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Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Apr 2020
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Comamonas; DNA, Bacterial
PubMed: 32730480
DOI: 10.4067/s0716-10182020000200147 -
Oncogene Jul 2022The consistency of the associations between gastric mucosal microbiome and gastric cancer across studies remained unexamined. We aimed to identify universal microbial... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The consistency of the associations between gastric mucosal microbiome and gastric cancer across studies remained unexamined. We aimed to identify universal microbial signatures in gastric carcinogenesis through a meta-analysis of gastric microbiome from multiple studies. Compositional and ecological profiles of gastric microbes across stages of gastric carcinogenesis were significantly altered. Meta-analysis revealed that opportunistic pathobionts Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Veillonella, Prevotella and Peptostreptococcus were enriched in GC, while commensals Bifidobacterium, Bacillus and Blautia were depleted in comparison to SG. The co-occurring correlation strengths of GC-enriched bacteria were increased along disease progression while those of GC-depleted bacteria were decreased. Eight bacterial taxa, including Veillonella, Dialister, Granulicatella, Herbaspirillum, Comamonas, Chryseobacterium, Shewanella and Helicobacter, were newly identified by this study as universal biomarkers for robustly discriminating GC from SG, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85. Moreover, H. pylori-positive samples exhibited reduced microbial diversity, altered microbiota community and weaker interactions among gastric microbes. Our meta-analysis demonstrated comprehensive and generalizable gastric mucosa microbial features associated with histological stages of gastric carcinogenesis, including GC associated bacteria, diagnostic biomarkers, bacterial network alteration and H. pylori influence.
Topics: Carcinogenesis; Dysbiosis; Gastric Mucosa; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Microbiota; Stomach; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 35680985
DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02377-9 -
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022spp. are non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. They were first discovered in 1894, and since then, twenty-four species have been characterized. The natural habitat of... (Review)
Review
spp. are non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. They were first discovered in 1894, and since then, twenty-four species have been characterized. The natural habitat of these bacteria is soil, wastewater/sludge, fresh water such as ponds and rivers, and the animal intestinal microbiome. They were also isolated from industrial settings, such as activated sludge and polluted soil, and from the hospital environment and clinical samples, such as urine, pus, blood, feces, and kidney. spp. are associated with environmental bioremediation and are considered an important environmental bacterium rather than a human pathogen. However, in the 1980s, they became a concern when several human infections associated with these species were reported. Here, the genus was examined in terms of its members, identification techniques, and pathogenicity. Seventy-seven infection cases associated with these microorganisms that have been discussed in the literature were identified and investigated in this project. All relevant information regarding year of infection, country of origin, patient information such as age, sex, underlying medical conditions if any, type of infection caused by the species, antibiotic susceptibility testing, treatment, and outcomes for the patient were extracted from case reports. The findings suggest that even though spp. are thought of as being of low virulence, they have caused harmful health conditions in many healthy individuals and even death in patients with underlying conditions. Antimicrobial treatment of infections associated with these species, in general, was not very difficult; however, it can become an issue in the future because some strains are already resistant to different classes of antibiotics. Therefore, these pathogens should be considered of such importance that they should be included in the hospital screening programs.
PubMed: 36145464
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11091032 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Heat stress can have an impact on parental gamete maturation and reproduction functions. According to current research, the microbial composition of the vaginal cavity...
Heat stress can have an impact on parental gamete maturation and reproduction functions. According to current research, the microbial composition of the vaginal cavity is species specific. Pregnancy, menstruation, and genital diseases have been linked to the dynamics of vaginal ecology. In this study, we characterized the vaginal microbiota and metabolites after heat stress. At the phylum level, the rabbit's vaginal microbial composition of rabbit showed high similarity with that of humans. In the Heat group, the relative abundance of the dominant microbiota , , and increased, while the relative abundance of decreased. Furthermore, heat stress significantly increased the relative abundance of , , , , , and , whereas the relative abundance of 12 genera significantly decreased, including , , , , , , , , , , , and Besides, the relative concentrations of 158 metabolites differed significantly between the Heat and Control groups. Among them, the endocrine hormone estradiol (E) increased in the Heat group and was positively associated with a number of metabolites such as linolelaidic acid (C18:2N6T), N-acetylsphingosine, N-oleoyl glycine, trans-petroselinic acid, syringic acid, 2-(1-adamantyl)-1-morpholinoethan-1-one, 5-OxoETE, and 16-heptadecyne-1,2,4-triol. Further, the majority of the differential metabolites were enriched in steroid biosynthesis and endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption pathways, reflecting that heat stress may affect calcium metabolism, hormone-induced signaling, and endocrine balance of vaginal ecology. These findings provide a comprehensive depiction of rabbit vaginal ecology and reveal the effects of heat stress on the vagina the analysis of vaginal microbiome and metabolome, which may provide a new thought for low female fertility under heat stress.
PubMed: 35495670
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.813622 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2019Chemotaxis is an important physiological adaptation that allows many motile bacteria to orientate themselves for better niche adaptation. Chemotaxis is best understood... (Review)
Review
Chemotaxis is an important physiological adaptation that allows many motile bacteria to orientate themselves for better niche adaptation. Chemotaxis is best understood in . Other representative bacteria, such as , species, , and , also have been deeply studied and systemically summarized. These bacteria belong to α-, γ-, ε-Proteobacteria, or Firmicutes. However, β-Proteobacteria, of which many members have been identified as holding chemotactic pathways, lack a summary of chemotaxis. , belonging to β-Proteobacteria, grows with and chemotactically responds to a range of aromatic compounds. This paper summarizes the latest research on chemotaxis towards aromatic compounds, mainly from investigations of and other species.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Chemotaxis; Comamonas testosteroni; Computational Biology; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 31159416
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112701 -
Functional and structural characterization of AntR, an Sb(III) responsive transcriptional repressor.Molecular Microbiology Aug 2021The ant operon of the antimony-mining bacterium Comamonas testosterone JL40 confers resistance to Sb(III). The operon is transcriptionally regulated by the product of...
The ant operon of the antimony-mining bacterium Comamonas testosterone JL40 confers resistance to Sb(III). The operon is transcriptionally regulated by the product of the first gene in the operon, antR. AntR is a member of ArsR/SmtB family of metal/metalloid-responsive repressors resistance. We purified and characterized C. testosterone AntR and demonstrated that it responds to metalloids in the order Sb(III) = methylarsenite (MAs(III) >> As(III)). The protein was crystallized, and the structure was solved at 2.1 Å resolution. The homodimeric structure of AntR adopts a classical ArsR/SmtB topology architecture. The protein has five cysteine residues, of which Cys103 from one monomer and Cys113 from the other monomer, are proposed to form one Sb(III) binding site, and Cys113 and Cys103 forming a second binding site. This is the first report of the structure and binding properties of a transcriptional repressor with high selectivity for environmental antimony.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Antimony; Arsenic; Arsenicals; Binding Sites; Comamonas testosteroni; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Protein Conformation; Repressor Proteins; Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic
PubMed: 33786926
DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14721 -
Microorganisms Aug 2021Bile acids are surface-active steroid compounds with a C carboxylic side chain at the steroid nucleus. They are produced by vertebrates, mainly functioning as... (Review)
Review
Bile acids are surface-active steroid compounds with a C carboxylic side chain at the steroid nucleus. They are produced by vertebrates, mainly functioning as emulsifiers for lipophilic nutrients, as signaling compounds, and as an antimicrobial barrier in the duodenum. Upon excretion into soil and water, bile acids serve as carbon- and energy-rich growth substrates for diverse heterotrophic bacteria. Metabolic pathways for the degradation of bile acids are predominantly studied in individual strains of the genera , , and . Bile acid degradation is initiated by oxidative reactions of the steroid skeleton at ring A and degradation of the carboxylic side chain before the steroid nucleus is broken down into central metabolic intermediates for biomass and energy production. This review summarizes the current biochemical and genetic knowledge on aerobic and anaerobic degradation of bile acids by soil and water bacteria. In addition, ecological and applied aspects are addressed, including resistance mechanisms against the toxic effects of bile acids.
PubMed: 34442838
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081759 -
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions :... Feb 2023The accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in plants is strongly impacted by soil microbes, but its mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we report the mechanism of reduced...
The accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in plants is strongly impacted by soil microbes, but its mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we report the mechanism of reduced Cd accumulation in rice by coculture of and species. In pot experiments, inoculation with the coculture decreased Cd content in rice grain and increased the amount of nonbioavailable Cd in Cd-spiked soils. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and scanning electron microscopy detection showed that the coculture colonized in the rhizosphere and rice root vascular tissue and intercellular space. Soil metagenomics data showed that the coculture increased the abundance of sulfate reduction and biofilm formation genes and related bacterial species. Moreover, the coculture increased the content of organic matter, available nitrogen, and potassium and increased the activities of arylsulfatase, β-galactosidase, phenoloxidase, arylamidase, urease, dehydrogenase, and peroxidase in soils. In subsequent rice transcriptomics assays, we found that the inoculation with coculture activated a hypersensitive response, defense-related induction, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in rice. Heterologous protein expression in yeast confirmed the function of four Cd-binding proteins (HIP28-1, HIP28-4, BCP2, and CID8), a Cd efflux protein (BCP1), and three Cd uptake proteins (COPT4, NRAM5, and HKT6) in rice. Succinic acid and phenylalanine were subsequently proved to inhibit rice divalent Cd [Cd(II)] uptake and activate Cd(II) efflux in rice roots. Thus, we propose a model that the coculture protects rice against Cd stress via Cd immobilization in soils and reducing Cd uptake in rice. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Topics: Cadmium; Oryza; Enterobacter; Comamonas; Coculture Techniques; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Soil; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 36366828
DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-09-22-0186-R -
Environment International Aug 2023Antimony (Sb) is toxic to ecosystems and potentially to public health via its accumulation in the food chain. Bioavailability and toxicity of Sb have been reduced using...
Antimony (Sb) is toxic to ecosystems and potentially to public health via its accumulation in the food chain. Bioavailability and toxicity of Sb have been reduced using various methods for the remediation of Sb-contaminated soil in most studies. However, Sb-contaminated soil remediation by microbial agents has been rarely evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the potential for the use of Comamonas testosteroni JL40 in the bioremediation of Sb-contamination. Strain JL40 immobilized more than 30 % of the Sb(III) in solution and oxidized over 18 % to Sb(V) for detoxification. Meanwhile, strain JL40 responds to Sb toxicity through such as Sb efflux, intracellular accumulation, biofilm production, and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), etc. The results of the pot experiment showed the average Sb content of the brown rice was decreased by 59.1%, 38.8%, and 48.4%, for 1.8, 50, and 100 mg/kg Sb spiked soils, respectively. In addition, the results of plant, soil enzyme activity, and rice agronomic trait observations showed that the application of strain JL40 could maintain the health of plants and soil and improve rice production. The single-step and sequential extraction of Sb from rhizosphere soil showed that strain JL40 also plays a role in Sb immobilization and oxidation in the soil environment. During rice potted cultivation, bacterial community analysis and plate counting showed that the strain JL40 could still maintain 10 CFU/g after 30 days of inoculation. With phenotypic and differential proteomics analysis, strain JL40 conferred Sb(III) tolerance by a combination of immobilization, oxidation, efflux and scavenging of ROS, etc. Our study demonstrates the application of Sb-immobilizing and oxidizing bacteria to lower soil Sb and reduce accumulation of Sb in rice. Our results provide guidance for bacterial remediation of Sb-contaminated soil.
Topics: Soil; Antimony; Comamonas testosteroni; Biodegradation, Environmental; Ecosystem; Reactive Oxygen Species; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 37356310
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108040 -
The Science of the Total Environment Feb 2021Antimony, like arsenic, is a toxic metalloid widely distributed in the environment. Microbial detoxification of antimony has recently been identified. Here we describe a...
Antimony, like arsenic, is a toxic metalloid widely distributed in the environment. Microbial detoxification of antimony has recently been identified. Here we describe a novel bacterial P-type antimonite (Sb(III))-translocating ATPase from the antimony-mining bacterium Comamonas testosterone JL40 that confers resistance to Sb(III). In a comparative proteomics analysis of strain JL40, an operon (ant operon) was up-regulated by Sb(III). The ant operon includes three genes, antR, antC and antA. AntR belongs to the ArsR/SmtB family of metalloregulatory proteins that regulates expression of the ant operon. AntA belongs to the P family of the P-type cation-translocating ATPases. It has both similarities to and differences from other members of the P subfamily and appears to be the first identified member of a distinct subfamily that we designate P. Expression AntA in E. coli AW3110 (Δars) conferred resistance to Sb(III) and reduced the intracellular concentration of Sb(III) but not As(III) or other metals. Everted membrane vesicles from cells expressing antA accumulated Sb(III) but not As(III), where uptake in everted vesicles reflects efflux from cells. AntC is a small protein with a potential Sb(III) binding site, and co-expression of AntC with AntA increased resistance to Sb(III). We propose that AntC functions as an Sb(III) chaperone to AntA, augmenting Sb(III) efflux. The identification of a novel Sb(III)-translocating ATPase enhances our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling of environmental antimony by bacteria.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Antimony; Comamonas testosteroni; Escherichia coli; P-type ATPases
PubMed: 33254899
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142393