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Frontiers in Public Health 2021Nurses caring for patients who contract coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have experienced significant traumas in the form of increased workloads, negative patient... (Review)
Review
Nurses caring for patients who contract coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have experienced significant traumas in the form of increased workloads, negative patient outcomes, and less social support system access. Nurses should be provided with information regarding early detection, coping skills and treatment for anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSS)/post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other mental health disorders. Early intervention is important as mental health disorders can cause dysfunction, internal suffering, and in the most extreme situations, lead to death if not properly cared for. Healthcare corporations should consider providing coverage for mental health treatment for employees who experience COVID-19 traumas. With the implementation of healthy coping skills and therapeutic intervention, nurses will be able to let go of the negative impacts that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused and reintegrate into their roles as caring and entrusted health care providers. The current paper evaluates the mental health disorders encountered by nurses in the COVID-19 era based on the current medical literature and aims to provide practical coping strategies.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; COVID-19; Humans; Mental Health; Nurses; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34765579
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.707358 -
BMC Psychology Jul 2018Wellbeing and resilience are essential in preventing and reducing the severity of mental health problems. Equipping children with coping skills and protective behavior... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Wellbeing and resilience are essential in preventing and reducing the severity of mental health problems. Equipping children with coping skills and protective behavior can help them react positively to change and obstacles in life, allowing greater mental, social and academic success. This systematic review studies the implementation and evaluation of universal, resilience-focused mental health promotion programs based in primary schools.
METHODS
A systematic review of literature used five primary databases: PsycINFO; Web of Science; PubMed; Medline; Embase and The Cochrane Library; and keywords related to (a) health education, health promotion, mental health, mental health promotion, social and emotional wellbeing; (b) school health service, student, schools, whole-school; (c) adolescent, child, school child, pre-adolescent; (d) emotional intelligence, coping behavior, emotional adjustment, resilienc*, problem solving, to identify relevant articles. Articles included featured programs that were universally implemented in a primary school setting and focused on teaching of skills, including coping skills, help-seeking behaviors, stress management, and mindfulness, and were aimed at the overall goal of increasing resilience among students.
RESULTS
Of 3087 peer-reviewed articles initially identified, 475 articles were further evaluated with 11 reports on evaluations of 7 school-based mental health promotion programs meeting the inclusion criteria. Evaluation tools used in program evaluation are also reviewed, with successful trends in evaluations discussed. Encouraging results were seen when the program was delivered by teachers within the schools. Length of programing did not seem important to outcomes. Across all 7 programs, few long-term sustained effects were recorded following program completion.
CONCLUSIONS
This review provides evidence that mental health promotion programs that focus on resilience and coping skills have positive impacts on the students' ability to manage daily stressors.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Child; Health Promotion; Humans; Mental Health; Program Evaluation; Resilience, Psychological; School Health Services; Students
PubMed: 29976252
DOI: 10.1186/s40359-018-0242-3 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2020Informal caregivers have an important role in bridging the gap between the assistance care recipients need and what can be provided by the health care systems across... (Review)
Review
Informal caregivers have an important role in bridging the gap between the assistance care recipients need and what can be provided by the health care systems across Europe. The burden of the caregiving role places a significant threat to caregiver health, and the vast majority of caregiver's report stress and emotional strain, depression, and increased rates of chronic diseases. In line with this, strengthening the caregiver's mental health is one of the main goals for optimal caregiving. Caregivers already struggle with the demand of their role while coping with health problems, social, family, and work obligations. The solution for the caregiver's mental health needs to be accessible, low cost, and time-effective. This scoping review investigates digital mental health tools available as a mean of supporting the mental health of caregivers. Databases searched include Summon search box, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed. Three groups of keywords were combined: relating to digital mental health interventions for caregivers, digital mental health interventions and stress in elderly care, and digital mental health interventions and burden in elderly care. Caregivers reported that digital mental health tools have an overall positive role in their health. Coping skills, emotion regulation, skill building, and education are found to be important aspects of digital mental health tools. There was a noted lack of digital mental health apps available specifically for the caregiver of older adults. Furthermore, the digital mental health tools, divided into three categories in this review, focused either on building skills or educating caregivers and assisting with the duties rather than the mental health of the caregiver itself. As repeatedly suggested in the reviewed studies, digital mental health interventions overall contribute to reducing the caregiver burden with a limitation of addressing one aspect of caregiver needs -i.e., specific coping skills or education regarding illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease and Dementia. The lack of all-encompassing, data and theory-driven digital mental health tools for addressing and supporting the caregiver's mental health is evident.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Caregivers; Europe; Humans; Mental Health
PubMed: 32411643
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00128 -
BMC Psychiatry Jun 2022Child maltreatment is a prevalent and notable problem in rural China, and the prevalence and severity of depression in rural areas are higher than the national norm....
BACKGROUND
Child maltreatment is a prevalent and notable problem in rural China, and the prevalence and severity of depression in rural areas are higher than the national norm. Several studies have found that loneliness and coping skills respectively mediated the relationship between child maltreatment and depression. However, few studies have examined the roles of loneliness and coping skills in child maltreatment and depression based on gender differences.
METHODS
All participants were from rural communities aged more than 18 years in Shandong province, and 879 valid samples (female:63.4%) ranging in age from 18 to 91 years old were analyzed. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D), the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), and the Emotional and Social Loneliness Scale (ESLS) were used to evaluate child maltreatment, depression, coping skills and loneliness.
RESULTS
Child maltreatment was more common and severe in males than females (F = 3.99; p < 0.05). Loneliness and coping skills partially mediated the relationship between child maltreatment and depression in males, but loneliness fully mediated the relationship between child maltreatment and depression in females.
CONCLUSION
In this study, males were more likely to experience child maltreatment. Child maltreatment and depression were correlated. We also found a mediating role of loneliness and coping skills for males and a mediating role of loneliness in females.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child Abuse; Depression; Female; Humans; Loneliness; Male; Middle Aged; Rural Population; Young Adult
PubMed: 35729560
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04056-1 -
European Journal of Oncology Nursing :... Dec 2022Patients with hematologic malignancies experience anxiety and depressive symptoms from diagnosis through survivorship. The aim of this systematic review is to determine... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Patients with hematologic malignancies experience anxiety and depressive symptoms from diagnosis through survivorship. The aim of this systematic review is to determine if coping skill interventions can reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms for persons with hematologic cancer.
METHODS
Databases including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, APA PyschInfo, Scopus, and Cochrane were searched in June of 2021 for coping skill interventional studies with adult patients with hematologic cancer and outcomes of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Search terms, definitions, and inclusion/exclusion criteria were guided by the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, and quality appraisal utilized the Johns Hopkins Evidence Based Practice Appraisal tool. The study was registered in PROSPERO under "CRD42021262967."
RESULTS
Eleven studies met inclusion criteria with ten studies evaluating anxiety symptoms and nine studies evaluating depressive symptoms. Of ten studies with 449 participants evaluating anxiety, five studies showed significant reduction (p < 0.05), three found small to moderate effect size reductions not reaching statistical significance (p > 0.05), and only two showed no reduction in anxiety symptoms. Of nine studies with 429 participants evaluating depressive symptoms, three had significant reductions (p < 0.05), three reported small to moderate effect size reductions not reaching statistical significance (p > 0.05), and three found no effect on depressive symptoms. Coping interventions that were problem-focused as opposed to emotion-focused were most effective for both anxiety and depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review finds evidence that problem-focused coping interventions reduce anxiety symptoms among patients with hematologic malignancies, with mixed evidence for reduction of depressive symptoms. Nurses and other clinicians caring for patients with hematologic cancers may employ coping skill interventions as a potential way to mitigate anxiety and depressive symptoms.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION ID
CRD42021262967.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Depression; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Adaptation, Psychological; Hematologic Neoplasms
PubMed: 36375304
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2022.102224 -
Clinical Neuropsychiatry Aug 2023The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic is a mass traumatic event that has universally and indiscriminately negatively affected the world. The adverse consequences of the... (Review)
Review
The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic is a mass traumatic event that has universally and indiscriminately negatively affected the world. The adverse consequences of the pandemic have globally impacted psychological health and well-being via increased stressors, such as uncertainty, health anxieties, and financial instability. During the initial months of the pandemic, we (Polizzi et al., 2020) identified coping strategies that may be well-suited to address the sequelae of the pandemic. These strategies included behavioral activation, acceptance-based coping, mindfulness practice, and loving-kindness meditation. We argued that these coping skills may foster resilience and recovery during the pandemic by generating a sense of social connection, encouraging meaning-making, and enhancing feelings of control amid uncertainty. Three years later, we update our initial suggestions by providing a narrative review that considers empirical evidence collected during the pandemic to support the utility of the previously identified coping strategies as well as additional strategies. We also discuss cross-cultural similarities and differences among these strategies and how research supports their application across diverse countries and groups. Finally, we conclude by synthesizing the literature within a regulatory flexibility framework that emphasizes flexible skill implementation with respect to sensitivity to context, coping repertoires, and feedback from the environment.
PubMed: 37791081
DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230411 -
Scandinavian Journal of Pain Jan 2024The aim of this study is to compare the use of pain coping strategies and pain catastrophizing in youth with and without cerebral palsy (CP), and to examine how these... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to compare the use of pain coping strategies and pain catastrophizing in youth with and without cerebral palsy (CP), and to examine how these two groups differ with respect to the associations between pain coping, catastrophizing, and measures of psychological function and sleep disturbance.
METHODS
Twenty-seven individuals with CP and 49 healthy controls aged 15-22 were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Pain was assessed using a semi-structured interviews and participants completed measures of pain coping, pain catastrophizing, psychological function, and sleep.
RESULTS
Youth with CP used information seeking and problem solving ( = 0.003, Cohen's () = -0.80) and sought social support ( = 0.044, = -0.51) less often, and used internalizing as a coping strategy more often ( = 0.045, = 0.59) than healthy controls. The use of information seeking and problem solving correlated more strongly with measures of depression ( = 0.023, Cohen's () 0.08) and sleep disturbance ( = 0.022, 0.08), while behavioral distraction correlated more strongly with measures of anxiety ( = 0.006, 0.11) and sleep disturbance ( = 0.017, 0.09) in youth with CP, compared to healthy controls.
CONCLUSIONS
The study findings raise the possibility that youth with CP may benefit more in terms of psychological function and sleep quality from coping training interventions that focus on behavioral distraction, information seeking, and problem solving. Research to test these ideas in additional samples of youth with CP is warranted.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Catastrophization; Cerebral Palsy; Coping Skills; Cross-Sectional Studies; Pain; Sleep Wake Disorders; Young Adult
PubMed: 38451484
DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2023-0062 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2022The current study compared the level of proactive coping and social-emotional adjustment of students with and without learning disabilities. In addition to the...
The current study compared the level of proactive coping and social-emotional adjustment of students with and without learning disabilities. In addition to the relationship, influence of proactive coping on social-emotional adjustment of students with and without learning disabilities was also explored. Using a multistage random sampling method researcher selected students with and without learning disabilities in the age group of 15-17 years; each group consists of 150 participants from different high schools in Kerala. The instruments employed in this study were the Proactive Coping Inventory and the Adjustment Inventory for School Students-AISS. Correlation, -test, and regression analysis were used to analyses the data. The students with learning disabilities have found to have lower levels of proactive coping and social emotional adjustment than those without learning disabilities. Further, a positive correlation between social emotional adjustment and proactive coping was also observed. The regression analysis has revealed that proactive coping of students with and without learning disabilities was significantly predicting their adjustment. As students with learning disabilities showing lower proactive coping skills, the study emphasizes the need to enhance proactive coping among students with learning disabilities. Improving proactive coping in both students with and without learning disabilities may help to mitigate social emotional adjustment issues.
PubMed: 36275264
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.949708 -
Psychiatry Investigation Jan 2020As coping strategies can influence the illness course of mood disorder, they could be potential targets for psychological intervention. The current study investigated...
OBJECTIVE
As coping strategies can influence the illness course of mood disorder, they could be potential targets for psychological intervention. The current study investigated the similarities and differences in stress coping styles between bipolar disorder (BD) and depressive disorder (DD).
METHODS
Subjects with BD (n=135) and DD (n=100) who met the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were included in this analysis. Coping strategies were assessed using the coping inventory for stressful situations and depressive symptoms were assessed by Beck depression inventory.
RESULTS
The BD group showed significantly more avoidant and task-oriented coping than the DD group (t=2.714, p=0.007; t=2.193, p=0.039). After excluding the effect of the depressive symptoms themselves (by comparing two groups in non-depressive state), the BD group still showed significantly more avoidant and task-oriented coping than the DD group (t=2.040, p=0.045; t=2.556, p=0.013), but when the symptoms of depression get greater, the difference between BD and DD coping strategies were reduced.
CONCLUSION
Subjects with BD tend to use more task and avoidant coping than DD subjects. But when the symptoms of depression get greater, the difference in coping strategies between BD and DD were reduced.
PubMed: 31995974
DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.0152 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2022Asian Americans comprise 21% of matriculating medical students in the United States but little is known about their mental health. With the growing focus on addressing...
PURPOSE
Asian Americans comprise 21% of matriculating medical students in the United States but little is known about their mental health. With the growing focus on addressing the mental health of medical students, this systematic, nationwide survey assesses the relationship between anxiety and depression symptoms and coping skills among Asian American medical students.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A survey tool comprised of Patient Health Questionnaire-9, General Anxiety Disorder-7, and questions related to coping were emailed to members of the Asian Pacific American Medical Students Association enrolled in a United States medical school during the 2016-2017 academic year. We evaluated associations between anxiety and coping as well as depression and coping.
RESULTS
A total of 511 Asian American medical students completed the survey. Anxiety symptoms were positively correlated with an increase in negative coping skills. Depressive symptoms were not correlated with an increase in negative coping skills.
CONCLUSION
Professionals and medical schools that aim to improve the mental health of medical students should be aware of the needs of specific populations. Asian American students who experience anxiety were more likely to utilize avoidant or negative coping strategies. In addition, Asian American students who experience depressive symptoms were not more likely to utilize these negative coping strategies. Further research must be done to evaluate the factors that influence the use of negative coping strategies to better address anxiety within the Asian American medical student population.
PubMed: 36118486
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.929227