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International Journal of Surgery Case... 2011Here we present an interesting and extremely rare case of a 66 year old male who developed a colocutaneous fistula secondary to amoebiasis. The patient presented with an...
Here we present an interesting and extremely rare case of a 66 year old male who developed a colocutaneous fistula secondary to amoebiasis. The patient presented with an acute history of right lower abdominal pain, weight loss and a palpable mass. A CT scan demonstrated a fluid filled cavity in the right iliac fossa consistent with an appendiceal abscess which was drained under radiological guidance. However, following drainage his symptoms remained requiring open surgical drainage, and a controlled caecostomy was performed due to a small caecal perforation. Despite appropriate conservative therapy he failed to progress, and developed localised sepsis in the right iliac fossa with a colocutaneous fistula, requiring a formal right hemicolectomy. The histological examination confirmed the presence of abundant trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica.We highlight the fact that in the modern age of immigration and long distance travel, it will become increasingly likely that the so-called 'tropical' diseases will present throughout the world. This case also highlights the need to keep an open mind in cases that do not progress as expected, and to react accordingly to any unusual developments.
PubMed: 22096684
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2010.12.002 -
Endoscopy Jul 2020ESGE suggests flexible endoscopic treatment over open surgical treatment as first-line therapy for patients with a symptomatic Zenker's diverticulum of any size.Weak...
ESGE suggests flexible endoscopic treatment over open surgical treatment as first-line therapy for patients with a symptomatic Zenker's diverticulum of any size.Weak recommendation, low quality of evidence, level of agreement 100 %.ESGE recommends that emerging treatments for Zenker's diverticulum, such as Zenker's peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM) and tunneling, be considered as experimental; these treatments should be offered in a research setting only.Strong recommendation, low quality of evidence, level of agreement 100 %.ESGE recommends against the widespread clinical use of transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) as an alternative to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy or antireflux surgery in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), because of the lack of data on the long-term outcomes, the inferiority of TIF to fundoplication, and its modest efficacy in only highly selected patients. TIF may have a role for patients with mild GERD who are not willing to take PPIs or undergo antireflux surgery.Strong recommendation, moderate quality of evidence, level of agreement 92.8 %.ESGE recommends against the use of the Medigus ultrasonic surgical endostapler (MUSE) in clinical practice because of insufficient data showing its effectiveness and safety in patients with GERD. MUSE should be used in clinical trials only.Strong recommendation, low quality evidence, level of agreement 100 %.ESGE recommends against the use of antireflux mucosectomy (ARMS) in routine clinical practice in the treatment of GERD because of the lack of data and its potential complications.Strong recommendation, low quality evidence, level of agreement 100 %.ESGE recommends endoscopic cecostomy only after conservative management with medical therapies or retrograde lavage has failed.Strong recommendation, low quality evidence, level of agreement 93.3 %.ESGE recommends fixing the cecum to the abdominal wall at three points (using T-anchors, a double-needle suturing device, or laparoscopic fixation) to prevent leaks and infectious adverse events, whatever percutaneous endoscopic cecostomy method is used.Strong recommendation, very low quality evidence, level of agreement 86.7 %.ESGE recommends considering endoscopic decompression of the colon in patients with Ogilvie's syndrome that is not improving with conservative treatment.Strong recommendation, low quality evidence, level of agreement 93.8 %.ESGE recommends prompt endoscopic decompression if the cecal diameter is > 12 cm and if the Ogilvie's syndrome exists for a duration of longer than 4 - 6 days.Strong recommendation, low quality evidence, level of agreement 87.5 %.
Topics: Decompression, Surgical; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Fundoplication; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae
PubMed: 32462649
DOI: 10.1055/a-1171-3174 -
Postgraduate Medical Journal Dec 1994A 43 year old woman in remission from acute myeloid leukaemia developed abdominal pain, severe melaena, diarrhoea and gram-negative septicaemia whilst severely... (Review)
Review
A 43 year old woman in remission from acute myeloid leukaemia developed abdominal pain, severe melaena, diarrhoea and gram-negative septicaemia whilst severely pancytopenic following consolidation chemotherapy. Subsequently, serial abdominal X-rays showed a progressive toxic megacolon. Conservative management was attempted but, because of radiological evidence of increasing colonic dilatation and incipient perforation, an emergency defunctioning colostomy was performed. The patient recovered and 2 months later the caecostomy was reversed and a right hemicolectomy performed. This first described case of toxic megacolon following leukaemia treatment is compared with three previously described cases following cytotoxic chemotherapy for other conditions.
Topics: Adult; Amsacrine; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Cytarabine; Daunorubicin; Etoposide; Female; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Megacolon, Toxic
PubMed: 7870642
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.70.830.921 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... Nov 2021Although foreign body ingestion is a common medical issue, intestinal perforations following foreign body ingestion are rare. Diagnosing foreign body ingestion is...
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Although foreign body ingestion is a common medical issue, intestinal perforations following foreign body ingestion are rare. Diagnosing foreign body ingestion is challenging especially in children with neurodevelopmental disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It is believed that approximately 80-90% of ingested foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without causing any luminal damage, and only approximately 1% of foreign bodies are known to remain lodged within the bowel and cause luminal erosion and perforation.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 14-year-old boy, diagnosed to have Autism Spectrum Disorder was brought in by his parents to our hospital with right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal pain and fever. On examination, he was tachycardic and there was direct tenderness over the RLQ of the abdomen. Acute appendicitis was entertained and the patient was examined with ultrasound. The ultrasound reported, "The tip of the appendix was dilated (0.62cm) and there is minimal RLQ intra-peritoneal fluid collection". With the impression of acute appendicitis, the patient was explored and he was found to have a cecum perforation due to an ingested foreign body (twig). Initially we did tube cecostomy but later we did right hemicolectomy because the cecostomy tube had leaked.
CONCLUSION
Foreign body ingestion should be taken into account during the evaluation of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders who presented with acute abdominal pain. Since diagnosis is difficult clinicians who are involved in acute care medicine should take a thorough history with a high index of suspicion for foreign body ingestion.
PubMed: 34763169
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106580 -
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery... Jan 2018A 9-year-old boy, with previous anorectal malformation and neuropathic bladder and bowel, underwent ileocystoplasty, Monti-Mitrofanoff and appendix antegrade colonic...
A 9-year-old boy, with previous anorectal malformation and neuropathic bladder and bowel, underwent ileocystoplasty, Monti-Mitrofanoff and appendix antegrade colonic enema procedure. The tip of the macroscopically normal appendix was sent for routine histopathology. Microscopy demonstrated a 5-mm well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor extending into muscularis propria. K -67 index was <2%. Due to margin involvement, the appendix conduit and surrounding skin were re-excised and a tube cecostomy was created through a separate incision. Microscopy revealed no residual neuroendocrine tumor, and no further treatment was required.
PubMed: 30473988
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1672166 -
Case Reports in Neurological Medicine 2020Infarction or ischemia of the spinal cord is a rare entity and is often misdiagnosed as inflammatory myelopathy in acute settings. Atherosclerotic disease can affect...
Infarction or ischemia of the spinal cord is a rare entity and is often misdiagnosed as inflammatory myelopathy in acute settings. Atherosclerotic disease can affect spinal arteries, leading to cord ischemia with clinical presentation mixed with myelopathy. We present a case of a 66-year-old male who came to the hospital with unsteady gait and numbness of all extremities without associated pain for the past 48 hours. The neurological examination on admission directed the diagnosis towards myelopathy of the cervical spine. However, the initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine demonstrated gliosis and restricted diffusion of the cord with multilevel neuroforaminal stenosis but without central canal stenosis or cord compression. The MRI brain, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and rheumatologic evaluation were unremarkable. Four days into the clinical course, the patient developed weakness and spasticity of all extremities prompting further evaluation. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) scan of the head and neck revealed right vertebral artery occlusion and intracranial atherosclerotic disease. He was started on aspirin and clopidogrel for secondary risk reduction. The hospital course was further complicated by Ogilvie syndrome (OS), and the patient underwent uncomplicated cecostomy.
PubMed: 32733721
DOI: 10.1155/2020/7197230 -
Case Reports in Gastroenterology 2017Ogilvie syndrome is defined as colonic pseudo-obstruction due to nonmechanical causes. Mortality of nearly 50% is associated with perforation of the distended,...
Ogilvie syndrome is defined as colonic pseudo-obstruction due to nonmechanical causes. Mortality of nearly 50% is associated with perforation of the distended, pseudo-obstructed colon. While conservative medical therapy has proven to be beneficial in a majority of cases, >3% of patients have significant distention or perforation of the colon that warrants surgical resection. The case of a 48-year-old male with progressive abdominal discomfort and distention 12 days following knee replacement surgery is presented. He was subsequently diagnosed with colonic pseudo-obstruction and definitively treated with subtotal colectomy and colostomy. We propose that a more conservative approach to treatment of colonic pseudo-obstruction may prevent the need for colostomy, significantly improving quality of life.
PubMed: 28626383
DOI: 10.1159/000462963 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... 2014Chilaiditi's syndrome (symptomatic hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the colon) is an exceptionally rare cause of bowel obstruction and may present difficulty in...
INTRODUCTION
Chilaiditi's syndrome (symptomatic hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the colon) is an exceptionally rare cause of bowel obstruction and may present difficulty in diagnosis and management. This is the first reported case of colonic volvulus occurring in Chilaiditi's syndrome in association with intestinal malrotation and this case study describes its successful management.
PRESENTATION OF CASE
An 18 year old male presented as an emergency with vague abdominal pain and a past history of gastroschisis repair with intestinal malrotation. CT scanning showed a closed loop obstruction due to a volvulus of the colon herniating under the falciform ligament. The patient was successfully treated by surgical reduction of the hernia, anatomical correction of the malrotation and caecopexy with a tube caecostomy. At six month follow up the patient was well and asymptomatic.
DISCUSSION
In nine of the previously reported cases of Chilaiditi's syndrome with colonic volvulus, treatment was by partial colonic resection of which a third underwent stoma formation. One patient died as a consequence of anastomotic leak following primary anastomosis. We therefore suggest an alternative approach to management.
CONCLUSION
Chilaiditi's syndrome with colonic volvulus in association with intestinal malrotation has not previously been described. As there is no consensus in the literature as to how to manage such a case we suggest that reduction of the volvulus, anatomical correction of the malrotation and fixation of the caecum by tube caecostomy results in a successful outcome. This approach avoids the need for colonic resection and possible stoma formation.
PubMed: 24811427
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2014.03.011 -
BMC Surgery Mar 2020As surgery remains the cornerstone of colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, the number of older patients presented for colorectal resection is rapidly increasing....
BACKGROUND
As surgery remains the cornerstone of colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, the number of older patients presented for colorectal resection is rapidly increasing. Nevertheless, the choice to operate an oldest-old patient still remain challenging and requires a careful assessment of risk to benefit ratio in order to guarantee appropriate surgical strategies and perioperative management.
CASE PRESENTATION
A centenarian patient, acutely admitted to the emergency department, was diagnosed with an ileus caused by stenosing ascending colon cancer with abnormal distension of the right colon at high risk of perforation. Facing with this complex clinical scenario, a lateral decompressive cecostomy as alternative surgical procedure, was performed in local anesthesia in order to avoid the stressful event of an emergency surgery. Thereafter, the patient was admitted to the surgical ward and followed by a geriatrician who performed a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and daily clinical evaluations. This integrated plan of care was mainly focused on rehabilitation, nutritional interventions and therapeutic reconciliation, maximizing patient's clinical conditions and performance status. Then, the second surgical step, the radical colon surgery with curative intent and bowel continuity reestablishment was performed, demonstrating to be feasible and safety also in a very advanced age patient in term of prolonged survival and preservation of an adequate quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first case-report that illustrates a successful two step surgery for CRC in a centenarian patient thanks to a multidisciplinary based approach, overwhelming the mere concept of chronological age.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Colonic Neoplasms; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Hospitalization; Humans; Ileus; Male; Quality of Life
PubMed: 32188448
DOI: 10.1186/s12893-020-00708-9 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... Nov 1987Sixteen cases of caecal volvulus were treated surgically at a major Australian teaching hospital over a decade. Review of these cases suggests that this condition may be... (Review)
Review
Sixteen cases of caecal volvulus were treated surgically at a major Australian teaching hospital over a decade. Review of these cases suggests that this condition may be more common in fit people between 30 and 40 years of age than in the elderly or institutionalised. Caecal volvulus was more common in women than in men, possibly because adhesions from previous gynaecological surgery may initiate volvulus. In some other cases colonic distension due to poor muscle tone rather than distal obstruction may have been an important predisposing factor. Preoperative diagnosis was not usually made, but might have been facilitated if knowledge of the above predisposing factors had been available. This would allow colonoscopic reduction to be considered as a therapeutic alternative to laparotomy. At laparotomy, right hemicolectomy or caecal fixation (caecostomy or caecopexy) were the alternative methods of treatment.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cecal Diseases; Female; Humans; Intestinal Obstruction; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 3322151
DOI: No ID Found