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Medicine Nov 2016Accurate body temperature (BT) measurement is critical for immediate and correct estimation of core BT; measurement of changes in BT can provide physicians the initial... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Accurate body temperature (BT) measurement is critical for immediate and correct estimation of core BT; measurement of changes in BT can provide physicians the initial information for selecting appropriate diagnostic approach and may prevent unnecessary diagnostic investigation. This study aimed to assess differences in tympanic and temporal temperatures among patients with fever in different conditions, especially in those with and without chills. This prospective study included patients from the emergency department between 2011 and 2012. All temperature measurements were obtained using tympanic thermometers and infrared skin thermometers. Differences in tympanic and temporal temperatures were analyzed according to 6 age groups, 5 ambient temperature groups, and 6 tympanic and temporal temperature subgroups. General linear model analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used to estimate the differences in mean tympanic and temporal temperatures. Of the 710 patients enrolled, 246 had tympanic temperature more than 38.0°C, including 46 with chills (18.7%). Fourteen patients (3.0%) had chills and tympanic temperature less than 38°C. In the tympanic temperature subgroup of 39.0 to less than 39.5°C, approximately one-third of the patients had chills (32.3%). In the tympanic temperature subgroup of 38.0 to less than 39.0°C, the tympanic temperature was 0.4°C higher than the temporal temperature in patients without chills and 0.9°C higher in patients with chills. In the tympanic temperature subgroup of 39.0°C or more, tympanic temperature was 0.7°C higher than temporal temperature in patients without chills and 0.8°C higher in patients with chills. Temporal thermometer is more reliable in the age group of less than 1 year and 18 to less than 65 years. When the patients show tympanic temperature range of 38.0 to less than 39.0°C, 0.4°C should be added for patients without chills and 0.9°C for patients with chills to obtain core temperature. However, in patients with tympanic temperature of 39.0°C or more, 0.7°C to 0.8°C should be added, regardless of the presence of chills.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Body Temperature; Child; Child, Preschool; Chills; Female; Fever; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Thermometers; Tympanic Membrane; Young Adult
PubMed: 27858893
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005267 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Jun 2020Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading worldwide. Although 10-20% of patients with COVID-19 have severe symptoms, little is known about the risk factors...
BACKGROUND
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading worldwide. Although 10-20% of patients with COVID-19 have severe symptoms, little is known about the risk factors related to the aggravation of COVID-19 symptoms from asymptomatic or mild to severe disease states.
METHODS
This retrospective study included 211 patients who were asymptomatic or with mild presentations of COVID-19. We evaluated the differences in demographic and clinical data between the cured (discharged to home) and transferred (aggravated to severe-stage COVID-19) groups.
RESULTS
A multivariate logistic analysis showed that body temperature, chills, initial chest X-ray findings, and the presence of diabetes were significantly associated with predicting the progression to severe stage of COVID-19 (p < 0.05). The odds ratio of transfer in patients with COVID-19 increased by 12.7-fold for abnormal findings such as haziness or consolidation in initial chest X-ray, 6.32-fold for initial symptom of chills, and 64.1-fold for diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
Even if patients are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, clinicians should closely observe patients with COVID-19 presenting with chills, body temperature > 37.5 °C, findings of pneumonia in chest X-ray, or diabetes.
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Cohort Studies; Coronavirus Infections; Diabetes Complications; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Odds Ratio; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Republic of Korea; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32576139
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05144-x -
PloS One 2022Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) has imposed catastrophic impressions on the world. After all the focused researches conducted in the COVID-19...
INTRODUCTION
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) has imposed catastrophic impressions on the world. After all the focused researches conducted in the COVID-19 area, many features remain obscure. We have surveyed 1,363 outpatients with suspected COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran. The analysis emphasized on characteristics of patients with positive PCR or serology of SARS-CoV-2.
METHODS
The nasopharyngeal swabs were tested for SARS-CoV2 PCR. Serum specimens were tested for SARS-CoV2 IgG and IgM. Clinical presentations of the patients, history of chronic diseases or drug use, contact with a possible COVID-19 patient and previous infection with SARS-COV2 were investigated.
RESULTS
Of the total 1,363 investigated patients, 22% had positive SARS-CoV-2 PCRs, 82% had positive IgG, 38% had positive IgM, and 31% had both positive IgM and IgG values. Positive serologic tests were significantly associated with a positive PCR test obtained previously in the course of the current disease (P value<0.001). IgG and IgM antibody values were significantly associated with underlying disease, cough, fever, chills, fatigue, and myalgia (all P values <0.001). Dyspnea was significantly associated with IgG levels (P value = 0.01), yet it was not associated with IgM serology (P value = 0.2). Positive serology tests were not associated with symptoms of coryza. GI symptoms were not associated with positive IgG test (P value = 0.1), yet it did show an association with positive IgM test (P value = 0.02). Cough, fever, chills, myalgia fatigue, dyspnea, and GI symptoms were all significantly associated with positive PCR (all P values <0.001), and symptoms of coryza did not show a significant relationship (P value = 0.8).
CONCLUSION
Assessing antibody titers in outpatients is invaluable due to the epidemiological importance of investigations in mild or even asymptomatic cases. Since the number of such studies in non-hospitalized patients is not high, the current study can be used as a comparison model.
Topics: Antibodies, Viral; COVID-19; Chills; Cough; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dyspnea; Fatigue; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Iran; Myalgia; RNA, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; Serologic Tests
PubMed: 35421183
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266923 -
Mediators of Inflammation 2023To observe the effects of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy on immune cells and related toxic side effects in patients with refractory acute...
OBJECTIVE
To observe the effects of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy on immune cells and related toxic side effects in patients with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted in 35 patients with refractory ALL. The patients were treated with CAR-T cell therapy in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021. The efficacy was evaluated at one and three months post treatments. The venous blood of the patients was collected before treatment, 1 month after treatment, and 3 months after treatment. The percentage of regulatory T cells (Treg cells), natural killer (NK) cells, and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells) was detected by flow cytometry. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was calculated. Patient's toxic side effects such as fever, chills, gastrointestinal bleeding, nervous system symptoms, digestive system symptoms, abnormal liver function, and blood coagulation dysfunction were monitored and recorded. The incidence of toxic and side effects was calculated, and the incidence of infection was recorded.
RESULTS
After one month of CAR-T cell therapy in 35 patients with ALL, the efficacy evaluation showed that complete response (CR) patients accounted for 68.57%, CR with incomplete hematological recovery (CRi) patients accounted for 22.86%, and partial disease (PD) patients accounted for 8.57%, and the total effective rate was 91.43%. In addition, compared with that before treatment, the Treg cell level in CR+CRi patients treated for 1 month and 3 months decreased prominently, and the NK cell level increased dramatically ( < 0.05). Compared with that before treatment, the levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ in patients with CR+CRi in the 1-month and 3-month groups were markedly higher, and the levels of CD4+/CD8+ in the 3-month group were memorably higher than those in the 1-month group ( < 0.05). During CAR-T cell therapy in 35 patients with ALL, fever accounted for 62.86%, chills for 20.00%, gastrointestinal bleeding for 8.57%, nervous system symptoms for 14.29%, digestive system symptoms for 28.57%, abnormal liver function for 11.43%, and coagulation dysfunction for 8.57%. These side effects were all relieved after symptomatic treatment. During the course of CAR-T therapy in 35 patients with ALL, 2 patients had biliary tract infection and 13 patients had lung infection. No correlations were found between the infection and age, gender, CRS grade, usage of glucocorticoids or tocilizumab, and laboratory indicators such as WBC, ANC, PLT, and Hb ( > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
CAR-T cell therapy had a good effect on patients with refractory ALL by regulating the immune function of the body via mediating the content of immune cells. CAR-T cell therapy may have therapeutic effect on refractory ALL patients with mild side effects and high safety.
Topics: Humans; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen; Chills; Retrospective Studies; Fever; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy
PubMed: 37304661
DOI: 10.1155/2023/2702882 -
Transfusion and Apheresis Science :... Feb 2010Storage at room temperature is limited to 5 days because of the risk of bacterial growth and loss of platelet functionality. Platelet refrigeration remains impossible,... (Review)
Review
Storage at room temperature is limited to 5 days because of the risk of bacterial growth and loss of platelet functionality. Platelet refrigeration remains impossible, because once chilled, platelets are rapidly removed from circulation. Chilling platelets (<4h) clusters glycoprotein (GP) Ibalpha receptors, and beta(2) integrins on hepatic macrophages recognize clustered beta GlcNAc residues leading to rapid clearance of acutely chilled platelets. Prolonged refrigeration increases the exposure of galactose residues such that, unexpectedly, hepatocytes remove platelets using their asialoglycoprotein receptors. Here we review current knowledge of the mechanisms of platelet removal, the existing knowledge of refrigerated platelet function, and methods to preserve platelet concentrates long-term for transfusion.
Topics: Animals; Asialoglycoprotein Receptor; Blood Platelets; Blood Preservation; Cell Shape; Cell Survival; Cold Temperature; Galactose; Hepatocytes; Humans; Lectins; Mice; Phagocytosis; Platelet Activation; Platelet Count; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; Platelet Transfusion; Refrigeration; Time Factors
PubMed: 19932055
DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2009.10.008 -
Acta Medica Iranica 2011This study compared the effects of anesthesia with isoflurane and TIVA (total intravenous anesthesia) on the intensity of body temperature reduction during anesthesia... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of the effects of anesthesia with isoflurane and total intravenous anesthesia on the intensity of body temperature reduction during anesthesia and incidence of postoperative chills.
This study compared the effects of anesthesia with isoflurane and TIVA (total intravenous anesthesia) on the intensity of body temperature reduction during anesthesia and incidence of chills after lumbar disc surgery. The study was done as a single blinded randomized clinical trial. From 60 patients who underwent lumbar disc surgery, 30 subjects were placed in isoflurane group and 30 in the TIVA group. Maintenance of anesthesia was done with isoflurane (MAC=0.8-1) and N(2)O 50% in isoflurane group and in TIVA group with propofol at the dose of 100-150 mg /kg body weight /minute and remifentanil at the dose of 2.0 mg /kg body weight/minute. Chills rate was recorded in recovery room. Changes in body temperature, body surface temperature, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate showed no significant difference between the two groups before and after induction and at different times during the operation (P<0.05). Chill rate was not significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). It seems that TIVA (remifentanil at the dose of 2.0 µg/kg body weight/minute in combination with propofol at the dose of 100-150 µg/kg body weight/minute) and 0.81 MAC isoflurane-N(2)O 50% can be used as a safe method of anesthesia in patients with good tolerance lumbar back disc surgery without hypothermia, chills and considerable hemodynamic changes.
Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Body Temperature; Chills; Humans; Incidence; Infusions, Intravenous; Isoflurane; Single-Blind Method
PubMed: 21960073
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports Apr 2017People sometimes experience a strong emotional response to artworks. Previous studies have demonstrated that the peak emotional experience of chills (goose bumps or...
People sometimes experience a strong emotional response to artworks. Previous studies have demonstrated that the peak emotional experience of chills (goose bumps or shivers) when listening to music involves psychophysiological arousal and a rewarding effect. However, many aspects of peak emotion are still not understood. The current research takes a new perspective of peak emotional response of tears (weeping, lump in the throat). A psychophysiological experiment showed that self-reported chills increased electrodermal activity and subjective arousal whereas tears produced slow respiration during heartbeat acceleration, although both chills and tears induced pleasure and deep breathing. A song that induced chills was perceived as being both happy and sad whereas a song that induced tears was perceived as sad. A tear-eliciting song was perceived as calmer than a chill-eliciting song. These results show that tears involve pleasure from sadness and that they are psychophysiologically calming; thus, psychophysiological responses permit the distinction between chills and tears. Because tears may have a cathartic effect, the functional significance of chills and tears seems to be different. We believe that the distinction of two types of peak emotions is theoretically relevant and further study of tears would contribute to more understanding of human peak emotional response.
Topics: Adolescent; Analysis of Variance; Chills; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Music; Psychophysiology; Tears
PubMed: 28387335
DOI: 10.1038/srep46063 -
Scientific Data Dec 2023We significantly enriched ChillsDB, a dataset of audiovisual stimuli validated to elicit aesthetic chills. A total of 2,937 participants from Southern California were...
We significantly enriched ChillsDB, a dataset of audiovisual stimuli validated to elicit aesthetic chills. A total of 2,937 participants from Southern California were exposed to 40 stimuli, consisting of 20 stimuli (10 from ChillsDB and 10 new) presented either in audiovisual or audio-only formats. Questionnaires were administered assessing demographics, personality traits, state affect, and political orientation. Detailed data on chills responses is captured alongside participants' ratings of the stimuli. The dataset combines controlled elicitation of chills using previously validated materials with individual difference measures to enable investigation of predictors and correlates of aesthetic chills phenomena. It aims to support continued research on the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of aesthetic chills responses.
Topics: Humans; California; Chills; Esthetics; Individuality; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38129439
DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02816-6 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2023Sage by-product extracts (SE) are a valuable source of phenolic acids and flavonoids for food applications. The objective was to test two SE as antioxidants in...
Sage by-product extracts (SE) are a valuable source of phenolic acids and flavonoids for food applications. The objective was to test two SE as antioxidants in pasteurised chilled yoghurt sauces against oxidation. Two SE of different polyphenol total content and profile were selected: SE38 (37.6 mg/g) and SE70 (69.8 mg/g), with salvianic and rosmarinic acid as the main polyphenols, respectively. Four experimental low-fat yoghurt sauces were formulated: untreated; SE70/2 (0.16 g/kg); SE38 (0.3 g/kg); and SE70 (0.3 g/kg). The stability of phenolic acids, microbiological quality (mesophilic bacteria, moulds and yeasts, and ), and oxidative stability (lipids, colour, and pH) were studied in the sauces after pasteurisation at 70 °C for 30 min (day 0) and stored by refrigeration (day 42). Pasteurisation and further chilling ensured the microbiological quality and inhibition of microbial growth could not be evidenced, although SE70 showed some antimicrobial potential. Both SE showed good properties as antioxidants for yoghurt sauces. This finding was based on two results: (i) their main polyphenols, salvianic and rosmarinic acids, resisted to mild pasteurisation and remained quite stable during shelf life; and (ii) SE improved radical scavenging capacity, delayed primary and secondary lipid oxidation, and increased colour stability, contributing to sauce stabilisation. SE38 had a better antioxidant profile than SE70; therefore, the selection criteria for SE should be based on both quantity and type of polyphenols. Due to their stability and antioxidant properties, sage polyphenols can be used as natural antioxidants for clean-label yoghurt sauces.
PubMed: 36829923
DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020364 -
Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... Apr 2003The chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab has become part of the standard therapy for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). To date, more than 300 000... (Review)
Review
The chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab has become part of the standard therapy for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). To date, more than 300 000 patients have been treated with rituximab worldwide, including patients with indolent and aggressive NHL, Hodgkin's disease and other B-cell malignancies. Combination of rituximab with cytotoxic agents or cytokines has been explored in a number of different studies. Rituximab is now also approved for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma when combined with standard CHOP chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone). The monoclonal antibody is generally well tolerated. Most adverse events are infusion-associated, including chills, fever and rigor related to the release of cytokines.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Autoimmune Diseases; Chills; Cyclophosphamide; Doxorubicin; Fever; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Multiple Myeloma; Prednisone; Rituximab; Treatment Outcome; Vincristine
PubMed: 12649096
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdg175