-
Clinics in Sports Medicine Apr 2016This article synthesizes existing literature to provide a summary of the ethical issues concerning patient confidentiality in sport. It outlines the medical principle of... (Review)
Review
This article synthesizes existing literature to provide a summary of the ethical issues concerning patient confidentiality in sport. It outlines the medical principle of confidentiality and identifies cross-cultural ethicolegal variations that shape its implementation. Clinicians' multiple obligations, physical environments, and practice and policy contexts are discussed, and research detailing experiences of maintaining patient confidentiality in sport is reviewed. Policy recommendations for enhancing compliance with this ethical principle are summarized. It is argued that the context of sport exacerbates pressures on clinicians to break patient confidentiality, breaches occur regularly, and interventions are required to enhance ethical compliance in sports medicine.
Topics: Confidentiality; Conflict of Interest; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Doping in Sports; Health Policy; Humans; Physician's Role; Physician-Patient Relations; Sports Medicine; United States
PubMed: 26832971
DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2015.10.006 -
European Journal of Human Genetics :... Aug 2020Good biobank governance implies-at a minimum-transparency and accountability and the implementation of oversight mechanisms. While the biobanking community is in general... (Review)
Review
Good biobank governance implies-at a minimum-transparency and accountability and the implementation of oversight mechanisms. While the biobanking community is in general committed to such principles, little is known about precisely which governance strategies biobanks adopt to meet those objectives. We conducted an exploratory analysis of governance mechanisms adopted by research biobanks, including genetic biobanks, located in Europe and Canada. We reviewed information available on the websites of 69 biobanks, and directly contacted them for additional information. Our study identified six types of commonly adopted governance strategies: communication, compliance, expert advice, external review, internal procedures, and partnerships. Each strategy is implemented through different mechanisms including, independent ethics assessment, informed consent processes, quality management, data access control, legal compliance, standard operating procedures and external certification. Such mechanisms rely on a wide range of bodies, committees and actors from both within and outside the biobanks themselves. We found that most biobanks aim to be transparent about their governance mechanisms, but could do more to provide more complete and detailed information about them. In particular, the retrievable information, while showing efforts to ensure biobanks operate in a legitimate way, does not specify in sufficient detail how governance mechanisms support accountability, nor how they ensure oversight of research operations. This state of affairs can potentially undermine biobanks' trustworthiness to stakeholders and the public in a long-term perspective. Given the ever-increasing reliance of biomedical research on large biological repositories and their associated databases, we recommend that biobanks increase their efforts to future-proof their governance.
Topics: Biological Specimen Banks; Communication; Confidentiality; Databases, Factual; Government Regulation; Health Policy; Humans
PubMed: 32424324
DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-0646-4 -
Indian Journal of Medical Ethics 2017Confidentiality underpins the trust between doctors and patients. As far back as the 2nd century BC, the great Indian physician, Charak, had stated: "Nothing that...
Confidentiality underpins the trust between doctors and patients. As far back as the 2nd century BC, the great Indian physician, Charak, had stated: "Nothing that happens in the house of the sick man must be told outside, nor must the patient's condition be told to anyone who might do harm by that knowledge to the patient or to another".
Topics: Confidentiality; Disclosure; Ethics, Medical; Humans; India; Mobile Applications; Physician-Patient Relations; Physicians; Privacy; Trust
PubMed: 28190792
DOI: 10.20529/IJME.2017.016 -
Genetics in Medicine : Official Journal... Dec 2019
Topics: Confidentiality; Databases, Genetic; Genomics; Humans
PubMed: 31239559
DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0592-0 -
Journal of Medical Ethics Jun 1985
Topics: Complementary Therapies; Confidentiality; Minors; Parental Notification; Physician-Patient Relations; Trust; Truth Disclosure
PubMed: 4009641
DOI: 10.1136/jme.11.2.92 -
Journal of General Internal Medicine Mar 2016Electronic adherence monitors (EAMs) record and report an array of health behaviors, ranging from taking daily medications to wearing medical devices. EAMs are utilized... (Review)
Review
Electronic adherence monitors (EAMs) record and report an array of health behaviors, ranging from taking daily medications to wearing medical devices. EAMs are utilized in research worldwide and are being investigated for clinical use. However, there is also growing popular concern about the extent to which electronic devices may be used to monitor individuals, including allegations in the media that EAMs represent a move towards "Big Brother" in medicine. Here, we highlight the unique benefits as well as the potential ethical challenges that electronic adherence monitoring generates. These challenges surround autonomy, privacy and confidentiality, trust, and ancillary care obligations. We describe key questions within each of these domains that warrant further investigation, and present potential solutions to many of the concerns raised.
Topics: Confidentiality; Humans; Monitoring, Ambulatory; Patient Compliance; Privacy
PubMed: 26358284
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-015-3502-4 -
Emergency Medicine Clinics of North... Aug 2006Respect for privacy and confidentiality have been professional responsibilities of physicians throughout recorded history. This article reviews the moral, religious, and... (Review)
Review
Respect for privacy and confidentiality have been professional responsibilities of physicians throughout recorded history. This article reviews the moral, religious, and legal foundations of privacy and confidentiality and discusses the distinction between these two closely related concepts. Current federal and state laws are reviewed, including HIPAA regulations and their implications for research and care in the emergency department. In the emergency department, privacy and confidentiality often are challenged by physical design, crowding, visitors, film crews, communication, and other factors. These problems are reviewed, and advice and guidelines are offered for helping preserve patients' dignity and rights to privacy and confidentiality.
Topics: Biomedical Research; Confidentiality; Disease Notification; Emergency Medicine; Emergency Service, Hospital; Forms and Records Control; Hospital Design and Construction; Humans; Mandatory Reporting; Privacy; United States
PubMed: 16877134
DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2006.05.005 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... Aug 2019
Topics: Bioethics; Confidentiality; Humans; Narcissism; Physician-Patient Relations
PubMed: 31389499
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.7.932 -
The American Psychologist 2018Research transparency, reproducibility, and data sharing uphold core principles of science at a time when the integrity of scientific research is being questioned. This... (Review)
Review
Research transparency, reproducibility, and data sharing uphold core principles of science at a time when the integrity of scientific research is being questioned. This article discusses how research data in psychology can be made accessible for reproducibility and reanalysis by describing practical ways to overcome barriers to data sharing. We examine key issues surrounding the sharing of data such as who owns research data, how to protect the confidentiality of the research participant, how to give appropriate credit to the data creator, how to deal with metadata and codebooks, how to address provenance, and other specifics such as versioning and file formats. The protection of research subjects is a fundamental obligation, and we explain frameworks and procedures designed to protect against the harms that may result from disclosure of confidential information. We also advocate greater recognition for data creators and the authors of program code used in the management and analysis of data. We argue that research data and program code are important scientific contributions that should be cited in the same way as publications. (PsycINFO Database Record
Topics: Confidentiality; Ethics, Research; Humans; Information Dissemination; Psychology; Reproducibility of Results; Research Design; Research Subjects
PubMed: 29481108
DOI: 10.1037/amp0000258 -
Australian Family Physician Aug 2007Recently the right of adolescents to confidential health care has come under threat. In 2004, the Minister for Health proposed the introduction of legislation to give...
Recently the right of adolescents to confidential health care has come under threat. In 2004, the Minister for Health proposed the introduction of legislation to give parents access to all information held by Medicare Australia (formerly the Health Insurance Commission) concerning their child/ren under 16 years of age. Ultimately this legislation was withdrawn in the face of concern that it would have been detrimental to the health of adolescents. This article examines the duty of general practitioners to maintain confidentiality when treating adolescent patients. Case histories are based on actual medical negligence claims or medicolegal referrals, however, certain facts have been omitted or changed by the author to ensure the anonymity of the parties involved.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Health Services; Australia; Confidentiality; Contraceptive Agents, Female; Ethics, Medical; Female; Humans; Mother-Child Relations; Physician-Patient Relations; Sexual Behavior
PubMed: 17676192
DOI: No ID Found