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Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 2009We describe two cases of Clostridium glycolicum wound infections in immunocompetent adults. The bacterium was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This is the third... (Review)
Review
We describe two cases of Clostridium glycolicum wound infections in immunocompetent adults. The bacterium was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This is the third published report of the recovery of this organism from human clinical material and highlights the importance of the organism as a potential human pathogen. Our report extends the spectrum of the diseases caused by C. glycolicum.
Topics: Adult; Clostridium; Clostridium Infections; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Female; Humans; Male; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Wound Infection; Young Adult
PubMed: 19261780
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02411-08 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Sep 2011Isolate KH was obtained from Hawaiian forest soil and found to be composed of two functionally linked anaerobes, KHa and KHb. Gene analyses (16S rRNA, fhs, cooS)...
Isolate KH was obtained from Hawaiian forest soil and found to be composed of two functionally linked anaerobes, KHa and KHb. Gene analyses (16S rRNA, fhs, cooS) identified KHa as an acetogenic strain of Clostridium glycolicum and KHb as Bacteroides xylanolyticus. KHb fermented xylan and other saccharides that KHa could not utilize and formed products (e.g., ethanol and H(2)) that supported the acetogenic growth of KHa.
Topics: Acetates; Bacterial Proteins; Bacteroides; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Clostridium; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Ethanol; Hawaii; Hydrogen; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Trees
PubMed: 21764978
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.05519-11 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Oct 2001An anaerobic, H(2)-utilizing bacterium, strain RD-1, was isolated from the highest growth-positive dilution series of a root homogenate prepared from the sea grass...
An anaerobic, H(2)-utilizing bacterium, strain RD-1, was isolated from the highest growth-positive dilution series of a root homogenate prepared from the sea grass Halodule wrightii. Cells of RD-1 were gram-positive, spore-forming, motile rods that were linked by connecting filaments. Acetate was produced in stoichiometries indicative of an acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) pathway-dependent metabolism when RD-1 utilized H(2)-CO(2), formate, lactate, or pyruvate. Growth on sugars or ethylene glycol yielded acetate and ethanol as end products. RD-1 grew at the expense of glucose in the presence of low initial concentrations (up to 6% [vol/vol]) of O(2) in the headspace of static, horizontally incubated culture tubes; the concentration of O(2) decreased during growth in such cultures. Peroxidase, NADH oxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities were detected in the cytoplasmic fraction of cells grown in the presence of O(2). In comparison to cultures incubated under strictly anoxic conditions, acetate production decreased, higher amounts of ethanol were produced, and lactate and H(2) became significant end products when RD-1 was grown on glucose in the presence of O(2). Similarly, when RD-1 was grown on fructose in the presence of elevated salt concentrations, lower amounts of acetate and higher amounts of ethanol and H(2) were produced. When the concentration of O(2) in the headspace exceeded 1% (vol/vol), supplemental H(2) was not utilized. The 16S rRNA gene of RD-1 had a 99.7% sequence similarity to that of Clostridium glycolicum DSM 1288(T), an organism characterized as a fermentative anaerobe. Comparative experiments with C. glycolicum DSM 1288(T) demonstrated that it had negligible H(2)- and formate-utilizing capacities. However, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase was detected in both RD-1 and C. glycolicum DSM 1288(T). A 91.4% DNA-DNA hybridization between the genomic DNA of RD-1 and that of C. glycolicum DSM 1288(T) confirmed that RD-1 was a strain of C. glycolicum. These results indicate that (i) RD-1 metabolizes certain substrates via the acetyl-CoA pathway, (ii) RD-1 can tolerate and consume limited amounts of O(2), (iii) oxic conditions favor the production of ethanol, lactate, and H(2) by RD-1, and (iv) the ability of RD-1 to cope with limited amounts of O(2) might contribute to its survival in a habitat subject to daily gradients of photosynthesis-derived O(2).
Topics: Acetates; Anaerobiosis; Clostridium; Culture Media; Genes, rRNA; Hydrogen; Molecular Sequence Data; Oxygen; Phylogeny; Plant Roots; Poaceae; Seawater; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 11571179
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.10.4734-4741.2001 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2023Gut microbiota plays a potential role in human health and different disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, we analyzed gut bacteria composition in...
BACKGROUND
Gut microbiota plays a potential role in human health and different disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, we analyzed gut bacteria composition in children with ASD and typical development (TD), and its relationship with nutritional status and dietary intake.
METHODS
A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 3- to 12-year-old children (ASD = 30, TD = 28). Dietary intake (applying food frequency questionnaires) and body mass index-for-age (expressed in z-score) were determined. Children were divided into normal weight and excess weight (risk of overweight + overweight + obesity), and the ASD group was categorized into gluten- and casein-free diet (ASD-diet) or no diet (ASD-no diet). The relative abundance of gut bacteria was analyzed in fecal samples by 16S rRNA sequencing.
RESULTS
Children with excess weight had lower than normal weight. Fewer and higher were found in the ASD group compared with TD one. Participants with excess weight and ASD had lower and and higher and than the TD group with the same nutritional status. Positive and negative associations were found between the bacteria genus and species, and the intake of dairy, vegetable drinks, cereals with and without gluten, food source of proteins, fish, food source of fat, and coconut oil, in unadjusted models and after adjustment for age, diet/no diet, ASD/TD.
CONCLUSION
Significant differences in microbial community composition were found between children with ASD and TD, considering their nutritional status and dietary intake.
PubMed: 37545578
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1202948 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Sep 2016There are increasing data regarding Terrisporobacter glycolicus as an emerging anaerobic pathogen. However, the few published cases to date usually report it as part of...
BACKGROUND
There are increasing data regarding Terrisporobacter glycolicus as an emerging anaerobic pathogen. However, the few published cases to date usually report it as part of a polymicrobial infection. Here, we describe the first reported monomicrobial surgical site infection with this bacterium. Identification methods, taxonomy, and clinical management of this rarely identified pathogen are also discussed.
CASE PRESENTATION
A previously healthy 66-year-old sustained an open olecranon fracture of his left arm after trauma. He subsequently underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), with insertion of an olecranon locking plate and two locking screws. Ten days after surgery, the patient developed increasing pain at the surgical site and noted green discharge from the wound. Culture of the wound discharge yielded grew a pure Gram-positive anaerobe identified by the RapidANA® microbial identification system as C. difficile (profile 000010, 99.1 % probability). Reference laboratory testing identified the isolate as T. glycolicus/mayombei (previously designated as Clostridium glycolicum/mayombei) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and as Clostridium glycolicum by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The patient received an 8-week course of moxifloxacin and metronidazole with an excellent clinical response at 12 months' follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
We describe the case of a deep surgical site infection with T. glycolicus/mayombei (formerly known as Clostridium glycolicum and Clostridium mayombei, respectively), which extends our knowledge of the clinical spectrum of this pathogen. The isolate was misidentified by phenotypic identification methods.
PubMed: 27686579
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1865-8 -
FEMS Microbiology Ecology Oct 2004Intestinal microbial community is involved in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease, but knowledge of its potential abnormalities has been limited by the impossibility to...
Intestinal microbial community is involved in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease, but knowledge of its potential abnormalities has been limited by the impossibility to grow many dominant intestinal bacteria. Using sequence analysis of randomly cloned bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA, the dominant faecal species from four Crohn's disease patients and four controls were compared. Whereas marked inter-individual differences were observed in the faecal microflora of patients, three remained distantly related to controls on the basis of their operational taxonomic unit composition. Bacteroides vulgatus and closely related organisms represented the only molecular species shared by all patients and exhibited an unusually high rate of occurrence. Escherichia coli clones were isolated only in two patients with ileocolonic Crohn's disease. Moreover, numerous clones belonged to phylogenetic groups or species that are commonly not dominant in the faecal microflora of healthy subjects: Pectinatus, Sutterella, Verrucomicrobium, Fusobacterium, Clostridium disporicum, Clostridium glycolicum, Clostridium ramosum, Clostridium innocuum and Clostridium perfringens.
Topics: Bacteria; Biodiversity; Cluster Analysis; Crohn Disease; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Feces; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 19712374
DOI: 10.1016/j.femsec.2004.05.005 -
PloS One 2018The development of an early complex gut microbiota may play an important role in the protection against intestinal dysbiosis later in life. The significance of the...
Molecular networks affected by neonatal microbial colonization in porcine jejunum, luminally perfused with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, F4ac fimbria or Lactobacillus amylovorus.
The development of an early complex gut microbiota may play an important role in the protection against intestinal dysbiosis later in life. The significance of the developed microbiota for gut barrier functionality upon interaction with pathogenic or beneficial bacteria is largely unknown. The transcriptome of differently perfused jejunal loops of 12 caesarian-derived pigs, neonatally associated with microbiota of different complexity, was studied. Piglets received pasteurized sow colostrum at birth (d0), a starter microbiota (Lactobacillus amylovorus (LAM), Clostridium glycolicum, and Parabacteroides) on d1-d3, and a placebo inoculant (simple association, SA) or an inoculant consisting of sow's diluted feces (complex association, CA) on d3-d4. On d 26-37, jejunal loops were perfused for 8 h with either enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 (ETEC), purified F4 fimbriae, LAM or saline control (CTRL). Gene expression of each intestinal loop was analyzed by Affymetrix Porcine Gene 1.1_ST array strips. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed on expression values. Compared to CTRL, 184 and 74; 2 and 139; 2 and 48 gene sets, were up- and down-regulated by ETEC, F4 and LAM, respectively. ETEC up-regulated networks related to inflammatory and immune responses, RNA processing, and mitosis. There was a limited overlap in up-regulated gene sets between ETEC and F4 fimbriae. LAM down-regulated genes related to inflammatory and immune responses, as well as to cellular compound metabolism. In CA pigs, 57 gene sets were up-regulated by CA, while 73 were down-regulated compared to SA. CA up-regulated gene sets related to lymphocyte modulation and to cellular defense in all loop perfusions. In CA pigs, compared to SA pigs, genes for chemokine and cytokine activity and for response to external stimuli were down-regulated in ETEC-perfused loops and up-regulated in CTRL. The results highlight the importance of the nature of neonatal microbial colonization in the response to microbial stimuli later in life.
Topics: Animals; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Regulatory Networks; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Jejunum; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Swine; Swine Diseases
PubMed: 30161141
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202160 -
Journal of Bacteriology Feb 1963Gaston, Lamont W. (National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.) and E. R. Stadtman. Fermentation of ethylene glycol by Clostridium glycolicum,...
Gaston, Lamont W. (National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.) and E. R. Stadtman. Fermentation of ethylene glycol by Clostridium glycolicum, sp. n. J. Bacteriol. 85:356-362. 1963.-An anaerobic organism which utilizes ethylene glycol as a source of energy and carbon has been isolated from mud. It is a long (5 mu), slender, motile, gram-positive, spore-forming rod, with peritrichous flagellae. It grows well from 22 to 37 C at pH 7.4 to 7.6, and ferments glucose, fructose, sorbitol, dulcitol, and cellulose. It does not reduce nitrates, form indole, or cause hemolysis or proteolysis except for a slight attack on coagulated egg albumin. Fifteen amino acids and the vitamins biotin and pantothenate are required for optimal growth on ethylene glycol. Analogues other than propylene glycol do not support growth. Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are stoichiometrically converted to equal amounts of the respective acid and alcohol.
Topics: Bacteria; Bioreactors; Cellulose; Clostridium; Ethylene Glycol; Fermentation; Glycols; Propylene Glycol; United States
PubMed: 13946772
DOI: 10.1128/jb.85.2.356-362.1963 -
Journal of Bacteriology May 1996A consortium of spore-forming bacteria transforming phenol to benzoic acid under anaerobic conditions was treated with antibiotics to eliminate the four Clostridium...
A consortium of spore-forming bacteria transforming phenol to benzoic acid under anaerobic conditions was treated with antibiotics to eliminate the four Clostridium strains which were shown to be unable to accomplish this reaction in pure culture and coculture. Clostridium ghonii was inhibited by chloramphenicol (10 micrograms/ml), whereas Clostridium hastiforme (strain 3) and Clostridium glycolicum were inhibited by clindamycin (20 micrograms/ml), without the transformation of phenol being affected. Electron microscopic observations of resulting liquid subcultures revealed the presence of two different bacilli: a dominant C hastiforme strain (strain 2) (width, 1 micron) and an unidentified strain 6 (width, 0.6 micron) which was not detected on solid medium. Bacitracin (0.5 U/ml) changed the ratio of the strains in favor of strain 6. C hastiforme 2 was eliminated from this culture by dilution. The isolated strain 6 transformed phenol to benzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid to phenol and benzoic acid in the presence of proteose peptone. Both of these activities are inducible. This strain is a gram- variable, flagellated rod with a doubling time of 10 to 11 h in the presence of phenol. It has a cellular fatty acid composition like that of C. hastiforme. However, strain 6 does not hydrolyze gelatin or produce indole. The 16S rRNA sequence of strain 6 was found to be most similar to that of some Clostridium species, with homology ranging from 80 to 86%. Tbe evolutionary relationships of strain 6 to different groups of Clostridium and Clostridium-related species revealed that it does not emerge from any of these groups. Strain 6 most likely belongs to a new species closely related to Clostridium species.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Base Sequence; Benzoates; Benzoic Acid; Clostridium; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Bacteria; Hot Temperature; Molecular Sequence Data; Parabens; Phenol; Phenols; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Restriction Mapping; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 8626321
DOI: 10.1128/jb.178.9.2551-2558.1996 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 2007We describe a case of Clostridium glycolicum bacteremia and septic shock in an adult woman with a recent bone marrow transplant for relapsed Hodgkin's disease. The...
We describe a case of Clostridium glycolicum bacteremia and septic shock in an adult woman with a recent bone marrow transplant for relapsed Hodgkin's disease. The bacterium was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This is the first published report of the recovery of this organism from human clinical material.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Clostridium; Clostridium Infections; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Molecular Sequence Data
PubMed: 17344364
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01845-06