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Journal of Animal Science and... 2017The stomach is an underestimated key interface between the ingesta and the digestive system, affecting the digestion and playing an important role in several endocrine...
The effects of starter microbiota and the early life feeding of medium chain triglycerides on the gastric transcriptome profile of 2- or 3-week-old cesarean delivered piglets.
BACKGROUND
The stomach is an underestimated key interface between the ingesta and the digestive system, affecting the digestion and playing an important role in several endocrine functions. The quality of starter microbiota and the early life feeding of medium chain triglycerides may affect porcine gastric maturation. Two trials (T1, T2) were carried out on 12 and 24 cesarean-delivered piglets (birth, d0), divided over two microbiota treatments, but slaughtered and sampled at two or three weeks of age, respectively. All piglets were fed orally: sow serum (T1) or pasteurized sow colostrum (T2) on d0; simple starter microbiota (, and spp.) (d1-d3); complex microbiota inoculum (sow diluted feces, CA) or a placebo (simple association, SA) (d3-d4) and milk replacer ad libitum (d0-d4). The The T1 piglets and half of the T2 piglets were then fed a moist diet (CTRL); the remaining half of the T2 piglets were fed the CTRL diet fortified with medium chain triglycerides and 7% coconut oil (MCT). Total mRNA from the oxyntic mucosa was analyzed using Affymetrix©Porcine Gene array strips. Exploratory functional analysis of the resulting values was carried out using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.
RESULTS
Complex microbiota upregulated 11 gene sets in piglets of each age group vs. SA. Of these sets, 6 were upregulated at both ages, including the set of gene markers of oxyntic mucosa. In comparison with the piglets receiving SA, the CA enriched the genes in the sets related to interferon response when the CTRL diet was given while the same sets were impoverished by CA with the MCT diet.
CONCLUSIONS
Early colonization with a complex starter microbiota promoted the functional maturation of the oxyntic mucosa in an age-dependent manner. The dietary fatty acid source may have affected the recruitment and the maturation of the immune cells, particularly when the piglets were early associated with a simplified starter microbiota.
PubMed: 29118979
DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0213-1 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Feb 2009We describe a case of brain abscesses with gas formation following otitis media, for which the patient treated himself by placing clay in his ear. Several...
We describe a case of brain abscesses with gas formation following otitis media, for which the patient treated himself by placing clay in his ear. Several microorganisms, including Clostridium glycolicum, were cultured from material obtained from the patient. This is the first report of an infection in an immunocompetent patient associated with this microorganism.
Topics: Brain Abscess; Clostridium; Clostridium Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Otitis Media
PubMed: 19109475
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00660-08 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Jan 1987A procedure for solubilization of the oxygen-labile, membrane-bound diol dehydratase from Clostridium glycolicum with retention of enzymatic activity is described. The...
A procedure for solubilization of the oxygen-labile, membrane-bound diol dehydratase from Clostridium glycolicum with retention of enzymatic activity is described. The procedure involves sonication of crude membrane preparations anaerobically in 0.1 M 2-(N-cyclohexylamino)ethane-sulfonic acid (CHES) buffer (pH 8.6-9.0) containing 2 mM dithiothreitol. The addition of dimethylsulfoxide (30%) and lysophosphatidylcholine (0.15 mg/ml) to the solubilization buffer resulted in a 10-fold increase in recovery of solubilized diol dehydratase activity. After ultracentrifugation, an overall recovery of 50% of the activity initially present in the crude membrane preparations was achieved. Active membrane preparations and the solubilized enzyme exhibited an EPR signal at g = 2.02. Both enzyme activity and EPR signal were sensitive to oxygen and the radical scavengers, NH2OH and hydroxy-urea.
Topics: Buffers; Cell Membrane; Clostridium; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Hydro-Lyases; Kinetics; Lysophosphatidylcholines; Phosphatidylcholines; Propanediol Dehydratase; Solubility; Taurine
PubMed: 3025865
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.1.76