooth and free of any apparent extracellular material, whereas C. sputigena was covered with a thick amorphous material, as well as long, thick, cell surface-associated fibrils.
Topics: Bacteroidetes; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Mouth; Movement
PubMed: 528052
DOI: 10.1128/iai.26.3.1146-1158.1979 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2022are facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli and recognized as opportunistic pathogens of various extraoral infections. Only a few studies attempted to identify all...
Comparison of culture and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for identification of various species from subgingival plaque samples of healthy and periodontally diseased individuals.
INTRODUCTION
are facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli and recognized as opportunistic pathogens of various extraoral infections. Only a few studies attempted to identify all the seven species of phenotypically and genotypically in healthy individuals and patients with chronic periodontitis. Studies to determine the prevalence of in subgingival plaque samples from healthy individuals, chronic gingivitis and periodontitis among Indian population are lacking.
AIM
The aim of this study was to identify and compare the presence of species phenotypically through microbial culture and biochemical tests and genotypically through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in subgingival plaque of healthy individuals and patients with chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 300 subjects, 100 each with gingivitis, periodontitis and periodontally healthy gingiva subjected, were included. Subgingival plaque was collected and was cultured for phenotypic identification (microbial culture and biochemical test), and for genotypic identification, DNA extraction was done and PCR-RFLP analysis was performed to identify the genus and also to identify different species of .
RESULTS
Of 300 individuals, species were identified from 237 (79%) individuals by PCR and 82 (27.33%) by culture. The prevalence of was found to be higher with both the methods followed by and . , and were isolated only by culture with very low prevalence that is 1.33%, 1.33% and 0.66%, respectively. We could not get any isolate of by any of the two methods.
CONCLUSION
species could be found in gingival sulci as well as periodontal pockets and can be detected by culture and PCR-RFLP. However, higher prevalence of these species in healthy compared to disease requires further analysis to determine their role in healthy and diseased periodontium.
PubMed: 35968170
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_172_21 -
Infection and Immunity Jan 1980An endotoxin was isolated from Capnocytophaga sputigena strain 4 by a modification of the hot phenol-water method. The extraction procedure yielded a lipopolysaccharide...
An endotoxin was isolated from Capnocytophaga sputigena strain 4 by a modification of the hot phenol-water method. The extraction procedure yielded a lipopolysaccharide which accounted for approximately 1.5% of the dry weight of the cells. The material was composed of 18.6% lipid (as C(15) fatty acid), 46.5% neutral sugar including 9.6% hexose, 18.3% 6-deoxy sugar, 1.0% 2-keto-3-deoxy sugar, and 4.8% heptose. Hexosamine, protein, and phosphorus were found in quantities amounting to 9.0, 2.9, and 2.0% of the dry weight, respectively. No pentose or nucleic acid was detected. Acid hydrolysis resulted in the release of the constituent sugars and the formation of an insoluble precipitate. The lipopolysaccharide was tested for numerous biological activities characteristic of endotoxins. The pyrogenicity was relatively low; the fever index 40 was 17 mug, and 10 mug was required to give the characteristic biphasic fever response. The toxicity of the extract was very low, with a 50% chicken embryo lethal dose of 15.6 mug and a 50% mouse embryo lethal dose of greater than 8 mg. Similarly, the C. sputigena endotoxin had modest effects on leukocytes when compared with endotoxin standards from other organisms. The extract exhibited little or no mitogenicity when tested on mouse spleen lymphocytes. It was not toxic to human peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes and caused the release of only a small (13%) portion of lysosomal enzymes. Although the C. sputigena lipopolysaccharide caused significant activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages, the dose required was twice that of an Escherichia coli endotoxic standard. However, the Limulus amoebocyte lysate clotting activity of the lipopolysaccharide was comparable to that of an Serratia marcescens lipopolysaccharide standard, and passive hemagglutination tests revealed that 1 mug of the lipopolysaccharide was capable of sensitizing 1 ml of a 2% sheep erythrocyte suspension for agglutination with an antiserum prepared against C. sputigena whole cells.
Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chick Embryo; Cytophagaceae; Endotoxins; Female; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Periodontitis; Rabbits
PubMed: 7358428
DOI: 10.1128/iai.27.1.246-254.1980 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Dec 1993Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga spp. are gram-negative bacteria implicated in the etiology of periodontal disease (particularly in individuals... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Bactericidal activities of synthetic human leukocyte cathepsin G-derived antibiotic peptides and congeners against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga sputigena.
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga spp. are gram-negative bacteria implicated in the etiology of periodontal disease (particularly in individuals with neutrophil defects) and life-threatening systemic infections. They are resistant to many antibiotics of microbial origin but are sensitive to the nonoxidative microbicidal action of neutrophils. These organisms are susceptible to the microbicidal effect of cathepsin G but are killed by two distinct mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to assess their sensitivity to the antibiotic effects of IIGGR and HPQYNQR, antimicrobial peptides derived from human neutrophil cathepsin G. The efficacies of the synthetic peptides IIGGR and HPQYNQR were tested by single-dose screening, dose-response, and kinetic assays against three representative strains (each) of A. actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga spp. and one strain of Eikenella corrodens. Strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans were sensitive to IIGGR and HPQYNQR at equal concentrations (wt/vol), whereas strains of Capnocytophaga and E. corrodens were more sensitive to IIGGR than to HPQYNQR. These differential antibiotic effects occurred over both time and dose ranges too narrow to be of therapeutic significance but are consistent with the premise that cathepsin G kills these oral bacteria by two distinct mechanisms. Except for IVGGR, congeners of IIGGR, including AIGGR, IAGGR, IIAGR, IIGAR, IIGGA, IQGGR, ILGGR, and I-norleucyl-GGR (InLGGR), were microbicidal at 500 micrograms/ml. IIGGR-amide exhibited no antibiotic activity. The D-enantiomer of IIGGR, DIDIGGDR, was as potent as IIGGR itself. APQYNQR exhibited antibiotic activity but somewhat less than HPQYNQR. We conclude that charge distribution, but not chirality or net charge, is an important determinant in the antibiotic efficacy of IIGGR. Moreover, peptide antibiotics derived from cathepsin G may have therapeutic value against periodontal gram-negative, facultative bacteria.
Topics: Actinobacillus Infections; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Amino Acid Sequence; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Capnocytophaga; Cathepsin G; Cathepsins; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Kinetics; Leukocytes; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptide Fragments; Peritoneal Diseases; Serine Endopeptidases
PubMed: 8109940
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.37.12.2710 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Dec 2021
Topics: Anemia, Aplastic; Capnocytophaga; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Sepsis
PubMed: 34120998
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.6665-20 -
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology,... Aug 2018
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Blood Culture; Capnocytophaga; Diabetes Complications; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Pneumonia; Stomach Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29287696
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2017.11.005 -
ACS Infectious Diseases Sep 2023Changes in the oral microbiome are associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oral microbe-derived signatures have been utilized as markers of OSCC. However,...
Changes in the oral microbiome are associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oral microbe-derived signatures have been utilized as markers of OSCC. However, the structure of the oral microbiome during OSCC recurrence and biomarkers for the prediction of OSCC recurrence remains unknown. To identify OSCC recurrence-associated microbial biomarkers for the prediction of OSCC recurrence, we performed 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing on 54 oral swab samples from OSCC patients. Differences in bacterial compositions were observed in patients with vs without recurrence. We found that , , , , , , , , and were enriched in OSCC recurrence. Functional analysis of the oral microbiome showed altered functions associated with OSCC recurrence compared with nonrecurrence. A random forest prediction model was constructed with five microbial signatures including , , , , and to discriminate OSCC recurrence from original OSCC (accuracy = 0.963). Moreover, we validated the prediction model in another independent cohort (46 OSCC patients), achieving an accuracy of 0.761. We compared the accuracy of the prediction of OSCC recurrence between the five microbial signatures and two clinicopathological parameters, including resection margin and lymph node counts. The results predicted by the model with five microbial signatures showed a higher accuracy than those based on the clinical outcomes from the two clinicopathological parameters. This study demonstrated the validity of using recurrence-related microbial biomarkers, a noninvasive and effective method for the prediction of OSCC recurrence. Our findings may contribute to the prognosis and treatment of OSCC recurrence.
Topics: Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Biomarkers; Head and Neck Neoplasms
PubMed: 37565768
DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00269 -
Capnocytophaga sputigena: A rarely encountered gram-negative bacterium in microbiology laboratories.Journal of Infection and Public Health May 2021
Topics: Capnocytophaga; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Laboratories
PubMed: 33250368
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.09.021