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JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical... 2018Reported here is a case of conjoined twins presented to ante-natal outpatient department of Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital on 21st August 2015 on a 20 year...
Reported here is a case of conjoined twins presented to ante-natal outpatient department of Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital on 21st August 2015 on a 20 year "Primigravida at 27 weeks and 6days of gestation not in labor" referred from a polyclinic following ultrasonography diagnosis for better management. After confirming the diagnosis and counseling the patients regarding mode of delivery and possible outcomes, elective caesarean section was performed and delivered male conjoined twins of Parapagusdicephalus type with poor Apgar score. No resuscitation attempted except oxygen supplementation as per wish of parents and early neonatal deaths occurred at one hour of life. Keywords: conjoined twins; monozygotic twins; siamese twins; twinning; twin pregnancy.
Topics: Adult; Apgar Score; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Patient Care Management; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Twins, Conjoined; Ultrasonography, Prenatal
PubMed: 30381771
DOI: No ID Found -
Cold Spring Harbor Protocols Feb 2019In 1924, Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold (née Pröscholdt) published their famous work describing the transplantation of dorsal blastopore lip of one newt gastrula...
In 1924, Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold (née Pröscholdt) published their famous work describing the transplantation of dorsal blastopore lip of one newt gastrula embryo onto the ventral side of a host embryo at the same stage. They performed these grafts using two newt species with different pigmentation ( and ) to follow the fate of the grafted tissue. These experiments resulted in the development of conjoined twins attached through their belly. Because of the difference in embryo pigmentation between the two species, they determined that the bulk of the secondary embryo arose from the host embryo while the grafted tissue per se gave increase to the notochord and a few somitic cells. This meant that the dorsal blastopore lip was able to organize an almost complete embryo out of ventral tissue. The dorsal blastopore lip is now called the Spemann-Mangold organizer. Here, we describe a simple yet efficient protocol to perform these grafts using the anuran
Topics: Animals; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Gastrula; Organizers, Embryonic; Transplantation, Homologous; Xenopus
PubMed: 29321278
DOI: 10.1101/pdb.prot097345 -
Birth Defects Research Jul 2022Conjoined triplets are among the rarest of human malformations, as are asymmetric or parasitic conjoined twins. Based on a very modest corpus of recent literature, we... (Review)
Review
Conjoined triplets are among the rarest of human malformations, as are asymmetric or parasitic conjoined twins. Based on a very modest corpus of recent literature, we applied the embryonic disk model of conjoined twinning to 10 previously reported cases involving asymmetric anatomical multiplications to determine whether they concerned conjoined twins or conjoined triplets. In spite of their phenotypic similarities, we diagnosed four of these cases as conjoined twins and three of them as conjoined triplets. In the remaining three cases, no definite diagnosis could be made, as essential information was lacking from the reports. We conclude that it is not necessarily the expected duplication or triplication of structures that points to the correct diagnosis in these cases, but the number and mutual position of the hearts they presented with. Considering their rarity we stress to thoroughly investigate and describe internal (dys)morphology in novel cases of (asymmetric) conjoined twins and triplets to further unravel their pathogenicity and come to the correct diagnoses.
Topics: Heart; Humans; Twins, Conjoined
PubMed: 35766259
DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2066 -
Cureus Nov 2022Cord entanglement and conjoined twins are unique complications of monoamniotic monochorionic pregnancy. This case report describes a case of monoamniotic twins'...
Cord entanglement and conjoined twins are unique complications of monoamniotic monochorionic pregnancy. This case report describes a case of monoamniotic twins' intrauterine demise due to lethal cord entanglement. A 26-year-old unbooked primigravida was reported in the emergency labor room at 32 weeks with the complaint of loss of fetal movements since the previous day. On obstetric examination, the uterus appeared enlarged and discordant with the gestational age, multiple fetal parts were felt on palpation, and the pelvic grip was empty. Doppler could not detect any fetal heartbeat. The emergency obstetric sonography scan showed twins, the first in breech and the second in vertex presentation. Fetal heart sound was not found for either of the twins. The patient was counseled, and the decision was taken to terminate the pregnancy by lower-segment cesarean section. During the cesarean to deliver the babies, monochorionic and monoamniotic pregnancy was confirmed.
PubMed: 36349075
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31047 -
Clinical Case Reports Aug 2021Dicephalus parapagus are conjoined twins with two separate heads. Proper identification helps in patient counseling and timely referral to specialist centers.
Dicephalus parapagus are conjoined twins with two separate heads. Proper identification helps in patient counseling and timely referral to specialist centers.
PubMed: 34430022
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4663 -
Medical Journal, Armed Forces India Jul 2015
PubMed: 26265805
DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2013.07.006 -
Cureus Sep 2022Conjoined twins are described as having been physically fused during pregnancy and delivery. They were first mentioned a long time ago when there was not much known... (Review)
Review
Conjoined twins are described as having been physically fused during pregnancy and delivery. They were first mentioned a long time ago when there was not much known about this. They share some organs that are vital for survival, like the heart; these twins are almost impossible to save, but there are some cases wherein there is evidence of their survival. The article aims to present a unique discussion on conjoined twins. This article talks about the formation of conjoint twins, their types and nomenclatures, embryological concepts, past history/traditional tales, case studies, and the medical enhancements happening in this area. Both fission and fusion are thought to contribute to the disease. A monozygotic twin pregnancy cleaves when it occurs more than thirteen days after fertilization. There is just one placenta and one womb for conjoined twins (one amniotic sac). The twins that are born and stay alive after delivery usually stay alive for a few days or weeks. It's pretty rare for them to live a long prosperous life, but this article shows the otherwise, too, like the Siamese twins, which is a unique example of conjoint twins who lived for a long time. This kind of pregnancy is a complex procedure that needs to be managed by a team of professionals.
PubMed: 36312620
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29526 -
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology... Mar 2013
PubMed: 24431606
DOI: 10.1007/s13224-012-0138-8 -
Acta Neuropathologica Communications Aug 2014We explored the prevalence of syringomyelia in a series of 113 cases of fetal dysraphism and hindbrain crowding, of gestational age ranging from 17.5 to 34 weeks with...
We explored the prevalence of syringomyelia in a series of 113 cases of fetal dysraphism and hindbrain crowding, of gestational age ranging from 17.5 to 34 weeks with the vast majority less than 26 weeks gestational age. We found syringomyelia in 13 cases of Chiari II malformations, 5 cases of Omphalocele/Exostrophy/Imperforate anus/Spinal abnormality (OEIS), 2 cases of Meckel Gruber syndrome and in a single pair of pyopagus conjoined twins. Secondary injury was not uncommon, with vernicomyelia in Chiari malformations, infarct like histology, or old hemorrhage in 8 cases of syringomyelia. Vernicomyelia did not occur in the absence of syrinx formation. The syringes extended from the sites of dysraphism, in ascending or descending patterns. The syringes were usually in a major proportion anatomically distinct from a dilated or denuded central canal and tended to be dorsal and paramedian or median. We suggest that fetal syringomyelia in Chiari II malformation and other dysraphic states is often established prior to midgestation, has contributions from the primary malformation as well as from secondary in utero injury and is anatomically and pathophysiologically distinct from post natal syringomyelia secondary to hindbrain crowding.
Topics: Anus, Imperforate; Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Ciliary Motility Disorders; Encephalocele; Fetus; Gestational Age; Hernia, Umbilical; Humans; Polycystic Kidney Diseases; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Scoliosis; Syringomyelia; Urogenital Abnormalities
PubMed: 25092126
DOI: 10.1186/s40478-014-0091-0