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Indian Journal of Dermatology 2015A case of nevus comedonicus syndrome with atypical cutaneous presentation (widespread involvement without any particular pattern, midline lesions involving lower abdomen...
A case of nevus comedonicus syndrome with atypical cutaneous presentation (widespread involvement without any particular pattern, midline lesions involving lower abdomen and involvement of bilateral pinna), and some unusual skeletal (adduction deformity involving bilateral metatarsal along with medial deviation at the level of tarsometatarsal joint), central nervous system (agenesis of corpus callosum with a interhemispheric cyst), visceral (pancreatic cyst) and neurological manifestations have been illustrated.
PubMed: 26288437
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.160523 -
Journal of Medical Ultrasonics (2001) Jul 2023There have been several investigations of non-mass-like (NML) lesions on ultrasound (US) since Uematsu first described this approach, and it is a relatively new concept... (Review)
Review
There have been several investigations of non-mass-like (NML) lesions on ultrasound (US) since Uematsu first described this approach, and it is a relatively new concept for breast examination. However, the results have varied, and there have been only a few studies related to the detailed histopathology of NML lesions on US. Here, we review the histopathology of NML lesions. NML lesions are pathologically benign, atypical, or malignant. There are two major findings of NML lesions on US: architectural distortion and calcifications. Architectural distortion pathologically indicates a fibrous change with ductal proliferation, invasive breast carcinoma, and carcinoma in situ. Histopathologically, microcalcifications are seen in both benign and malignant lesions, and it is important to distinguish between these lesions among NML lesions, particularly fibrocystic changes including adenosis and hyperplasia in the case of benign lesions and carcinoma in situ (ductal and lobular) in the case of malignant lesions. The differential major points may be whether NML lesions are associated with abundant hyperechoic foci, which indicate comedo necrosis on histology. They are usually high-grade carcinoma in situ that may be positive for HER2 or triple negativity. A recent report indicated that low-grade carcinoma in situ showed better survival than higher-grade carcinoma in situ, which is often accompanied by comedo necrosis on histology, reflecting visible microcalcification on US. NML lesions are considered to include a certain rate of low-grade carcinoma in situ. Therefore, more caution may be needed when detecting and managing NML lesions to avoid overdiagnosis and overtreatment as a result of this recent "low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ" concept.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Carcinoma in Situ; Calcinosis; Fibrosis; Hyperplasia; Necrosis
PubMed: 36773105
DOI: 10.1007/s10396-023-01286-y -
The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Sep 2013The conventional perspective of acne pathogenesis holds that Propionibacterium acnes colonizes the duct of the sebaceous follicle, causing an innate immune response and... (Review)
Review
The conventional perspective of acne pathogenesis holds that Propionibacterium acnes colonizes the duct of the sebaceous follicle, causing an innate immune response and the progression from a so-called noninflammatory comedo to an inflammatory papule, pustule, or nodule. However, this viewpoint has come under increasing scrutiny over the last decade, as evidence has emerged supporting a role for inflammation at all stages of acne lesion development, perhaps subclinically even before comedo formation. The immunochemical pathways underlying the initiation and propagation of the inflammation in acne are complex and still being elucidated, but may involve Propionibacterium acnes as well as several inflammatory mediators and their target receptors, including cytokines, defensins, peptidases, sebum lipids, and neuropeptides. This review presents evidence to support the notion that acne is primarily an inflammatory disease, challenging the current nomenclature of noninflammatory versus inflammatory acne lesions and suggesting that the nomenclature is outdated and incorrect. The evidence in support of acne as an inflammatory disease also has clinical implications, in that anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat the disease can be expected to exert effects against all lesion stages, albeit via distinct mechanisms of anti-inflammation.
PubMed: 24062871
DOI: No ID Found -
Oncotarget Sep 2017Osseous metaplasia (OM) is rarely observed in colorectal cancer (incidence < 0.4% in rectal cancer), where it has a non-specific clinical presentation and unknown...
Osseous metaplasia (OM) is rarely observed in colorectal cancer (incidence < 0.4% in rectal cancer), where it has a non-specific clinical presentation and unknown pathogenesis. Here, we report three cases of colorectal carcinoma with OM and propose a new hypothesis. All three patients (two males and one female) were Chinese and had different sites of colorectal carcinoma with OM: rectum, sigmoid colon, and appendix. The pathologic diagnoses were serrated adenocarcinoma; moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with micropapillary carcinoma and cribriform comedo-type adenocarcinoma; and mucinous adenocarcinoma, respectively. Clinical follow-up showed that one patient died 5 months after surgery, but the others are alive after 68 months and 53 months. Immunohistochemistry revealed that CD44, MAPK, MDM2, OPN and PEDF were expressed by both tumor cells and stromal cells, while P53 was expressed only by tumor cells. KRAS/NRAS/BRAF genotyping revealed different KRAS mutations in each of the three cases, but the NRAS and BRAF exons were all wild-type. These findings suggest OM has no relation with NRAS and BRAF mutation, and it is uncertain whether there is a relationship between ossification and KRAS mutation. OPN, MAPK, MDM2, P53, PEDF and CD44 may act as osteogenic factors in colorectal cancer with OM.
PubMed: 29029440
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18577 -
The Hospital Mar 1911
PubMed: 29839050
DOI: No ID Found -
Veterinary Pathology May 2022Mammary gland neoplasms in macropods are uncommonly reported, and the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics are incompletely described. The goal of this...
Mammary gland neoplasms in macropods are uncommonly reported, and the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics are incompletely described. The goal of this study was to describe the morphologic features of macropod mammary neoplasms and to determine the molecular subtypes of mammary carcinomas using a panel of antibodies against estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2), p63, smooth muscle actin (SMA), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Biopsy and necropsy specimens were examined from 21 macropods with mammary tumors submitted to Northwest ZooPath from 1996 to 2019. In accordance with the histologic classification of canine mammary tumors proposed by Goldschmidt and colleagues, tubulopapillary (2), tubular (10), and comedo-carcinomas (2), adenoma (1), lobular hyperplasia (3), fibroadenomatous hyperplasia (1), and mastitis (2) were diagnosed. Red kangaroos () were most commonly diagnosed with mammary carcinomas (79% of all carcinomas). Seven carcinomas had lymphovascular invasion and 2 also had pulmonary metastases. Six of these 7 carcinomas were classified as grade 3. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for all antibodies was performed on 9/14 carcinomas, and partial IHC was performed for 3 cases. All 12 carcinomas were immunoreactive for PR, 5 for ER, 9 for EGFR, and none for Her-2. Five of the 9 mammary carcinomas with complete IHC data were classified as luminal A subtype, and 4 were normal-like subtype. Accurate classification of mammary tumors in macropods based on morphology, immunohistological characteristics, and molecular subtype may be helpful in guiding clinical management, prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets.
Topics: Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Hyperplasia; Immunohistochemistry; Mammary Neoplasms, Animal; Receptors, Estrogen
PubMed: 35001750
DOI: 10.1177/03009858211069164 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2020Dowling-Degos disease (DDD) is a late-onset genodermatosis characterized by hyperpigmented macules on the flexures along with scattered comedo-like lesions and pitted...
Dowling-Degos disease (DDD) is a late-onset genodermatosis characterized by hyperpigmented macules on the flexures along with scattered comedo-like lesions and pitted acneiform scars. Follicular Dowling-Degos is a rare type of DDD, with only two reports so far. It presents with follicular papules and comedo-like lesions predominantly on the face and trunk. Dermoscopy of follicular DDD shows irregular star-shaped/Chinese letter pattern pigmentation along with comedo-like lesions. Herein, we describe diagnostic clues including dermoscopy in three patients of follicular DDD which can help in differentiating it from other disorders presenting with comedo-like lesions.
PubMed: 32831370
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.IJD_260_18