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Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Aug 2012In principle, to achieve the most natural and harmonious rejuvenation of the face, all changes that result from the aging process should be corrected. Traditionally,... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
In principle, to achieve the most natural and harmonious rejuvenation of the face, all changes that result from the aging process should be corrected. Traditionally, soft tissue lifting and redraping have constituted the cornerstone of most facial rejuvenation procedures. Changes in the facial skeleton that occur with aging and their impact on facial appearance have not been well appreciated. Accordingly, failure to address changes in the skeletal foundation of the face may limit the potential benefit of any rejuvenation procedure. Correction of the skeletal framework is increasingly viewed as the new frontier in facial rejuvenation. It currently is clear that certain areas of the facial skeleton undergo resorption with aging. Areas with a strong predisposition to resorption include the midface skeleton, particularly the maxilla including the pyriform region of the nose, the superomedial and inferolateral aspects of the orbital rim, and the prejowl area of the mandible. These areas resorb in a specific and predictable manner with aging. The resultant deficiencies of the skeletal foundation contribute to the stigmata of the aging face. In patients with a congenitally weak skeletal structure, the skeleton may be the primary cause for the manifestations of premature aging. These areas should be specifically examined in patients undergoing facial rejuvenation and addressed to obtain superior aesthetic results.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Topics: Adult; Aging; Cheek; Facial Bones; Humans; Middle Aged; Nose; Orbit; Prostheses and Implants; Prosthesis Implantation; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Rejuvenation; Zygoma
PubMed: 22580543
DOI: 10.1007/s00266-012-9904-3 -
The Nigerian Postgraduate Medical... 2022The clinical uses of ultrasonography have varied and increased over time, especially the ability of ultrasonographic measured parameters to predict the outcomes of...
BACKGROUND
The clinical uses of ultrasonography have varied and increased over time, especially the ability of ultrasonographic measured parameters to predict the outcomes of labour. The proper understanding of the association between these ultrasonographic parameters, mode of delivery, adverse maternal and foetal outcomes will further improve patient counselling as well as the planning of intrapartum care.
AIM
The study explored the ultrasonographic measurement of foetal head circumference (HC) and cheek-to-cheek diameter (CCD) at term as predictors of labour outcomes.
METHODOLOGY
Eligible pregnant women at term were recruited from the antenatal clinic and had obstetric ultrasound scans done with HC and CCD measured. Maternal and foetal outcomes were measured and included progress in labour, obstetric lacerations, mode of delivery and suspected foetal distress. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.
RESULTS
One hundred and thirty-two patients were recruited into the study. Foetal HC measurements ≥35 cm were closely associated with caesarean delivery odds ratio - 2.40 (95% confidence interval - 1.02-5.66. P = 0.046). Neither CCD nor CCD/HC ratio was predictive of the modes of delivery. The occurrence of perineal lacerations and poor progress of labour were observed more frequently with increasing HC and CCD.
CONCLUSIONS
HC performed well in predicting caesarean delivery as well as perinatal outcomes among parturients. The ultrasonographic measured HC (≥35 cm) is associated with a higher incidence of both obstetric interventions for poor progress of labour and adverse perinatal outcomes in comparison to CCD. The association between HC and labour dystocia was found to be linear. The CCD did not perform well as a predictor of the mode of delivery.
Topics: Cesarean Section; Cheek; Female; Humans; Labor, Obstetric; Lacerations; Nigeria; Pregnancy
PubMed: 35488580
DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_739_21 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jul 2018
Topics: Aged; Cheek; Denmark; Female; Humans; Leishmania donovani; Leishmania infantum; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous; Spain; Travel-Related Illness
PubMed: 29984701
DOI: No ID Found -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jul 2020
Topics: Cheek; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Medical Illustration; Middle Aged; Mucositis; Palate, Soft; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pharynx; Plasma Cells; Singing
PubMed: 31072192
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319849001 -
Journal of Biomedical Optics Aug 2022The creation of subepithelial voids within scarred vocal folds via ultrafast laser ablation may help in localization of injectable biomaterials toward a clinically...
SIGNIFICANCE
The creation of subepithelial voids within scarred vocal folds via ultrafast laser ablation may help in localization of injectable biomaterials toward a clinically viable therapy for vocal fold scarring.
AIM
We aim to prove that subepithelial voids can be created in a live animal model and that the ablation process does not engender additional scar formation. We demonstrate localization and long-term retention of an injectable biomaterial within subepithelial voids.
APPROACH
A benchtop nonlinear microscope was used to create subepithelial voids within healthy and scarred cheek pouches of four Syrian hamsters. A model biomaterial, polyethylene glycol tagged with rhodamine dye, was then injected into these voids using a custom injection setup. Follow-up imaging studies at 1- and 2-week time points were performed using the same benchtop nonlinear microscope. Subsequent histology assessed void morphology and biomaterial retention.
RESULTS
Focused ultrashort pulses can be used to create large subepithelial voids in vivo. Our analysis suggests that the ablation process does not introduce any scar formation. Moreover, these studies indicate localization, and, more importantly, long-term retention of the model biomaterial injected into these voids. Both nonlinear microscopy and histological examination indicate the presence of biomaterial-filled voids in healthy and scarred cheek pouches 2 weeks postoperation.
CONCLUSIONS
We successfully demonstrated subepithelial void formation, biomaterial injection, and biomaterial retention in a live animal model. This pilot study is an important step toward clinical acceptance of a new type of therapy for vocal fold scarring. Future long-term studies on large animals will utilize a miniaturized surgical probe to further assess the clinical viability of such a therapy.
Topics: Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Cheek; Cicatrix; Cricetinae; Mesocricetus; Pilot Projects; Vocal Cords
PubMed: 36008882
DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.27.8.080501 -
The Kurume Medical Journal Jul 2023The superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) was advocated by Mitz and Peyronie in 1976. The concept of this superficial fascia was established by surgical findings...
The superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) was advocated by Mitz and Peyronie in 1976. The concept of this superficial fascia was established by surgical findings of facelift surgery and is familiar to plastic surgeons and anatomists. However, detailed characteristics of this fascia are still not widely known among head and neck surgeons. Moreover, the SMAS is generally located at the parotid and cheek regions and divides facial fat into superficial and deep layers. The SMAS connects to the superficial temporal fascia cranially and to the platysma caudally. The frontal muscle and the peripheral part of the orbicularis oculi are also in the same plane. The exact expanse of the SMAS in the face is controversial. Some authors claimed that the SMAS exists in the upper lip, whereas others denied the continuity of the SMAS to the superficial temporal fascia in a histological study. There are various other opinions regarding SMAS aside from those mentioned above. The concept of the SMAS is very important for facial soft tissue surgeries because the SMAS is a good surgical landmark to avoid facial nerve injuries. Therefore, this article summarized SMAS from an anatomical point of view.
Topics: Humans; Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System; Subcutaneous Tissue; Fascia; Rhytidoplasty; Cheek
PubMed: 37062726
DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.MS682008 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger May 2018
Topics: Aged; Cheek; Denmark; Female; Humans; Leishmania donovani; Leishmania infantum; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous; Spain; Travel-Related Illness
PubMed: 29804562
DOI: No ID Found -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jul 2022To describe the management of a 5-year old female with a painless, mobile cheek mass.
OBJECTIVES
To describe the management of a 5-year old female with a painless, mobile cheek mass.
METHODS
A retrospective chart review of presentation, imaging, pathology and management.
RESULTS
Magnetic resonance imaging showed a heterogenous mass with solid and lipomatous components. The mass was a lipoblastoma on histopathology and was excised completely with no evidence of recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS
The diagnosis and management of a cheek mass in a child is challenging. Imaging is important but not diagnostic. Surgical excision is the primary management of a lipoblastoma.
Topics: Cheek; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Lipoblastoma; Lipoma; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32998514
DOI: 10.1177/0145561320964270 -
Journal of Anatomy May 2022The platysma of the rhesus monkey consists of two parts: a platysma myoides located similar to the human platysma, and a platysma cervicale passing the dorsal cervical...
The platysma of the rhesus monkey consists of two parts: a platysma myoides located similar to the human platysma, and a platysma cervicale passing the dorsal cervical region and being in contact with the cheek pouch. Our investigation showed that the muscle fiber morphology was comparable in both parts. Muscle spindles were only present in regions connected to the cheek pouch and contained only nuclear chain fibers. It is tempting to speculate that they sense the filling of the cheek pouch rather than mimic activities.
Topics: Animals; Cheek; Macaca mulatta; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle Spindles; Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System
PubMed: 34893983
DOI: 10.1111/joa.13604 -
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za... Feb 2018To review the research progress of midfacial fat compartments, and to thoroughly understand its current state of the anatomy and the aging morphologic characters of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To review the research progress of midfacial fat compartments, and to thoroughly understand its current state of the anatomy and the aging morphologic characters of midfacial fat compartments, as well as the current status of clinical applications.
METHODS
The recent literature concerning the midfacial fat compartments and related clinical applications were extensively reviewed and analyzed.
RESULTS
Midfacial fat layer has been considered as a fusion and a continuous layer, experiencing a global atrophy when aging. As more anatomical researches have done, recent studies have shown that midfacial fat layer is broadly divided into superficial and deep layers, which are both divided into different fat compartments by fascia, ligaments, or muscles. Midfacial fat compartments tend to atrophy with age, specifically in the deep fat compartments while hypertrophy in the superficial fat compartments. Clinical applications show that fat volumetric restoration with deep medial cheek fat and Ristow's space can restore the appearance of midface effectively.
CONCLUSION
In recent years, the researches of midfacial fat compartments have achieved obvious progress, which will provide new ideas and basis for fat volumetric restoration. Corresponding treatments are selected based on different sites and different layers with different aging changes, reshaping a more youthful midface.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aging; Cadaver; Cheek; Face; Fascia; Humans; Ligaments; Muscles; Subcutaneous Fat
PubMed: 29806420
DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201710088