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Schweizer Monatsschrift Fur Zahnmedizin... 2010Stem cell biology, an emerging field of research, provides promising methods in vitro as well as in vivo in animal models which make speculation about a future... (Review)
Review
Stem cell biology, an emerging field of research, provides promising methods in vitro as well as in vivo in animal models which make speculation about a future application in human dentistry reasonable. The objective of this study was to review the literature of stem cell research concerning fields relevant for dentistry. In dentistry, different stem cells are discussed. Adult dental ectomesenchymal stem cells seem promising for future therapy. Human stem cells have been isolated from the dental pulp, exfoliated deciduous teeth, the periodontal ligament, the dental follicle and the dental papilla. Stem cell markers such as STRO-1 were used for the characterization and isolation of stem cells. Adult dental stem cells can differentiate into many dental components, such as dentin, periodontal ligament, cement and dental pulp tissue, but not into enamel.
Topics: Adult Stem Cells; Animals; Antigens, Differentiation; Biomarkers; Dental Papilla; Dental Pulp; Dental Sac; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Odontogenesis; Periodontal Ligament; Regeneration; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 21207302
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Nov 2010Evidence-based dentistry is a critical evaluation, awareness of the available evidence to improve decision making about the care of individual patients and/or... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
UNLABELLED
Evidence-based dentistry is a critical evaluation, awareness of the available evidence to improve decision making about the care of individual patients and/or communities.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically analyze the available scientific literature on clinical and radiographic results of two materials used in pulpotomy in primary teeth: formocresol and mineral trioxide aggregate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
It was identified relevant publications through a search of electronic databases such as MEDLINE (Ovid) and The Cochrane Library. To be included in the review, studies had to define the material used in child patients with pulp exposure by caries or tooth-alveolar trauma.
RESULTS
Of the 21 articles obtained in the initial phase of the review, only 19 were available in full text and of these only met the requirements for inclusion 6 items, which were confronted, analyzed and discussed later.
CONCLUSIONS
The clinical evidence available showed significant differences regarding the use of a material or another. In addition to the findings of clinical follow--radiographic and taking into account the potential toxicity of formocresol suggest the use of mineral trioxide aggregate pulpotomy of primary teeth.
Topics: Aluminum Compounds; Calcium Compounds; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Combinations; Formocresols; Humans; Oxides; Pulpotomy; Silicates; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 20526246
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.15.e942 -
Journal of Oral Science Dec 2009Tissue engineering is the science of design and manufacture of new tissues to replace impaired or damaged ones. The key ingredients for tissue engineering are stem... (Review)
Review
Tissue engineering is the science of design and manufacture of new tissues to replace impaired or damaged ones. The key ingredients for tissue engineering are stem cells, the morphogens or growth factors that regulate their differentiation, and a scaffold of extracellular matrix that constitutes the microenvironment for their growth. Recently, there has been increasing interest in applying the concept of tissue engineering to endodontics. The aim of this study was to review the body of knowledge related to dental pulp stem cells, the most common growth factors, and the scaffolds used to control their differentiation, and a clinical technique for the management of immature non-vital teeth based on this novel concept.
Topics: Animals; Cell Culture Techniques; Dental Papilla; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Growth Substances; Humans; Multipotent Stem Cells; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Periodontal Ligament; Regeneration; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 20032600
DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.51.495 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Feb 2023Oral mesenchymal stem cell populations in humans have been discovered in close vicinity to oral mucosal tissues and both primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent)... (Review)
Review
Oral mesenchymal stem cell populations in humans have been discovered in close vicinity to oral mucosal tissues and both primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent) teeth. All these different kinds of stem cells have the ability to divide and replenish themselves, however they vary in their gene expression profiles and their capacity to give rise to distinct cell lineages. They all have multipotentiality i.e. chondrogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic, and neurogenic. Due to their relative accessibility, these cell types may form a source of stem cells with substantial potential for application in tissue regeneration. In this review, discoveries outlining stem cell potential are discussed on various aspects as, are their various applications in orthodontics i.e. orthodontic tooth movement, fixing external root resorption, correcting craniofacial anomalies, accelerating craniofacial distraction osteogenesis, recreating the TMJ, and ensuring a stable maxillary expansion.
Topics: Humans; Orthodontics; Tooth, Deciduous; Cell Differentiation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Stem Cells
PubMed: 36788393
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.AKUS-10 -
Genetics and Molecular Research : GMR Nov 2016The differences in genetic backgrounds between deciduous and permanent teeth might contribute to the differences in developmental processes, histological...
The differences in genetic backgrounds between deciduous and permanent teeth might contribute to the differences in developmental processes, histological characteristics, and tooth life cycles. Here, we attempted to identify significantly different modules between permanent and deciduous teeth via network and pathway analyses. We identified 291 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between permanent and deciduous teeth using significance analysis of microarray methods. Co-expression networks of DEGs were constructed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Three pathways with a significant number of DEGs and P value <0.01 were identified. Integrated co-expression network and pathway (pathway and adjacent gene) analyses were used to extract three pathway-related modules: the calcium signaling pathway-related, ECM-receptor interaction pathway-related, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway-related modules. We also attempted to analyze the topological centralities (degree, closeness, stress, and betweenness) of co-expression networks and modules. Four genes (TMEM229A, PPAPDC1A, LEPREL1, and GAD1) and three pathway-related modules that were significantly different in the deciduous and permanent teeth showed similar properties and good centralities. The relative expression levels of key genes were validated, and the differential expression of TMEM229A, LEPREL1, and GAD1 was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study may provide a greater understanding of the molecular pathogenesis and potential biomarkers of the progression from deciduous to permanent teeth.
Topics: Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Regulatory Networks; Humans; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Reproducibility of Results; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 27819739
DOI: 10.4238/gmr15047959 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2016The present study was performed to examine how transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) in root-surrounding tissues on deciduous teeth regulates the differentiation...
The present study was performed to examine how transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) in root-surrounding tissues on deciduous teeth regulates the differentiation induction into odontoclasts during physiological root resorption. We prepared root-surrounding tissues with (R) or without (N) physiological root resorption scraped off at three regions (R1-R3 or N1-N3) from the cervical area to the apical area of the tooth and measured both TGF-β and the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activities. The TGF-β activity level was increased in N1-N3, whereas the TRAP activity was increased in R2 and R3. In vitro experiments for the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation revealed that proteins from N1-N3 and R1-R3 enhanced the TRAP activity in RAW264 cells. A genetic study indicated that the mRNA levels of TGF-β1 in N1 and N2 were significantly increased, and corresponded with levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG). In contrast, the expression level of RANKL was increased in R2 and R3. Our findings suggest that TGF-β is closely related to the regulation of OPG induction and RANKL-mediated odontoclast differentiation depending on the timing of RANKL and OPG mRNA expression in the root-surrounding tissues of deciduous teeth during physiological root resorption.
Topics: Animals; NF-kappa B; Osteoclasts; Osteoprotegerin; RANK Ligand; Root Resorption; Swine; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Tooth, Deciduous; Transforming Growth Factor beta
PubMed: 28035998
DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010049 -
Cell Transplantation 2021Stem cells in different types may interact with each other to maintain homeostasis or growth and the interactions are complicated and extensive. There is increasing...
Stem cells in different types may interact with each other to maintain homeostasis or growth and the interactions are complicated and extensive. There is increasing evidence that mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in early morphogenesis stages of both tooth and hair follicles show many similarities. In order to explore whether stem cells from one tissue could interact with cells from another tissue, a series of experiments were carried out. Here we successfully extracted and identified stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) of 8-12 years old kids, and then found that SHED could promote hair regeneration in a mouse model. In vitro, SHED shortened the hair regeneration cycle and promoted the proliferation and aggregation of dermal cells. In vivo, when SHED and skin cells of C57 mice were subcutaneously co-transplanted to nude mice, more hair was formed than skin cells without SHED. To further explore the molecular mechanism, epidermal and dermal cells were freshly extracted and co-cultured with SHED. Then several signaling molecules in hair follicle regeneration were detected and we found that the expression of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) and Glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Gli1) was up-regulated. It seems that SHED may boost the prosperity of hairs by increase Shh/Gli1 pathway, which brings new perspectives in tissue engineering and damaged tissue repairing.
Topics: Animals; Cell Proliferation; Child; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hair Follicle; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Nude; Regeneration; Stem Cell Transplantation; Tissue Engineering; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 34633878
DOI: 10.1177/09636897211042927 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jun 2017We investigated the effect of different dietary substances on deciduous and permanent enamel.
OBJECTIVES
We investigated the effect of different dietary substances on deciduous and permanent enamel.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Enamel specimens were prepared from human teeth (n = 108 deciduous molars and n = 108 permanent premolars). We measured the chemical parameters (pH, titratable acidity, viscosity, calcium, phosphate, fluoride concentration and degree of saturation) of nine dietary substances. The teeth were immersed in the respective substance (2 × 2 min; 30 °C; shaking), and we measured the baseline surface hardness (SH) in Vickers hardness numbers (VHN), and the changes in SH after 2 min (ΔSH) and the 4 min (ΔSH) immersion. We analysed the differences between deciduous and permanent teeth using the Wilcoxon test and correlated ΔSH to the different chemical parameters.
RESULTS
Deciduous teeth were significantly softer (549.53 ± 59.41 VHN) than permanent teeth (590.15 ± 55.31 VHN; p < 0.001) at baseline, but they were not more vulnerable to erosive demineralization. Only orange juice, which presented milder erosive potential, caused significantly more demineralisation in deciduous teeth at ΔSH. Practically all chemical parameters significantly correlated with ΔSH (p < 0.05). Substances with lower pH, higher titratable acidity, lower Ca, higher P and lower F concentrations, higher viscosity and more undersaturated solutions presented more erosive demineralisation.
CONCLUSION
Different parameters in dietary substances affect erosive demineralisation in deciduous and permanent teeth, but we generally observed no differences in susceptibility to erosion between both types of teeth; only orange juice (less severe acid conditions) caused perceptible differences.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
We observe that permanent teeth are harder than deciduous teeth, but most substances cause no perceptible difference in erosive demineralisation in both types of teeth.
Topics: Beverages; Calcium; Candy; Dental Enamel; Fluorides; Hardness; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Molar; Phosphates; Surface Properties; Tooth Erosion; Tooth, Deciduous; Viscosity
PubMed: 27449386
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1915-z -
Scientific Reports Nov 2019Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have emerged as attractive cell sources for bone regeneration. However,...
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have emerged as attractive cell sources for bone regeneration. However, the specific teeth and the conditions most suitable for stem cell isolation remain unclear. Therefore, the success rate of SHED and hDPSCs isolation, the patient age and remaining root length in deciduous teeth were evaluated. Successful isolation was defined as when the cell culture was maintained up to the third passage without any contamination or other issues. Remaining tooth length was calculated using the root-to-crown ratio from patient X-rays and compared to the norm value from the literature. The overall successful isolation rate of SHED and hDPSCs was 82% and 70%. The average patient ages at extraction of the deciduous teeth and permanent teeth were 11 years and 9 months, and 22 years and 10 months respectively. In the successful SHED group, the average remaining root length of the anterior deciduous teeth was 71.4%, and that of the deciduous molars was 61.4%. Successful isolation appears to be associated with patient age, length of the remaining root, and also mechanical stress and other factors. Tooth selection criteria need to be identified to improve the success rate.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Separation; Cells, Cultured; Child; Dental Pulp; Dentition, Permanent; Female; Humans; Male; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Serial Passage; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 31728068
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53265-4 -
Brazilian Oral Research Dec 2017This study aimed to systematically review the literature to address the question regarding the influence of different materials in the clinical and radiographic success... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This study aimed to systematically review the literature to address the question regarding the influence of different materials in the clinical and radiographic success of indirect pulp treatment in primary teeth. A literature search was carried out for articles published prior to January 2017 in PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Scopus, TRIP and ClinicalTrials databases; relevant articles included randomized clinical trials that compared materials used for indirect pulp treatment in primary teeth. Two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted the data. The effects of each material on the outcome (clinical and radiographic failures) were analyzed using a mixed treatment comparisons meta-analysis. The ranking of treatments according to their probability of being the best choice was also calculated. From 1,088 potentially eligible studies, 11 were selected for full-text analysis, and 4 were included in the meta-analysis. In all papers, calcium hydroxide liner was used as the control group versus an adhesive system, resin-modified glass ionomer cement or placebo. The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 48 months, with dropout rates of 0-25.7%. The material type did not significantly affect the risk of failure of the indirect pulp treatment. However, calcium hydroxide presented a higher probability of failure. In conclusion, there is no scientific evidence showing the superiority of any material used for indirect pulp treatment in primary teeth.
Topics: Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Caries; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Capping; Glass Ionomer Cements; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Publication Bias; Radiography, Dental; Tooth, Deciduous; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29267662
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107/2017.vol31.0101