-
BMC Medical Imaging Nov 2023Maxillary morphology has long been a subject of interest due to its possible impact on palatally and labially displaced canines. This study aims to conduct a comparison...
OBJECTIVE
Maxillary morphology has long been a subject of interest due to its possible impact on palatally and labially displaced canines. This study aims to conduct a comparison of the palate morphology between individuals with palatal and labially displaced canines and control subjects using statistical shape analysis on a coronal cross-sectional of CBCT images.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients aged between 12 and 43 years with palatally or labially displaced canines referred to Hamadan School of Dentistry between 2014 and 2019 were recruited for this retrospective study. The sample included 29 palatally displaced canines (PDC), 20 labially displaced canines (LDC), and 20 control groups (CG). Initially, the maxillary palate coronal section was acquired and landmarked in the region between the right and the left first molar. Procrustes and principal component analyses were used to identify the primary patterns of palatal shape variation. Statistical tests were then performed to examine both shape and size differences.
RESULTS
According to the results of Hotelling's T2 test, there is a significant difference between the mean shape of palate in PDC and CG (P = 0.009), while the difference between the PDC-LDC and LDC-CG groups is not significant. The longest full Procrustes distance was observed between PDC and CG (distance = 0.043), and the shortest full Procrustes distance was observed between LDC and CG (distance = 0.029). The first two principal components accounted for 84.47% of the total variance. The predictive accuracy of the discriminant analysis model showed that 72.46% of cases were correctly classified into the three study groups.
CONCLUSIONS
In terms of centroid size, there was no significant difference in the sectional area between the three groups, but the difference between the mean shape of palate in the PDC and CG groups was significant. The PDC group showed more prominent mid-palatal area in the molar region.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Dogs; Child; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Retrospective Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cuspid; Incisor; Palate; Tooth, Impacted
PubMed: 38031064
DOI: 10.1186/s12880-023-01158-4 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2020Recently, reports of unwanted tooth movements despite intact orthodontic bonded retainers have increased. These movements are not subject to relapse but are classified...
BACKGROUND
Recently, reports of unwanted tooth movements despite intact orthodontic bonded retainers have increased. These movements are not subject to relapse but are classified as a new developed malocclusion. The aims of the present pilot study were to analyze the prevalence of unwanted tooth movements despite intact bonded cuspid-to-cuspid retainers and to identify possible predisposing factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Plaster casts of all patients finishing orthodontic treatment during three consecutive years were assessed before treatment (T0), after multibracket appliance debonding (T1) and after two years of retention (T2). After multibracket appliance treatment, all patients received a cuspid-to-cuspid flexible spiral wire retainer bonded to each tooth of the retained segment in the upper and lower jaw. The study group (SG) consisted of 44 patients (16 male, 28 female) with tooth movements (T1-T2) of the retained segment despite intact bonded cuspid-to-cuspid retainer and the control group (CG) of 43 patients (19 male, 24 female) without unwanted tooth movements. The casts of the SG were digitized, superimposed and measured. Using the Chi-square test, Fisher´s exact test and Mann-Whitney-U-test (p < 0.05), mandibular plane angle, incisor proclination, oral dysfunctions or habits (T0) and intercanine distance, overjet and interincisal relationship (T0, T1, T2) were compared between SG and CG.
RESULTS
The prevalence of patients with unwanted tooth movements in one or both jaws was 27.0%. Maxillary retainers were affected more often (20.9%) than mandibular retainers (14.1%). The median amount of tooth movements was 0 to 0.66 mm with large interindividual variations. Oral dysfunctions or habits at T0, such as a lack of interincisal contact at all time points, were associated with unwanted tooth movements.
CONCLUSION
Unwanted tooth movements occurred more often with maxillary than mandibular retainers. Patients with oral dysfunctions/habits and without interincisal contact had a higher prevalence of unwanted tooth movements.
Topics: Cuspid; Female; Humans; Male; Mandible; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Orthodontic Retainers; Pilot Projects
PubMed: 33148238
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01304-2 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Mar 2018The permanent canine tooth in the maxillary (upper) jaw sometimes does not erupt into the mouth correctly. In about 1% to 3% of the population these teeth will be... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The permanent canine tooth in the maxillary (upper) jaw sometimes does not erupt into the mouth correctly. In about 1% to 3% of the population these teeth will be diverted into the roof of the mouth (palatally). It has been suggested that if the primary canine is removed at the right time this palatal eruption might be avoided. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2009.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effect of extracting the primary maxillary canine on the eruption of the palatally ectopic maxillary permanent canine.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the following electronic databases: the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 20 April 2012), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2012, Issue 1), MEDLINE via OVID (1946 to 20 April 2012) and EMBASE via OVID (1980 to 20 April 2012). There were no restrictions regarding language or date of publication.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Trials were selected if they met the following criteria: a randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trial, involving the extraction of the deciduous maxillary canine and assessing eruption/non-eruption of the palatally displaced maxillary permanent canine.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Data extraction was undertaken independently by two review authors. The primary outcome was the reported prevalence of eruption or non-eruption of the ectopic permanent canine into the mouth following observation or intervention. Results were to be expressed as risk ratios for dichotomous outcomes with 95% confidence intervals and mean differences for continuous outcomes. Heterogeneity was to be investigated, including both clinical and methodological factors. Authors of trials were contacted to request unpublished data.
MAIN RESULTS
Reports of two randomised controlled trials previously excluded from an earlier version of the review due to "deficiencies in reporting, insufficient data" have now been included. These two trials included approximately 128 children, with more than 150 palatally displaced canine teeth, and both were conducted by the same research group. Data presented in the trial reports are either incomplete or inconsistent. Both trials are at high risk of bias. It must be emphasised that both trials have serious deficiencies in the way they were designed, conducted, and reported, and attempts to contact the authors to obtain detailed information and clarify inconsistencies have been unsuccessful. Allocation to treatment appears to be at the level of the individual, but outcomes of successful treatment relate to included teeth and data are not reported for each treatment group. Adverse effects are not reported. Neither trial provides any evidence to guide clinical decision making.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
There is currently no evidence of the effects of extraction of primary canine teeth in 10-13 year old children with one or two palatally displaced permanent canine teeth.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Cuspid; Humans; Maxilla; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tooth Eruption, Ectopic; Tooth Extraction; Tooth, Deciduous; Tooth, Unerupted
PubMed: 29517801
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004621.pub4 -
The Angle Orthodontist Sep 2011To compare the anchorage effects of the implants and the headgear for patients with anterior teeth retraction in terms of incisor retraction, anchorage loss, inclination... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
OBJECTIVE
To compare the anchorage effects of the implants and the headgear for patients with anterior teeth retraction in terms of incisor retraction, anchorage loss, inclination of maxillary incisors, positional change of maxillary basal bone, and treatment duration.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic search for relative randomized controlled trials (RCTs) prospective and retrospective controlled trials was done through the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Embase, Medline, and CNKI, regardless of language of study. Study selection, methodological quality assessment, and data extraction were performed by two reviewers independently. Meta-analysis was performed when possible; otherwise descriptive assessment was done.
RESULTS
The search yielded 35 articles, of which eight met the inclusion criteria and were categorized into five groups according to types of intervention. For the midpalatal implant, the anchorage loss was much less than for the headgear group, with insignificant differences in terms of anterior teeth retraction, maxillary incisor inclination, positional change of basal bone, and treatment duration. For the mini-implant, greater anterior teeth retraction and less anchorage loss were demonstrated, with inconsistent results for the other measures. For the onplant, less anchorage loss was noted, with insignificant differences for the other measures.
CONCLUSIONS
The skeletal anchorage of the midpalatal implant, mini-implant, and onplant offer better alternatives to headgear, with less anchorage loss and more anterior teeth retraction. There were inconsistent results from the included studies in terms of maxillary incisor inclination, positional change of maxillary basal bone, and treatment duration. More qualified RCTs are required to provide clear recommendations.
Topics: Cuspid; Dental Implants; Extraoral Traction Appliances; Humans; Incisor; Maxilla; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Time Factors; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 21299412
DOI: 10.2319/101410-603.1 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Aug 2022This study was done to determine the timing of eruption of permanent teeth by sex and the number of permanent teeth erupted at different ages and to assess its...
OBJECTIVES
This study was done to determine the timing of eruption of permanent teeth by sex and the number of permanent teeth erupted at different ages and to assess its association with malocclusion.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The sample for this study consisted of 633 healthy subjects (317 boys and 316 girls) aged between 5.0 and 15.0 years. The subjects were divided into subgroups considering an age interval of 1 year.
RESULTS
The mean eruption times were lower for girls compared with boys except for the maxillary and mandibular second premolars and second molars, which were found to erupt earlier in boys. All the permanent mandibular teeth, except the second premolars, tended to erupt earlier than their maxillary antagonists in both sexes. The sequence of eruption differs between girls and boys in the maxillary canine and maxillary second premolars. In Class III malocclusion, all the permanent mandibular teeth erupt earlier than their maxillary antagonists. In the entire sample, the correlation between the number of erupted teeth and age was strong (p < .05), but the differences between sexes were not significant.
CONCLUSIONS
It is important to know the normal eruption time of permanent teeth in the population due to diagnosis and better treatment planning in pediatric dentistry and orthodontics.
Topics: Age Factors; Cuspid; Dentition, Permanent; Female; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 35157778
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.544 -
Journal of Anatomy Nov 2005Normal and abnormal jaw growth and tooth eruption are topics of great importance for several dental and medical disciplines. Thus far, clinical studies on these topics... (Review)
Review
Normal and abnormal jaw growth and tooth eruption are topics of great importance for several dental and medical disciplines. Thus far, clinical studies on these topics have used two-dimensional (2D) radiographic techniques. The purpose of the present study was to analyse normal mandibular growth and tooth eruption in three dimensions based on computer tomography (CT) scans, extending the principles of mandibular growth analysis proposed by Björk in 1969 from two to three dimensions. As longitudinal CT data from normal children are not available (for ethical reasons), CT data from children with Apert syndrome were employed, because it has been shown that the mandible in Apert syndrome is unaffected by the malformation, and these children often have several craniofacial CT scans performed during childhood for planning of cranial and midface surgery and for follow-up after surgery. A total of 49 datasets from ten children with Apert syndrome were available for study. The number of datasets from each individual ranged from three to seven. The first CT scan in each of the ten series was carried out before 1 year of age, and the ages for the 49 scans ranged from 1 week to 14.5 years. The mandible and the teeth were segmented and iso-surfaces generated. Landmarks were placed on the surface of the mandible, along the mandibular canals, the inner contour of the cortical plate at the lower border of the symphysis menti, and on the teeth. Superimposition of the mandibles in the longitudinal series was performed using the symphysis menti and the mandibular canals as suggested by Björk. The study supported the findings of stability of the symphysis menti and the mandibular canals as seen in profile view previously reported by Björk & Skieller in 1983. However, the mandibular canals were, actually, relocated laterally during growth. Furthermore, the position of tooth buds remained relatively stable inside the jaw until root formation started. Eruption paths of canines and premolars were vertical, whereas molars erupted in a lingual direction. The 3D method would seem to offer new insight into jaw growth and tooth eruption, but further studies are needed.
Topics: Acrocephalosyndactylia; Adolescent; Bicuspid; Child; Child, Preschool; Cuspid; Female; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Infant; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Mandible; Molar; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 16313399
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00479.x -
Journal (Canadian Dental Association) Oct 2000As impacted permanent maxillary cuspids occur in 1-2% of the population, the general dentist should know the signs and symptoms of this condition and the interceptive... (Review)
Review
As impacted permanent maxillary cuspids occur in 1-2% of the population, the general dentist should know the signs and symptoms of this condition and the interceptive treatment. Features of buccal or palatal cuspid impaction include lack of canine bulges in the buccal sulcus indicating a lingual eruption path and possible impaction; lack of symmetry between the exfoliation and eruption of cuspids that may indicate palatal or lingual impaction; and abnormal mesiodistal location and angulation of the developing maxillary permanent cuspids on radiographs. Diagnosis of impacted cuspid teeth at age 8-10 years can significantly reduce serious ramifications, including surgical exposure and orthodontic alignment as well as root resorption of the lateral incisors. In specific cases, extraction of the primary maxillary cuspids can prevent impaction of the permanent maxillary cuspids and additional sequelae.
Topics: Child; Cuspid; Humans; Maxilla; Orthodontics, Interceptive; Palpation; Tooth Extraction; Tooth, Deciduous; Tooth, Impacted
PubMed: 11070629
DOI: No ID Found -
The Angle Orthodontist Apr 1979A specially-designed force transducer was used to measure lateral resting-tongue pressure in 23 subjects. Seventeen subjects had normal occlusion and six had dental...
A specially-designed force transducer was used to measure lateral resting-tongue pressure in 23 subjects. Seventeen subjects had normal occlusion and six had dental open-bite conditions. Three sensing tips with different contact areas were used to study the relationship between sensor area and measured force. The average force of the resting tongue was 0.8 g when measured with a 4.9 mm diameter sensor (pressure = 0.039 g/mm2). When the size of the sensor tip was increased, the force of the tongue increased in a nonlinear manner. Controlled incremental lingual constrictions of 6 mm resulted in an average increase in lingual force of 230 percent. The mean rate of change, measured in deflection gradient, was 0.34 g/mm. The mean stiffness of the lingual musculature was 2.30 g/mm. A correlation of r = --0.4 was found between resting-tongue pressure and mandibular intercanine width.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bicuspid; Cuspid; Dental Occlusion; Elasticity; Female; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Manometry; Pressure; Stress, Mechanical; Tongue; Transducers
PubMed: 286570
DOI: 10.1043/0003-3219(1979)049<0092:RTP>2.0.CO;2 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2023No studies have focused on cortical anchorage resistance in cuspids, this study aimed to characterize the cortical anchorage according to sagittal skeletal classes using...
BACKGROUND
No studies have focused on cortical anchorage resistance in cuspids, this study aimed to characterize the cortical anchorage according to sagittal skeletal classes using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
METHODS
CBCT images of 104 men and 104 women were divided into skeletal class I, II, and III malocclusion groups. Skeletal and dental evaluations were performed on the sagittal and axial cross-sections. One-way analysis of variance followed by least significant difference post-hoc tests was used for group differences. Multiple linear regression was performed to evaluate the relationship between influential factors and cuspid cortical anchorage.
RESULTS
All cuspids were close to the labial bone cortex in different sagittal skeletal patterns and had different inclinations. There was a significant difference in the apical root position of cuspids in the alveolar bone; however, no significant difference in the middle or cervical portions of the root was found between different sagittal facial patterns. The middle of the cuspid root was embedded to the greatest extent in the labial bone cortex, with no significant difference between the sagittal patterns. For all sagittal patterns, 6.03 ± 4.41° (men) and 6.08 ± 4.45° (women) may be appropriate root control angles to keep maxillary cuspids' roots detached from the labial bone cortex.
CONCLUSIONS
Comparison of skeletal class I, II, and III malocclusion patients showed that dental compensation alleviated sagittal skeletal discrepancies in the cuspid positions of all patients, regardless of the malocclusion class. Detailed treatment procedures and clear treatment boundaries of cuspids with different skeletal patterns can improve the treatment time, periodontal bone remodeling, and post-treatment long-term stability. Future studies on cuspids with different dentofacial patterns and considering cuspid morphology and periodontal condition may provide more evidence for clinical treatment.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Retrospective Studies; Cuspid; Incisor; Maxilla; Malocclusion; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
PubMed: 37061704
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02912-4 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2020The aim of this study was to find a correlation between the permanent maxillary canine eruption and the cervical vertebral maturation index (CVMI).
AIM
The aim of this study was to find a correlation between the permanent maxillary canine eruption and the cervical vertebral maturation index (CVMI).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
145 subjects (73 male and 72 female) in the age of 7-14 years were examined radiographically with lateral cephalographs and orthopantomographs. The CVM patterns were evaluated on the lateral cephalograph using the classification of Hassel and Farman. The stage of the permanent maxillary canine eruption has been investigated on the orthopantomographs depending on its vertical height in relation to the adjacent incisor. Descriptive statistics were obtained for both CVMI stages and canine eruption grading. Spearman rank correlation test was used to determine the correlation between both methods. The minimum level of significance was considered less than 0.05 (P < 0.05).
RESULTS
Results showed a strong correlation between CVMI and the grading of the maxillary canine eruption in both female and male and the (r) value estimated was 0.862 and 0.758, respectively. Over 90% of deceleration stage of CVMI in both genders show canine eruption (pubertal growth spurt) about 91.66% for female and 95.65% for male and a small percentage of delay eruption 8.33% and 4.35% in female and male gender, respectively, with a predilection to the female gender.
CONCLUSIONS
A significant correlation between the permanent maxillary canine eruption stages and skeletal maturity was found. The eruption of maxillary canine occurs before the end of pubertal growth. Any delay in the eruption of maxillary canine after the deceleration stage of CVMI, suggesting a chance of impaction.
Topics: Age Determination by Skeleton; Cephalometry; Cuspid; Female; Male; Maxilla; Radiography, Panoramic; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 32769275
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_29_19