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Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2021Carbapenemase-producing including KPC-2 producers, have become a major clinical problem. During an outbreak in Quebec City, Canada, KPC-2-producing and were isolated...
Carbapenemase-producing including KPC-2 producers, have become a major clinical problem. During an outbreak in Quebec City, Canada, KPC-2-producing and were isolated from a patient six weeks apart. We determined their complete genome sequences. Both isolates carried nearly identical IncN2 plasmids with KPC-2 on a Tn element. Both strains also carried IncP1 plasmids, but that of did not carry a Beta-lactamase gene, whereas that of carried a second copy of on Tn. These results suggest recent plasmid transfer between the two species and a recent transposition event.
PubMed: 34827346
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111408 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Oct 2022The NG-Test CTX-M MULTI immunochromatographic assay has been developed to identify CTX-M-type β-lactamases in Enterobacterales, being the most widespread...
The NG-Test CTX-M MULTI immunochromatographic assay has been developed to identify CTX-M-type β-lactamases in Enterobacterales, being the most widespread extended-spectrum β-lactamases. We showed here that the chromosomally-encoded ß-lactamases from Citrobacter farmeri and Citrobacter amalonaticus generated false-positive NG-Test CTX-M MULTI results, compromising the specificity of the test.
Topics: Citrobacter; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 35940102
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115760 -
PeerJ 2016Many biotechnological and industrial applications can benefit from cold-adapted EglCs through increased efficiency of catalytic processes at low temperature. In our...
BACKGROUND
Many biotechnological and industrial applications can benefit from cold-adapted EglCs through increased efficiency of catalytic processes at low temperature. In our previous study, A1 which was isolated from a wood-inhabiting termite could secrete a cold-adapted EglC. However, its EglC was difficult to purify for enzymatic properties detection because of its low activity (0.8 U/ml). The objective of the present study was to clone and express the gene in to improve production level and determine the enzymatic properties of the recombinant enzyme.
METHODS
The gene was cloned from A1 by thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR. was transformed into vector pET22b and functionally expressed in . The recombination protein EglC22b was purified for properties detection.
RESULTS
SDS-PAGE revealed that the molecular mass of the recombinant endoglucanase was approximately 42 kDa. The activity of the pET22b-EglC crude extract was 9.5 U/ml. Additionally, it was active at pH 6.5-8.0 with an optimum pH of 7.0. The recombinant enzyme had an optimal temperature of 30-40 °C and exhibited >50% relative activity even at 5 °C, whereas it lost approximately 90% of its activity after incubation at 60 °C for 30 min. Its activity was enhanced by Co and Fe, but inhibited by Cd, Zn, Li, Triton X-100, DMSO, acetonitrile, Tween 80, SDS, and EDTA.
CONCLUSION
These biochemical properties indicate that the recombinant enzyme is a cold-adapted endoglucanase that can be used for various industrial applications.
PubMed: 27843715
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2679 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2018Two Gram-negative bacilli strains, designated BP-1(T) and BP-2, were recovered from two different Intensive Care Unit surfaces during a longitudinal survey in Pakistan....
Two Gram-negative bacilli strains, designated BP-1(T) and BP-2, were recovered from two different Intensive Care Unit surfaces during a longitudinal survey in Pakistan. Both strains were unidentified using the bioMerieux VITEK MS IVD v2.3.3 and Bruker BioTyper MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry platforms. To more precisely determine the taxonomic identity of BP-1(T) and BP-2, we employed a biochemical and phylogenomic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain BP-1(T) had the highest identity to CDC 2991-81(T) (98.63%) CECT 863(T) (98.56%), NBRC 105722(T) (97.74%) and NBRC 105723(T) (97.74%). The biochemical utilization scheme of BP-1(T) using the Analytic Profile Index for Enterobacteriaceae (API20E) indicated its enzymatic functions are unique within the Enterobacteriaceae but most closely resemble spp., and . Phylogenomic analysis of the shared genes between BP-1(T), BP-2 and type strains from and indicate that BP-1(T) and BP-2 isolates form a distinct branch from these genera. Average Nucleotide Identity analysis indicates that BP-1(T) and BP-2 are the same species. The biochemical and phylogenomic analysis indicate strains BP-1(T) and BP-2 represent a novel species from a new genus within the Enterobacteriaceae family, for which the name gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is BP-1(T) (= ATCC BAA-2937, = NBRC 113412).
PubMed: 30079059
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01629 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Nov 2000A member of the Enterobacteriaceae initially identified as Kluyvera cryocrescens by the MicroScan Gram-Negative Combo 13 panel caused an outbreak of nosocomial...
Outbreak of nosocomial infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains of enteric group 137, a new member of the family Enterobacteriaceae closely related to Citrobacter farmeri and Citrobacter amalonaticus.
A member of the Enterobacteriaceae initially identified as Kluyvera cryocrescens by the MicroScan Gram-Negative Combo 13 panel caused an outbreak of nosocomial infections in four patients (pneumonia, n = 2; urinary tract infection, n = 1; wound infection, n = 1) and urinary tract colonization in one patient. When the strains were tested by the Enteric Reference Laboratory of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, biochemical results were most compatible with Yersinia intermedia, Kluyvera cryocrescens, and Citrobacter farmeri but identification scores were low and test results were discrepant. However, when the biochemical test profile was placed in the computer database as a new organism, all strains were identified as the organism with high identification scores (0. 999968 to 0.999997) and no discrepant test results. By 16S rRNA sequence analysis the organism clustered most closely with, but was distinct from, Citrobacter farmeri and Citrobacter amalonaticus. Based on its unique biochemical profile and rRNA sequence, this organism is designated Enteric Group 137. Restriction endonuclease analysis and taxonomic antibiograms of strains causing the outbreak demonstrated a single clone of Enteric Group 137, and antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) resistance. Enteric Group 137 appears to be a new opportunistic pathogen that can serve as a source of ESBL resistance in the hospital.
Topics: Aged; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; Citrobacter; Cross Infection; Disease Outbreaks; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Molecular Epidemiology; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; United States; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 11060050
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.38.11.3946-3952.2000 -
Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Europeen... Apr 2024In 2019-2022, a prolonged outbreak of oxacillinase (OXA)-48-producing due to a persistent environmental contamination, occurred in our haematology intensive care unit....
In 2019-2022, a prolonged outbreak of oxacillinase (OXA)-48-producing due to a persistent environmental contamination, occurred in our haematology intensive care unit. In April 2019, we isolated OXA-48-producing from rectal samples of two patients in weekly screenings. The cases had stayed in the same hospital room but 4 months apart. We screened five patients who had stayed in this room between the two cases and identified a third case. Over the following 3 years, five other cases were detected, the last case in September 2022. In total, eight cases were detected: seven colonised with the bacterium and one infected with a lethal outcome. All cases stayed in the same hospital room. We detected OXA-48-producing from a shower, washbasin drains and wastewater drainage of the bathroom of the hospital room. Molecular typing confirmed that all isolates from the environment and the cases were indistinguishable. Despite bundle measures to control the outbreak, the bacterium persisted in the system, which resulted in transmission to new patients. A design defect in the placement of wastewater drains contributed to the persistence and proliferation of the bacterium. The room was closed after the last case and the bathroom rebuilt.
Topics: Humans; Wastewater; Cross Infection; beta-Lactamases; Bacterial Proteins; Disease Outbreaks; Hospitals; Critical Care; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Citrobacter
PubMed: 38577805
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.14.2300386 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Apr 2010We describe the case of an adult male with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who had meningitis caused by Citrobacter farmeri. The isolate was confirmed as C. farmeri by two...
We describe the case of an adult male with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who had meningitis caused by Citrobacter farmeri. The isolate was confirmed as C. farmeri by two commercial identification systems and 16S rRNA gene analysis. The patient developed multiorgan failure and died despite antibiotic treatment with in vitro active agents (ceftriaxone and meropenem).
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Citrobacter; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Bacterial; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 20181904
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00282-10 -
Biomolecular Concepts Dec 2021The main objective of the current study was to improve the essential oil contents of L. using bio-inoculation with bacterial endophytes. Therefore, out of fourteen...
The main objective of the current study was to improve the essential oil contents of L. using bio-inoculation with bacterial endophytes. Therefore, out of fourteen endophytic bacterial isolates obtained from roots of , five isolates were selected based on the highest nitrogen-fixation and phosphate solubilization activity and identified as: T9r, T10r, T11r, T12r, and T13r. These five strains have been recorded as ammonia, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophores, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producers. These strains have the efficacy to fix-nitrogen by reduction of acetylene with values of 82.133±1.4-346.6±1.4 n-mole-CH/ml/24 h. The IAA, gibberellic acid, abscisic acid, benzyl, kinten, and ziaten production were confirmed using HPLC. Two strains of T11r and T13r showed the highest plant growth-promoting properties and were selected for bio-inoculation of individually or in a consortium with different mineral fertilization doses (0, 50, 75, and 100%) under field conditions. The highest growth performance was attained with the endophytic consortium (T11r+T13r) in the presence of 100% mineral fertilization. The GC-MS analysis of thyme oil contents showed the presence of 23 various compounds with varying percentages and the thymol fraction represented the highest percentages (39.1%) in the presence of the bacterial consortium.
Topics: Endophytes; Oils, Volatile; Plant Development; Plant Oils; Thymol; Thymus Plant
PubMed: 35041305
DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2021-0019 -
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and... 2022Emerging evidence has revealed that gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (TDM) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However,...
PURPOSE
Emerging evidence has revealed that gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (TDM) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, few studies have used metagenomic sequencing to analyze the alterations of gut microbiota community in patients with early-stage DKD.
METHODS
We carried out metagenomic sequencing in fecal samples of 10 DKD patients (DKD group) and 10 TDM patients who appeared to be less prone to DKD (non-DKD group), aiming to compare the composition and function of gut microbiota between the DKD and non-DKD groups.
RESULTS
The gut microbial community of the DKD group was significantly different from that of the non-DKD group, characterized by a marked increase in phylum Proteobacteria, genus , species, unclassified, and . The amounts of species and were significantly and positively correlated with the urinary albumin creatinine ratio in the DKD group. Furthermore, functional analysis based on dbCAN and KEGG databases showed aberrant lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in the gut microbiome of the DKD group.
CONCLUSION
Our findings provided evidence for alterations in the composition and function of gut microbiota in patients with DKD versus the non-DKD group. These data may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the pathological mechanisms of DKD.
PubMed: 35280499
DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S347805 -
Journal of Bacteriology Jun 2001Arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity has been described in various bacterial species. Bacterial N-acetyltransferases, including those from bacteria of the gut flora,...
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity has been described in various bacterial species. Bacterial N-acetyltransferases, including those from bacteria of the gut flora, may be involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics, thereby exerting physiopathological effects. We characterized these enzymes further by steady-state kinetics, time-dependent inhibition, and DNA hybridization in 40 species, mostly from the human intestinal microflora. We report for the first time N-acetyltransferase activity in 11 species of Proteobacteriaceae from seven genera: Citrobacter amalonaticus, Citrobacter farmeri, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella ozaenae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis, Morganella morganii, Serratia marcescens, Shigella flexneri, Plesiomonas shigelloides, and Vibrio cholerae. We estimated apparent kinetic parameters and found that 5-aminosalicylic acid, a compound efficient in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, was acetylated with a catalytic efficiency 27 to 645 times higher than that for its isomer, 4-aminosalicylic acid. In contrast, para-aminobenzoic acid, a folate precursor in bacteria, was poorly acetylated. Of the wild-type strains studied, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the best acetylator in terms of both substrate spectrum and catalytic efficiency. DNA hybridization with a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-derived probe suggested the presence of this enzyme in eight proteobacterial and four gram-positive species. Molecular aspects together with the kinetic data suggest distinct functional features for this class of microbial enzymes.
Topics: Acetylation; Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; Blotting, Southern; Colon; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Kinetics; Mesalamine; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Proteobacteria
PubMed: 11344150
DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.11.3417-3427.2001