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Clinical Epigenetics Nov 2022The factors affecting cardioprotective collateral circulation are still incompletely understood. Recently, characteristics, such as CpG methylation of cell-free DNA...
BACKGROUND
The factors affecting cardioprotective collateral circulation are still incompletely understood. Recently, characteristics, such as CpG methylation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), have been reported as markers with clinical utility. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cfDNA methylation patterns are associated with the grade of coronary collateral circulation (CCC).
RESULT
In this case-control study, clinical and angiographic data were obtained from 143 patients (mean age, 58 years, male 71%) with chronic total coronary occlusion. Enzymatic methyl-sequencing (EM-seq) libraries were prepared using the cfDNA extracted from the plasma. Data were processed to obtain the average methylation fraction (AMF) tables of genomic regions from which blacklisted regions were removed. Unsupervised analysis of the obtained AMF values showed that some of the changes in methylation were due to CCC. Through random forest preparation process, 256 differentially methylated region (DMR) candidates showing strong association with CCC were selected. A random forest classifier was then constructed, and the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve indicated an appropriate predictive function for CCC. Finally, 20 DMRs were identified to have significantly different AMF values between the good and poor CCC groups. Particularly, the good CCC group exhibited hypomethylated DMRs. Pathway analysis revealed five pathways, including TGF-beta signaling, to be associated with good CCC.
CONCLUSION
These data have demonstrated that differential hypomethylation was identified in dozens of cfDNA regions in patients with good CCC. Our results support the clinical utility of noninvasively obtained epigenetic signatures for predicting collateral circulation in patients with vascular diseases.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Case-Control Studies; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids; Collateral Circulation; Coronary Artery Disease; DNA Methylation; Female
PubMed: 36320085
DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01349-w -
Stroke Jul 2021The article summarizes recent studies investigating mechanisms of collateral flow variability in stroke, and the role of pericytes in cerebral microcirculation and... (Review)
Review
The article summarizes recent studies investigating mechanisms of collateral flow variability in stroke, and the role of pericytes in cerebral microcirculation and stroke.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases; Collateral Circulation; Humans; Pericytes
PubMed: 34078110
DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.033556 -
Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi : Turk... Jun 2017
Topics: Collateral Circulation; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Ghrelin; Heart; Humans
PubMed: 28595199
DOI: 10.5543/tkda.2017.01138 -
Current Cardiology Reviews Feb 2014
Topics: Cardiology; Collateral Circulation; Coronary Circulation; Humans
PubMed: 23638832
DOI: 10.2174/1573403x113099990004 -
Current Cardiology Reviews Feb 2014While the existence of structural adaptation of coronary anastomoses is undisputed, the potential of coronary collaterals to be capable of functional adaptation has been... (Review)
Review
While the existence of structural adaptation of coronary anastomoses is undisputed, the potential of coronary collaterals to be capable of functional adaptation has been questioned. For many years, collateral vessels were thought to be rigid tubes allowing only limited blood flow governed by the pressure gradient across them. This concept was consistent with the notion that although collaterals could provide adequate blood flow to maintain resting levels, they would be unable to increase blood flow sufficiently in situations of increased myocardial oxygen demand. However, more recent studies have demonstrated the capability of the collateral circulation to deliver sufficient blood flow even during exertion or pharmacologic stress. Moreover, it has been shown that increases in collateral flow could be attributed directly to collateral vasomotion. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of the coronary collateral circulation, ie the functional adapation of coronary collaterals to acute alterations in the coronary circulation.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Collateral Circulation; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Coronary Vessels; Disease Models, Animal; Exercise; Humans; Myocardial Ischemia; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Stress, Physiological; Vascular Resistance; Vasodilator Agents; Vasomotor System; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
PubMed: 23701025
DOI: 10.2174/1573403x113099990005 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2019Cardiovascular disease remains the leading global cause of death, and the number of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and exhausted therapeutic options (i.e.,... (Review)
Review
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading global cause of death, and the number of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and exhausted therapeutic options (i.e., percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and medical treatment) is on the rise. Therefore, the evaluation of new therapeutic approaches to offer an alternative treatment strategy for these patients is necessary. A promising research field is the promotion of the coronary collateral circulation, an arterio-arterial network able to prevent or reduce myocardial ischemia in CAD. This review summarizes the basic principles of the human coronary collateral circulation, its extracardiac anastomoses as well as the different therapeutic approaches, especially that of stimulating the extracardiac collateral circulation via permanent occlusion of the internal mammary arteries.
Topics: Collateral Circulation; Coronary Circulation; Humans; Myocardial Revascularization; Neovascularization, Physiologic
PubMed: 31366096
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153726 -
BMC Medicine Jun 2013The coronary arteries have been regarded as end arteries for decades. However, there are functionally relevant anastomotic vessels, known as collateral arteries, which... (Review)
Review
The coronary arteries have been regarded as end arteries for decades. However, there are functionally relevant anastomotic vessels, known as collateral arteries, which interconnect epicardial coronary arteries. These vessels provide an alternative source of blood supply to the myocardium in cases of occlusive coronary artery disease. The relevance of these collateral arteries is a matter of ongoing debate, but increasing evidence indicates a relevant protective role in patients with coronary artery disease. The collateral circulation can be assessed by different methods; the gold standard involves intracoronary pressure measurements. While the first clinical trials to therapeutically induce growth of collateral arteries have been unavailing, recent pilot studies using external counterpulsation or growth factors such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) have shown promising results.
Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Collateral Circulation; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Vessels; Heart; Humans
PubMed: 23735225
DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-143 -
WIREs Mechanisms of Disease Jul 2022Arterial collateralization, as determined by leptomeningeal anastomoses or pial collateral vessels, is a well-established vital player in cerebral blood flow restoration... (Review)
Review
Arterial collateralization, as determined by leptomeningeal anastomoses or pial collateral vessels, is a well-established vital player in cerebral blood flow restoration and neurological recovery from ischemic stroke. A secondary network of cerebral collateral circulation apart from the Circle of Willis, exist as remnants of arteriole development that connect the distal arteries in the pia mater. Recent interest lies in understanding the cellular and molecular adaptations that control the growth and remodeling, or arteriogenesis, of these pre-existing collateral vessels. New findings from both animal models and human studies of ischemic stroke suggest a multi-factorial and complex, temporospatial interplay of endothelium, immune and vessel-associated cell interactions may work in concert to facilitate or thwart arteriogenesis. These valuable reports may provide critical insight into potential predictors of the pial collateral response in patients with large vessel occlusion and may aid in therapeutics to enhance collateral function and improve recovery from stroke. This article is categorized under: Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
Topics: Animals; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Collateral Circulation; Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Meninges; Stroke
PubMed: 35118835
DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1553 -
Anatolian Journal of Cardiology 2019
Topics: Collateral Circulation; Coronary Circulation; Humans; Osteopontin; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic
PubMed: 31584442
DOI: No ID Found -
Translational Stroke Research Aug 2022Enhancing the collateral blood supply during the acute phase of cerebral ischemia may limit both the extension of the core infarct, by rescuing the penumbra area, and... (Review)
Review
Enhancing the collateral blood supply during the acute phase of cerebral ischemia may limit both the extension of the core infarct, by rescuing the penumbra area, and the degree of disability. Many imaging techniques have been applied to rodents in preclinical studies, to evaluate the magnitude of collateral blood flow and the time course of responses during the early phase of ischemic stroke. The collateral supply follows several different routes at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis) and its surface (leptomeningeal or pial arteries), corresponding to the proximal and distal collateral pathways, respectively. In this review, we describe and illustrate the cerebral collateral systems and their modifications following pre-Willis or post-Willis occlusion in rodents. We also review the potential pharmaceutical agents for stimulating the collateral blood supply tested to date. The time taken to establish a collateral blood flow supply through the leptomeningeal anastomoses differs between young and adult animals and between different species and genetic backgrounds. Caution is required when transposing preclinical findings to humans, and clinical trials must be performed to check the added value of pharmacological agents for stimulating the collateral blood supply at appropriate time points. However, collateral recruitment appears to be a rapid, beneficial, endogenous mechanism that can be stimulated shortly after artery occlusion. It should be considered a treatment target for use in addition to recanalization strategies.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Collateral Circulation; Stroke
PubMed: 34797519
DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00969-3