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Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jul 2006One hundred eight isolates were previously identified in our laboratory as Clostridium clostridioforme by colonial and cellular morphology, as well as biochemical tests....
One hundred eight isolates were previously identified in our laboratory as Clostridium clostridioforme by colonial and cellular morphology, as well as biochemical tests. Recent studies have indicated that there are actually three different species in this C. clostridioforme group: C. hathewayi, C. bolteae, and C. clostridioforme. Our isolates were reexamined using biochemical and enzymatic tests and molecular methods. Forty-six isolates were reidentified as C. hathewayi, 34 as C. bolteae, five as C. clostridioforme, and one as C. symbiosum. Twenty-two strains were identified only to the genus level by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and although they are microscopically and morphologically indistinguishable from the above-mentioned three species, they are phenotypically different and only 96 to 98% similar by gene sequencing. Twenty of these 22 strains were indole positive and formed two novel species. We propose Clostridium aldenense sp. nov. and Clostridium citroniae sp. nov. as names for these new species. They are differentiated from each other by results for raffinose, rhamnose, alpha-galactosidase, and beta-galactosidase: positive, negative, positive, and positive, respectively, for the former species and negative, positive, negative, and negative, respectively, for the latter species. The type strain of C. aldenense is RMA 9741 (ATCC BAA-1318; CCUG 52204), and the type strain of C. citroniae is RMA 16102 (ATCC BAA-1317; CCUG 52203).
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Clostridium; Clostridium Infections; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Enzymes; Genes, rRNA; Humans; Indoles; Microscopy; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 16825358
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00116-06 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022To explore potential differences in faecal microbiome between women, and their infants, who had normotensive pregnancies (NP) and those who had a hypertensive pregnancy...
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS
To explore potential differences in faecal microbiome between women, and their infants, who had normotensive pregnancies (NP) and those who had a hypertensive pregnancy (HP), either gestational hypertension (GH) or preeclampsia (PE).
METHODS
This is a sub study of P4 (Postpartum Physiology, Psychology, and Paediatrics Study) and includes 18 mother-infant pairs: 10 NP and 8 HP (HP as defined by blood pressure > 140/90mmHg; of which 6 had PE, and 2 GH), six months postpartum. The participating mothers collected stool samples from themselves and their infants. 16S rRNA V3-V4 amplicons were used to study the faecal microbiome.
RESULTS
The sample of women and their infants were mostly primiparous ( =16) with vaginal birth ( = 14). At the time of faecal sampling 8 women were using hormonal contraception, and one HP woman remained on an antihypertensive. All women had blood pressure < 130/80mmHg, and 10 had high BMI (> 30). All infants had started solids, 8 were exclusively breastfed, 1 exclusively formula fed and 9 both. Three infants had been exposed to a course of antibiotics. Six months postpartum, there were no significant differences in alpha or beta diversity between the gut microbiota of HP and NP women ( > 0.05). However, a statistically significant difference was detected in alpha diversity between infants following HP and NP, with lower diversity levels in HP infants ( < 0.05). It was also found that at a genus and species level, the gut microbiota of HP women was enriched with and sp. and depleted in and when compared to NP women ( < 0.05). Similarly, the gut microbiota of infants born from HP was enriched in and depleted in , sp., sp. and compared to infants born from NP ( < 0.05).
DISCUSSION
While our findings are at best preliminary, due to the very small sample size, they do suggest that the presence of hypertension in pregnancy may adversely affect the maternal microbiota postpartum, and that of their infants. Further analysis of postpartum microbiome data from future studies will be important to validate these early findings and provide further evidence about the changes in the microbiota in the offspring of women following hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including possible links to the causes of long-term cardiovascular disease, the prevalence of which is increased in women who have experienced HDP.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Child; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Hypertension; Infant; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 35198457
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.646165 -
New Microbes and New Infections Mar 2019Using the strategy of taxonogenomics, we described sp. nov. strain Marseille-P3100, a Gram-variable, nonmotile, spore-forming anaerobic bacillus. This strain was...
Using the strategy of taxonogenomics, we described sp. nov. strain Marseille-P3100, a Gram-variable, nonmotile, spore-forming anaerobic bacillus. This strain was isolated from a 3.3-month-old Senegalese girl with clinical aspects of marasmus. The closest species based on 16S ribosomal RNA was with a similarity of 98.4%. The genome length was 2 672 129 bp, with a 50% GC content; 2360 proteins were predicted. Finally, predominant fatty acids were hexadecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid and 9-hexadecenoic acid.
PubMed: 30740227
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2018.12.003 -
Nutrients Jul 2020The influence of dairy on the gut microbiome has not been studied extensively. We performed a randomized cross-over study to analyze the effect of high dairy intake on... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The influence of dairy on the gut microbiome has not been studied extensively. We performed a randomized cross-over study to analyze the effect of high dairy intake on the gut microbiome. Subjects were randomly assigned to a high-dairy diet (HDD) (5-6 dairy portions per day) and a low-dairy diet (LDD) (≤1 dairy portion per day) for 6 weeks with a washout period of 4 weeks in between both diets. The gut microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Compositionality and functionality of the gut microbiome was assessed using Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). Stool consistency was evaluated using the Bristol stool chart. In total, 46 healthy overweight subjects (BMI range 25-30 kg/m) completed both intervention periods. During the HDD, there was a significantly higher abundance of the genera , , and , and the species , and ( < 0.10). Furthermore, during the HDD, there was a significantly lower abundance of the genera and , and the species , , , and ( < 0.10). There were eight subjects who became constipated during the HDD and these subjects all had a lower abundance of . This is the first cross-over study in which the effect of an HDD compared to an LDD on the gut microbiome has been studied. An HDD led to a significantly different composition of the gut microbiome, with a particularly lower abundance of and a higher abundance of . Constipation was observed in several subjects during the HDD. Predicted metabolic pathways were not significantly altered due to an HDD.
Topics: Aged; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Cholesterol; Constipation; Cross-Over Studies; Dairy Products; Diet; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Overweight; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Surveys and Questionnaires; Triglycerides
PubMed: 32708991
DOI: 10.3390/nu12072129 -
PloS One 2016A range of feed supplements, including antibiotics, have been commonly used in poultry production to improve health and productivity. Alternative methods are needed to...
A range of feed supplements, including antibiotics, have been commonly used in poultry production to improve health and productivity. Alternative methods are needed to suppress pathogen loads and maintain productivity. As an alternative to antibiotics use, we investigated the ability of biochar, bentonite and zeolite as separate 4% feed additives, to selectively remove pathogens without reducing microbial richness and diversity in the gut. Neither biochar, bentonite nor zeolite made any significant alterations to the overall richness and diversity of intestinal bacterial community. However, reduction of some bacterial species, including some potential pathogens was detected. The microbiota of bentonite fed animals were lacking all members of the order Campylobacterales. Specifically, the following operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were absent: an OTU 100% identical to Campylobacter jejuni; an OTU 99% identical to Helicobacter pullorum; multiple Gallibacterium anatis (>97%) related OTUs; Bacteroides dorei (99%) and Clostridium aldenense (95%) related OTUs. Biochar and zeolite treatments had similar but milder effects compared to bentonite. Zeolite amended feed was also associated with significant reduction in the phylum Proteobacteria. All three additives showed potential for the control of major poultry zoonotic pathogens.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Bentonite; Campylobacter; Campylobacter Infections; Charcoal; Chickens; Dietary Supplements; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Organic Agriculture; Zeolites
PubMed: 27116607
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154061