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Nursing Open Jun 2023There is a continuing need to implement strategies that create opportunities to develop leadership in Qatar, and to build institutions that can produce effective health...
AIM
There is a continuing need to implement strategies that create opportunities to develop leadership in Qatar, and to build institutions that can produce effective health managers and leaders. The scarcity of information and studies relating to leadership in this major healthcare corporation must be addressed. This article aims to explore nursing leadership styles and transformational leadership skills among nursing leaders, in Qatar. The study was conducted from October 2020 to January 2021.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional Study.
METHODS
A validated survey was administered to explore the prevalence of leadership styles and transformational leadership skills. Subsequent statistical data analysis achieved the research objectives. The Multi-Factor Leadership Questionnaire (Western Journal of Nursing Research, 1996) was used as an online de-identified validated questionnaire.
RESULTS
Eighty-nine nurses completed the survey. The nurse leaders in this study exhibited leadership traits or qualities that confirm transformational leadership. Some nurse leaders also exhibited transactional and autocratic leadership styles. Directors of nursing exhibit higher levels of transformational leadership style than head nurses, while the latter is more likely to manifest an autocratic leadership style. This study indicates that a development roadmap is needed to transform more nursing leaders into transformational leaders, particularly head nurses, and to universally improve transformational leadership skills among all nursing staff members.
Topics: Humans; Leadership; Nurse Administrators; Cross-Sectional Studies; Qatar; Job Satisfaction
PubMed: 36760040
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1636 -
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica... Apr 2018Cross-sectional studies serve many purposes, and the cross-sectional design is the most relevant design when assessing the prevalence of disease, attitudes and knowledge... (Review)
Review
Cross-sectional studies serve many purposes, and the cross-sectional design is the most relevant design when assessing the prevalence of disease, attitudes and knowledge among patients and health personnel, in validation studies comparing, for example, different measurement instruments, and in reliability studies. This paper describes the use of cross-sectional studies and provides examples within obstetrics and gynecology. Caveats are also described; for example, when cross-sectional data is used for analytical purposes of associations between an exposure and an outcome, authors and readers should be careful not to make causal inferences, unless the exposure may safely be assumed to be stable over time and not influenced by experiencing the outcome. In such cases, analyses are also subject to selection and information bias as well as confounding.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Gynecology; Humans; Obstetrics; Reproducibility of Results; Research Design; Validation Studies as Topic
PubMed: 29453895
DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13331 -
Nursing Open May 2020To describe the experience of distress in people with cancer of working age.
AIM
To describe the experience of distress in people with cancer of working age.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, patients ( = 168) with both ongoing ( = 56) and completed treatment ( = 105) completed the Distress Thermometer and the detailed problem list. Data were analysed by descriptive and analytical statistics.
RESULTS
A large proportion of patients (29%) continued to experience high distress (>3 according to the Distress Thermometer) even after treatment was completed. Patients experienced several problems after treatment had ended such as fatigue (44%), sleep problems (34%), worries (31%), pain (31%), tingling in hands and feet (31%) and problems with memory/concentration (30%). Patients with financial/insurance problems had significantly higher distress than those who did not have these problems.
Topics: Anxiety; Cross-Sectional Studies; Fatigue; Humans; Neoplasms; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 32257273
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.460 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022This paper aims to evaluate the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors among the Chinese elderly. Also, according to whether the elderly communicate...
PURPOSE
This paper aims to evaluate the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors among the Chinese elderly. Also, according to whether the elderly communicate with doctors (no matter before or after self-medication), we aimed to categorize self-medication and explore the associated factors.
METHODS
It was a cross-sectional study. Data were derived from the 2018 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). According to whether communicate with doctors or not, self-medication was reclassified as "self-medicate and NOT communicating with a doctor," and "self-medicate and communicate with a doctor." A binary logistic regression was used to identify which elderly were more likely to self-medicate, and a multinomial logistic regression was applied to explore the associated influencing factors of self-medication classifications.
RESULTS
A total of 17,445 individuals aged ≥45 years were enrolled. The prevalence of self-medication was 58.60%. Self-medication was strongly associated with sex, education level, pension, self-reported general health status, chronic illness, satisfaction with local medical services, and three province-level socioeconomic welfare variables. About 19.64% of self-medication populations had communicated with a doctor. Higher education level and younger age were significantly associated with a higher probability of "self-medication and communication with a doctor."
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of self-medication among the Chinese elderly is increasing over the year. Health education on appropriate medication use targeting elder adults with low education levels is highly recommended. The typology of self-medication and its factors are new research entry points and could be meaningful for future studies.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Longitudinal Studies; China; Chronic Disease; Self Report
PubMed: 36339244
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.954305 -
La Clinica Terapeutica May 2021Social media could be considered as an interesting complementary tool to the public health domain. Although the literature has studied in detail the efficacy of some of...
Social media could be considered as an interesting complementary tool to the public health domain. Although the literature has studied in detail the efficacy of some of these platforms, it is unclear whether Instagram® can play a role in the adoption of long-term healthy habits. A healthy food Instagram account called the "ChefTaste" was created to assess both the impact of this platform and the time needed for it to exert influence on its followers. After six months, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Out of 493 candidates, 171 did not follow any healthy food account, 204 followed "ChefTaste" account and 118 fol-lowed other healthy food accounts. Users who followed any healthy food account had a higher probability of not just eating better [OR=1.50 (1.03,2.18) p=0.036] but also indulging in more exercise [OR=1.46 (1.00,2.13) p=0.048] and were more cautious about what they were eating [OR=1.67 (1.13, 2.46) p=0.01]. Furthermore, on comparing the results of "ChefTaste" followers with those of other healthy accounts, we found there were no statistically significant differences with respect to healthy eating and weekly exercise. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of Instagram® which could be explained by its social support and simplicity. Authors, therefore, believe that Instagram® could play a potential tool in improving the lifestyle of individuals.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Exercise; Habits; Humans; Life Style; Social Media
PubMed: 33956040
DOI: 10.7417/CT.2021.2317 -
Inquiry : a Journal of Medical Care... 2023The need for an effective health personnel team is important due to the increasing complexity of patient care and increasing co-morbidities. Interprofessional...
The need for an effective health personnel team is important due to the increasing complexity of patient care and increasing co-morbidities. Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) among healthcare professionals offers appropriate collaborative management for humans. This study aimed to assess the attitude and barriers to IPC in hospitals among healthcare professionals in Lahore, Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling technique. Healthcare professionals (speech-language pathologists, audiologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, psychologists, psychiatrists, neurologists, ENT specialists, pediatricians, dentists, and nursing staff) working at Children Hospital, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Pakistan Society for the Rehabilitation of the Disabled (PSRD), Lahore, Pakistan were included. The paper and online survey questionnaire composed in the google form and attitudes toward healthcare teams scale (ATHCT) and barriers scale toward interprofessional collaboration were used. Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used to analyze the survey data through frequency analyses and percentage distributions. Most of the respondents (response rate = 88.1%) had positive attitudes toward IPC and strongly agreed on 9 positive statements in ATHCT. Statistically, Major barriers were role and leadership ambiguity 68.6%, different goals of individual team members 68.1%, and 53.3% strongly agreed on the difference in levels of authority, power, expertise, and income. Although healthcare professionals have an optimistic attitude toward IPC, several healthcare professionals come across challenges during the practice of IPC. To overcome the analyzed barriers, the higher healthcare authorities must encourage interprofessional collaborative strategies and models.
Topics: Child; Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Personnel; Hospitals; Nursing Staff; Attitude
PubMed: 37162170
DOI: 10.1177/00469580231171014 -
Nursing Open Mar 2022Racial disparities between multimorbidity presence and healthcare utilization are present within the United States, but less is known about the relationship between...
AIM
Racial disparities between multimorbidity presence and healthcare utilization are present within the United States, but less is known about the relationship between multimorbidity presence and healthcare utilization among Black Americans. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between multimorbidity and healthcare utilization among Black Americans.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
METHODS
This study (n = 425, 57% female) used adult level data from the 2012-2013 Connecticut Health Care Survey.
RESULTS
Multivariate logistic regressions indicated that multimorbidity presence predicted a doctor and a specialist visit, but not a dentist visit.
CONCLUSION
This study identified multimorbidity presence as a predictor for healthcare utilization, but further research is necessary to understand healthcare utilization experiences among Black Americans with multimorbidity to assess the quality of care. Appropriate measures should also be considered to increase access to dental care for Black Americans with multimorbidity.
Topics: Adult; Black or African American; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Multimorbidity; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Racial Groups; United States
PubMed: 34935300
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1095 -
Nursing Open May 2021We aimed to reveal the relationship of meditation with emotional intelligence (EI), sleep quality and melatonin level.
AIM
We aimed to reveal the relationship of meditation with emotional intelligence (EI), sleep quality and melatonin level.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study.
METHODS
Our current research was performed on middle-aged women. EI scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and night-time saliva melatonin were measured for 65 participants including 33 meditators and 32 controls.
RESULTS
The meditation group showed a significantly higher EI score than the control group. In the regression analysis between EI and age, only the meditation group showed a significant positive correlation. The Pearson correlation analysis among all participants revealed a significant negative correlation between PSQI and EI. There was no significant group difference in the melatonin and PSQI.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Emotional Intelligence; Female; Humans; Meditation; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Saliva
PubMed: 34482661
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.715 -
BMC Public Health Jan 2023The primary objective of this study was to evaluate knowledge and behavior of medication use among guardians of left-behind children (LBC) and non-left-behind children...
PURPOSE
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate knowledge and behavior of medication use among guardians of left-behind children (LBC) and non-left-behind children (NLBC).
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chengdu, the major city of southwestern China from May 2020 to August 2020. A logistic regression model was conducted to assess medication-related knowledge and behavior of guardians between the LBC group and NLBC group, adjusted for confounders. Stratified analysis was further performed.
RESULTS
The overall mean scores for knowledge and for behavior were 20.22 (standard deviation = 4.472) and 15.77 (standard deviation = 3.604), respectively. No significant difference was found in medication-related knowledge and behavior scores between LBC and NLBC guardians (P > 0.05). A significant difference was only observed after adjusting for past medical history and history of present illness (HPI).
CONCLUSION
There was no significant difference in the awareness and behavior of medication use between guardians of LBC and NLBC in this study, having more contact with the doctor was an effective method of health education that could possibly improve their health literacy.
Topics: Humans; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Rural Population; China; Logistic Models
PubMed: 36647024
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-14989-1 -
BMC Pediatrics Nov 2022To examine whether the levels of aggressive behaviors and other individual and contextual variables differ between left-behind adolescents (LBA) and not left-behind...
BACKGROUND
To examine whether the levels of aggressive behaviors and other individual and contextual variables differ between left-behind adolescents (LBA) and not left-behind adolescents (NLBA) and explore associations between aggression and other constructs among them.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted and 4530 school adolescents aged 9-18 years in north and south of China were randomly selected. The levels of aggressive behavior, personality and family and classroom environment were compared between LBA and NLBA and also the associated factors of aggression.
RESULTS
The total scores of aggressive behaviors were 6.33 ± 6.35 (Mean ± SD) in LBA and 5.78 ± 6.16 (Mean ± SD) in NLBA. Multiple linear regression models revealed that neuroticism and psychoticism were positively associated with aggressive behaviors for LBA with similar results of NLBA. Cohesion was negatively associated with aggressive behaviors, and conflict and achievement had positive effects in NLBA. Organization had a negative effect in LBA. Uncertainty and dissatisfaction had positive effects on aggression both in LBA and NLBA.
CONCLUSION
This study found a slightly higher level of aggressive behaviors in LBA comparing with NLBA. Personality was the mainly associated factor of aggression, but class-based interventions were more practical for aggressive behaviors in Chinese LBA.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Aggression; Asian People; Personality; China
PubMed: 36419051
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03736-x