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European Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2020To review published literature concerning cataract surgery and dry eye disease (DED). (Review)
Review
AIM
To review published literature concerning cataract surgery and dry eye disease (DED).
METHODS
A search was undertaken using the following: PubMed (all years), Web of Science (all years), Ovid MEDLINE(R) (1946 to 12 December 2019), Ovid MEDLINE(R) Daily Update 10 December 2019, MEDLINE and MEDLINE non-indexed items, Embase (1974-2019, week 49), Ovid MEDLINE (R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily (1946 to 12 December 2019), CENTRAL (including Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register; Cochrane Library: Issue 12 of 12 December 2019), metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) (www.controlled-trials.com), ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrial.gov) and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en). Search terms included 'cataract surgery', 'phacoemulsification' and 'cataract extraction', combined with 'dry eyes' and 'ocular surface'. Relevant in-article references not returned in our searches were also considered.
RESULTS
Publications identified included systematic reviews, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case series and laboratory-based studies. Published data highlighting the burden of DED both prior and following cataract surgery were reviewed as well as studies highlighting the effects of cataract surgery on the ocular surface, intra-operative measures to reduce deleterious effects on the ocular surface and current evidence on the management options of post-operative DED.
CONCLUSIONS
DED is common and can be exacerbated by cataract surgery. Ophthalmologists need to assess for pre-existing DED and instigate treatment before surgery; be aware of reduced accuracy of measurements for surgical planning in the presence of DED; limit intra-operative surgical factors damaging to the ocular surface; and consider management to reduce DED post-operatively.
Topics: Cataract Extraction; Dry Eye Syndromes; Humans
PubMed: 32515220
DOI: 10.1177/1120672120929958 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Nov 2022The manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) is instrumental in tackling cataract-induced blindness in developing countries, especially with a sizeable proportion... (Review)
Review
The manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) is instrumental in tackling cataract-induced blindness in developing countries, especially with a sizeable proportion being hard brunescent cataracts. MSICS has a unique set of complications related to wound construction, the creation of the capsular opening, and the technique of nuclear delivery. A poorly constructed sclero-corneal tunnel or a small capsulorhexis hampers the nuclear extraction, and the extensive intracameral maneuvers increase the chances of postoperative corneal edema and iritis. Though MSICS has been shown to have universal applicability, producing replicable visual outcomes requires a significant learning curve. This article reviews the relevant published literature on complications of MSICS utilizing the databases of PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, and Google Scholar.
Topics: Humans; Visual Acuity; Cataract Extraction; Cataract; Lens, Crystalline; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 36308100
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1812_22 -
Deutsches Arzteblatt International May 2023Opacification of the lens of the eye (cataract) is usually due to aging. It is a painless, progressive condition that affects contrast and color perception and alters... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Opacification of the lens of the eye (cataract) is usually due to aging. It is a painless, progressive condition that affects contrast and color perception and alters refraction, leading to visual loss that may be total. In cataract surgery, the turbid lens is replaced by an artificial lens. An estimated 600 000 to 800 000 such procedures are performed in Germany each year.
METHODS
This review is based on pertinent publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed, including meta-analyses, Cochrane reviews, and randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs).
RESULTS
Cataract is the most common reversible cause of blindness around the world (approximately 95 million people). The surgical replacement of a turbid lens with an artificial lens is usually carried out under local anesthesia. The standard technique for fragmentation of the nucleus of the lens is ultrasonic phacoemulsification. RCTs have not shown the superiority of the femtosecond laser over phacoemulsification for this purpose so far. The spectrum of artificial intraocular lenses, aside from the conventional type with a single focus, include lenses with multiple foci, extended-depth-of-focus (EDOF) lenses, and astigmatism-correcting lenses.
CONCLUSION
In Germany, cataract surgery is usually performed on an outpatient basis under local anesthesia. Artificial lenses with various additional functions are available nowadays; the choice of lens depends on the needs of the individual patient. Patients must be adequately informed about the advantages and disadvantages of the different lens systems.
Topics: Humans; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Visual Acuity; Cataract Extraction; Lenses, Intraocular; Cataract
PubMed: 36794457
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0028 -
Missouri Medicine 2016Cataract surgery is one of the most common procedures performed worldwide. It is also one of the oldest. Alongside advancements in cataract surgical techniques have been...
Cataract surgery is one of the most common procedures performed worldwide. It is also one of the oldest. Alongside advancements in cataract surgical techniques have been improvements in intraocular lens replacement technology. Cataract surgery may be considered among the most successful treatments in all of medicine. This article discusses the fascinating evolution of cataract surgery, from the earliest approach of couching to modern day phacoemulsification and lens replacement.
Topics: Cataract Extraction; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans
PubMed: 27039493
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology May 2024
Topics: Humans; Cataract Extraction; Cataract
PubMed: 38648429
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_888_24 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Apr 2023Cataract surgery, which is the most widely performed ophthalmic procedure, is usually done in the elderly population, who are also prone to ocular surface disorders.... (Review)
Review
Cataract surgery, which is the most widely performed ophthalmic procedure, is usually done in the elderly population, who are also prone to ocular surface disorders. Ocular surface diseases are multifactorial in nature and associated with symptoms and signs such as foreign body sensation, burning, fatigue, photophobia, red or watery eyes, or reduced visual acuity. These include a spectrum of conditions that may be immune or non-immune in nature. Cataract surgery in itself is known to alter the normal ocular surface milieu and cause tear film disturbances which can last up to 6 months post-operatively. These symptoms can be exaggerated in patients with ocular surface diseases. The planning and execution of cataract surgery can also be difficult in patients with associated ocular surface diseases. In this review, we discuss the various aspects of planning and intraoperative modifications to optimize the outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with ocular surface diseases.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Cataract Extraction; Vision Disorders; Tears; Cataract
PubMed: 37026248
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_3395_22 -
Ophthalmology Jan 2021
Topics: Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Cataract Extraction; Humans; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Patient Satisfaction; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 32951873
DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.08.017 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia 2015
Topics: Cataract Extraction; Humans; Internship and Residency; Ophthalmology; Teaching
PubMed: 26375350
DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.20150053 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia 2018Patients undergoing cataract surgery are generally elderly, and many take drugs with systemic effects. The surgeon must be aware of the risks of continuing or... (Review)
Review
Patients undergoing cataract surgery are generally elderly, and many take drugs with systemic effects. The surgeon must be aware of the risks of continuing or discontinuing such medications perioperatively. Antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants, prescribed to reduce the incidence of thromboembolic events, are often used in this population. This paper aims to review the perioperative use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs in the setting of cataract surgery. Topical or intracameral anesthesia is preferred over anesthesia injected with needles. Aspirin can be safely continued in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Warfarin has been extensively studied, and the risk of hemorrhage associated with cataract surgery is low if the international normalized ratio is in the therapeutic range. Only a few studies of direct oral anticoagulants are available, and therefore no definite recommendations regarding those agents can be made at this time. Anesthesia in cataract surgery carries a low risk, even for patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. The discontinuation of this class of drugs before cataract surgery may increase the risk of thromboembolism.
Topics: Anticoagulants; Cataract Extraction; Humans; Intraoperative Period; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Risk Factors; Venous Thromboembolism
PubMed: 29995131
DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.20180069 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Nov 2022Both cataract and glaucoma significantly affect the quality of life of an individual and they are often found to coexist, either primarily or secondary to one another.... (Review)
Review
Both cataract and glaucoma significantly affect the quality of life of an individual and they are often found to coexist, either primarily or secondary to one another. Clear-cut guidelines are not available for this subgroup of coexistent morbidities. Through this article, we attempt to discuss the risks and benefits of staged and combined surgery, their short- and long-term effects on the intraocular pressure and pre and postoperative management. The indication and type of surgery will depend on the type, severity and control of glaucoma, and the clinical significance of cataract; and the surgical outcome on the surgical technique used, site of surgery, use of anti-fibrotic agents, and most importantly, the surgeon's skill and experience.
Topics: Humans; Trabeculectomy; Quality of Life; Cataract Extraction; Glaucoma; Cataract; Intraocular Pressure; Surgical Wound; Phacoemulsification
PubMed: 36308099
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1317_22