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International Journal of Infectious... Nov 2020Members of the bacterial genus Cedecea cause acute infections worldwide in compromised hosts with serious underlying medical conditions. While global reports of Cedecea... (Review)
Review
Members of the bacterial genus Cedecea cause acute infections worldwide in compromised hosts with serious underlying medical conditions. While global reports of Cedecea infections remain sporadic in the medical literature, cases of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates have been documented each year over the past decade, warranting a comprehensive update on this emerging opportunistic pathogen. Here, we review the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, natural distribution, epidemiology, and antimicrobial resistance of Cedecea species. Acute infection commonly manifests as bacteremia and pneumonia; however, the spectrum of infectious pathologies associated with Cedecea has expanded to include oral and cutaneous ulcers, orbital cellulitis, and peritonitis. The frequency of resistance among reported clinical isolates was highest to ampicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, cefazolin, and ceftazidime. Cedecea isolates harboring metallo-β-lactamases exhibited resistance to carbapenems and fourth-generation cephalosporins. Further research is needed to understand the pathogenicity and multidrug resistance of Cedecea species. Appropriate therapeutic management of Cedecea infections depends on antibiotic susceptibility testing because of variable resistance patterns and the enhanced infection risk in vulnerable populations.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans
PubMed: 32950733
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.036 -
Microorganisms Feb 2020The genus is comprised of six rarely isolated species within the family. Representatives are Gram-negative motile bacilli, and are typically oxidase-negative,...
The genus is comprised of six rarely isolated species within the family. Representatives are Gram-negative motile bacilli, and are typically oxidase-negative, lipase-positive and resistant to colistin and cephalothin. In this study, a putative novel species (designated strain ZA_0188), isolated from the koala hindgut, was characterised using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Maximum average nucleotide identity (ANI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) similarity scores well below thresholds of species demarcation were reported, at 81.1% and 97.9%, respectively. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis indicated strain ZA_0188 was most similar to but divergent from recognised species. The isolate's genomic G+C content was determined as 53.0 mol%, >1% lower than previously reported in . Phenotypically, strain ZA_0188 was distinct from recognised species such as colistin- and cephalothin-sensitive, lipase-, sorbitol-, sucrose-, and Voges-Proskauer-negative, and melibiose-, arabinose-, arginine-, and rhamnose-positive. In preliminary experiments, strain ZA_0188 exhibited cellulase activity and high-level tolerance to eucalyptus oil compared to other enteric species surveyed. Collectively, these findings suggest that strain ZA_0188 represents a novel enteric species, for which the name is proposed.
PubMed: 32102268
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020309 -
BMJ Case Reports Jul 2019A late preterm male infant of 36 weeks gestation and a birth weight of 2100 g was admitted on day 35 of life with complaints of respiratory distress and lethargy. He was... (Review)
Review
A late preterm male infant of 36 weeks gestation and a birth weight of 2100 g was admitted on day 35 of life with complaints of respiratory distress and lethargy. He was diagnosed as a case of sepsis screen positive culture negative sepsis and was managed with respiratory support and intravenous antibiotics for 10 days. The infant improved clinically and was on spoon feeds by day 14 of admission. On day 14 of admission, he developed new-onset respiratory distress and was diagnosed as a case of nosocomial pneumonia based on chest radiography findings. The blood culture grew a rare organism and a diagnosis of sepsis was also made. The antibiotics were tailored as per the blood culture sensitivity pattern and the infant had clinical improvement in the next 72 hours.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Infant; Lethargy; Male; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn; Sepsis; Spinal Puncture; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31300600
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-229854 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2021With multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens on the rise, there is a strong research focus on alternative antibacterial treatments that could replace or complement...
With multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens on the rise, there is a strong research focus on alternative antibacterial treatments that could replace or complement classical antibiotics. Metallic nanoparticles, and in particular silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have been shown to kill bacterial biofilms effectively, but their chemical synthesis often involves environmentally unfriendly by-products. Recent studies have shown that microbial and plant extracts can be used for the environmentally friendly synthesis of AgNPs. Herein we report a procedure for producing AgNPs using a putative Cedecea sp. strain isolated from soil. The isolated bacterial strain showed a remarkable potential for producing spherical, crystalline and stable AgNPs characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The concentration of produced nanoparticles was 1.31 µg/µl with a negative surface charge of - 15.3 mV and nanoparticles size ranging from 10-40 nm. The AgNPs was tested against four pathogenic microorganisms S. epidermidis, S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The nanoparticles exhibited strong minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 12.5 and 6.25 µg/µl and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 12.5 and 12.5 µg/mL against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively. One distinguishing feature of AgNPs produced by Cedecea sp. extracts is their extreme stability. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the produced AgNPs are stable for periods exceeding one year. This means that their strong antibacterial effects, demonstrated against E. coli and P. aeruginosa biofilms, can be expected to persist during extended periods.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Drug Stability; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli; Green Chemistry Technology; Metal Nanoparticles; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Particle Size; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Silver; Soil Microbiology; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Thermogravimetry
PubMed: 34135368
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92006-4 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Nov 2018Cedecea lapagei bacterium was discovered in 1977 but was not known to be pathogenic to humans until 2006. In the medical literature there are very few clinical case...
BACKGROUND
Cedecea lapagei bacterium was discovered in 1977 but was not known to be pathogenic to humans until 2006. In the medical literature there are very few clinical case reports of Cedecea lapagei; none have reported a catastrophic death secondary to a soft tissue hemorrhagic bullae infection. As well as soft tissue infection, rare cases of pneumonia, urinary tract infections, peritonitis, osteomyelitis, bacteremia, and sepsis have been documented with the majority having good outcomes. Here, we present the first case of a fatal outcome in a Cedecea lapagei soft tissue infection with multiple hemorrhagic bullae.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 52-year-old Mexican man with antecedents of liver cirrhosis and treated hypertension was brought to our institution with clinical signs of sepsis and 16 to 18 hours of history of pain and edema in his right lower limb. During the course of the first day hospitalized in our institution, he developed several large serohematogenous bullae with ascending progression on his entire right lower limb. He subsequently developed multiple organ failure and septic shock with rapid deterioration, dying on the second day. Bullae fluid samples taken the first day undoubtedly isolated Cedecea lapagei within the second day using MicroScan WalkAway® 96 plus System as well Gram-negative bacteria in MacConkey and blood agar.
CONCLUSIONS
The isolation of Cedecea lapagei was an unexpected etiological finding that will enable physicians in the future to consider this bacterium as a probable cause of serohematogenous bullae infections. We do not exclude contamination although it has never been isolated in bullae fluid in the medical literature. Future encounters with this bacterium should not be taken lightly as it may have the potential to have fatal outcomes.
Topics: Blister; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Lower Extremity; Male; Mexico; Middle Aged; Shock, Septic
PubMed: 30388965
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-018-1866-x -
Plant Disease Nov 2020Pleurotus pulmonarius is a popular edible fungus and widely cultivated in many areas of China. In June 2018, yellow rot (more than 10% incidence) was found on the first...
Pleurotus pulmonarius is a popular edible fungus and widely cultivated in many areas of China. In June 2018, yellow rot (more than 10% incidence) was found on the first crop of P. pulmonarius fruiting bodies in a mushroom factory in Nanning, Guangxi Province, China. At first, yellow water-soaked lesions appeared in the infected fruiting bodies. Lesions then spread and purulent tissues were formed. Severe rot induced production of deformed fruiting bodies and offensive odor. Internal sections of the diseased tissue (approximately 0.5 × 0.5 cm) were sterilized in 75% alcohol for 30 s, rinsed three times with sterilized and deionized water, crushed and suspended in sterilized and deionized water. The suspension was spread on the Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. After incubation at 30°C for 2 days, dominant bacterial colonies were oyster white, smooth, convex, and circular. Individual colonies were transferred two times to LB medium using the conventional streak plate techniques to obtain the pure cultures. The cells were gram-negative, short rods, motile, and no capsules or endospores were observed. Using a BoJian Gram-negative bacteria biochemical analysis kit (5 CARDS, Hopebio, Qingdao, China), data were obtained and analyzed, showing that the isolated strain belongs to the Cedecea genus (positive for β-galactosidase, citric acid, arginine, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, D-glucose, gelatin hydrolysis and VP test but negative for H2S, urease, oxidase, indole, rhamnose, melibiose, amygdalin, lysine, ornithine, lactose, inositol and arabinose). Amplified 16S rDNA gene sequences (1,424 bp, GenBank accession No. MT925570) of the isolate using the universal primers 27f and 1492r (Lane 1991) exhibited 99.86% identity with Cedecea neteri M006 (CP009458.1). Based on its morphological characteristics, 16S rDNA sequences, and biochemical test results, the strain was identified as C. neteri. Pathogenicity tests for this strain were performed with bacterial suspensions (approximately 1 × 108 CFU/ml) after growing for 24 h in LB medium at 30°C. Mycelia of P. pulmonarius were cultivated for 60 days in plastic bags. Then young fruiting bodies were formed after induced with low temperature stimulation to serve as a host source. The prepared bacterial suspensions were directly sprayed onto the surface of three bags of fruiting bodies; another three bags were sprayed with sterilized and deionized water as negative control. All inoculated fruiting bodies were then incubated at 20°C with 90 to 95% relative humidity. All experiments were repeated three times. After 2 days, all the fruiting bodies inoculated with the bacterial suspensions showed yellow water-soaked lesions, and the normal growth of the fruiting bodies was inhibited. An offensive odor then developed along with a severe soft rot that was similar to the disease symptoms observed under natural conditions. The fruiting bodies of negative control were growing healthily with no symptoms. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by isolating bacteria from lesions on artificially inoculated fruiting bodies that were identical to the original isolates based on morphological characteristics, 16S rDNA sequences and biochemical test results. C. neteri was formally reported as a pathogen to humans that could cause bacteremia (Farmer et al. 1982). Recently, it has also been reported causing soft rot disease on mushrooms of Pholiota nameko (Yan et al. 2018) and yellow sticky disease on mushrooms of Flammulina velutipes (Yan et al. 2019). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. neteri-induced yellow rot disease of P. pulmonarius in China.
PubMed: 33141642
DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-09-20-1886-PDN -
Parasites & Vectors Feb 2022Emerging and re-emerging vector-borne diseases (VBDs) pose a recurring threat to tropical countries, mainly due to the abundance and distribution of the Aedes aegypti...
BACKGROUND
Emerging and re-emerging vector-borne diseases (VBDs) pose a recurring threat to tropical countries, mainly due to the abundance and distribution of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is a vector of the Zika, dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever arboviruses.
METHODS
Female 3-5 day-old Ae. aegypti were distributed into two experimental groups: group I-survey of cultivable bacteria; sucrose group: fed only on sucrose, i.e., non-blood-fed (UF); blood-fed group: (i) fed with non-infected blood (BF); (ii) fed with blood infected with the Zika virus (BZIKV); (iii) pretreated with penicillin/streptomycin (pen/strep), and fed with non-infected blood (TBF); (iv) pretreated with pen/strep and fed blood infected with ZIKV, i.e., gravid with developed ovaries, (TGZIKV); group II-experimental co-infections: bacteria genera isolated from the group fed on sucrose, i.e., non-blood-fed (UF).
RESULTS
Using the cultivable method and the same mosquito colony and ZIKV strain described by in a previous work, our results reveled 11 isolates (Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Cedecea, Cellulosimicrobium, Elizabethkingia, Enterobacter, Lysinibacillus, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Serratia, and Staphylococcus). Enterobacter was present in all evaluated groups (i.e., UF, BF, BZIKV, TBF, and TGZIKV), whereas Elizabethkingia was present in the UF, BZIKV, and TBF groups. Pseudomonas was present in the BZIKV and TBF groups, whereas Staphylococcus was present in the TBF and TGZIKV groups. The only genera of bacteria that were found to be present in only one group were Aeromonas, Lysinibacillus, and Serratia (UF); Cedacea, Pantoea and Acinetobacter (BF); and Cellulosimicrobium (BZIKV). The mosquitoes co-infected with ZIKV plus the isolates group fed on sucrose (UF) showed interference in the outcome of infection.
CONCLUSIONS
We demonstrate that the distinct feeding aspects assessed herein influence the composition of bacterial diversity. In the co-infection, among ZIKV, Ae. aegypti and the bacterial isolates, the ZIKV/Lysinibacillus-Ae. aegypti had the lowest number of viral copies in the head-SG, which means that it negatively affects vector competence. However, when the saliva was analyzed after forced feeding, no virus was detected in the mosquito groups ZIKV/Lysinibacillus-Lu. longipalpis and Ae. aegypti; the combination of ZIKV/Serratia may interfere in salivation. This indicates that the combinations do not produce viable viruses and may have great potential as a method of biological control.
Topics: Aedes; Animals; Female; Microbiota; Mosquito Vectors; Zika Virus; Zika Virus Infection
PubMed: 35177110
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05160-7 -
Microorganisms Aug 2021, a genus in the family, includes several opportunistic pathogens reported to cause an array of sporadic acute infections, most notably of the lung and bloodstream. One...
, a genus in the family, includes several opportunistic pathogens reported to cause an array of sporadic acute infections, most notably of the lung and bloodstream. One species, , is associated with cases of bacteremia in immunocompromised hosts and has documented resistance to different antibiotics, including β-lactams and colistin. Despite the potential to inflict serious infections, knowledge about drug resistance determinants in is limited. In this study, we utilized whole-genome sequence data available for three environmental strains (SSMD04, M006, ND14a) of and various bioinformatics tools to analyze drug resistance genes in this bacterium. All three genomes harbor multiple chromosome-encoded β-lactamase genes. A deeper analysis of β-lactamase genes in SSMD04 revealed four metallo-β-lactamases, a novel variant, and a CMY/ACT-type AmpC putatively regulated by a divergently transcribed AmpR. Homologs of known resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND)-type multidrug efflux pumps such as OqxB, AcrB, AcrD, and MdtBC were also identified. Genomic island prediction for SSMD04 indicated that , involved in drug and toxin export across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, was acquired by a transposase-mediated genetic transfer mechanism. Our study provides new insights into drug resistance mechanisms of an environmental microorganism capable of behaving as a clinically relevant opportunistic pathogen.
PubMed: 34442820
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081741 -
New Microbes and New Infections Jul 2020is rarely known to cause infections in humans. We report the first case of pneumonia and septic shock caused by in a 38-year-old man in Vietnam. may be an emerging...
is rarely known to cause infections in humans. We report the first case of pneumonia and septic shock caused by in a 38-year-old man in Vietnam. may be an emerging infectious agent in humans.
PubMed: 32612841
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100698 -
The American Journal of Case Reports 2013Female, 77.
PATIENT
Female, 77.
FINAL DIAGNOSIS
Bacteremia.
SYMPTOMS
Chills • diarrhea • fever • nausea.
MEDICATION
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CLINICAL PROCEDURE
X-Ray • CBC • urine and blood cultur.
SPECIALTY
Infectious diseases.
OBJECTIVE
Rare disease.
BACKGROUND
Cedecea davisae is a gram negative, oxidase negative bacilli that include 5 species. In the medical literature there are very few reports that describe infections caused by different species of the Cedecea genus.
CASE REPORT
In this paper we report a fourth case of bacteremia in a 77 year-old patient with a chronic renal disease that was successfully treated with ceftazidim and ciprofloxacin. Additionally, we present a review of all the reported infections that were caused by C. davisae.
CONCLUSIONS
Five cases (not including our report) of Cedecea bacteremia were reported so far. Cedecea infections and particularly C. davisae infections can be difficult to treat due to the antibiotic resistance of the bacterium. Therefore we propose to consider treating C. davisae bacteremia with a combined antibiotic treatment until getting laboratory results for antibiotic-sensitivity tests.
PubMed: 23826472
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.889285