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Microbiology Spectrum Aug 2022Delftia acidovorans () is a Gram-negative bacteria and an uncommon cause of human infections. This retrospective cohort study investigated clinical and microbiological...
Delftia acidovorans () is a Gram-negative bacteria and an uncommon cause of human infections. This retrospective cohort study investigated clinical and microbiological characteristics and outcomes of patients with infections. We included patients with culture-confirmed infections attending Rigshospitalet, during 2002-2020. Fifty-nine patients with a median interquartile ranges (IQR) age of 47 (15-67) years were included. Thirty-five (59%) were males, and 57 (97%) had at least one comorbidity, including 25 (42%) with solid or hematologic malignancies. Eight (14%) were admitted to ICU, and 15 (25%) died within 365 days after infection. Persistent infection was found in 4 (6.8%) patients, and 41 (70%) had polymicrobial cultures, mainly with Pseudomonas spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. More than 85% of the isolates were susceptible to meropenem or ceftazidime. Although, 88% and 62% of the isolates were resistant to gentamicin and colistin, respectively. infections mainly affect patients with preexisting comorbidities, including malignancies. In the first year, all-cause mortality is considerable, polymicrobial cultures are common, and meropenem or cephalosporins with antipseudomonal activity could be the antibiotics of choice. Delftia acidovorans () is a Gram-negative bacteria that can cause infection in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. The current knowledge comes mainly from case reports and case series. In this retrospective cohort study, we found that infections mainly affect male patients with preexisting comorbidities, including malignancies. Persistent infections were not common, and most of the patients had polymicrobial cultures, mainly with Pseudomonas spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. More than 85% of the isolates were susceptible to meropenem or ceftazidime. In contrast, 88% and 62% of the isolates were resistant to gentamicin and colistin, respectively.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftazidime; Colistin; Delftia acidovorans; Female; Gentamicins; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Meropenem; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; Young Adult
PubMed: 35862984
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00326-22 -
Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology Jun 2022Per- and Polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are a broad class of synthetic compounds that have fluorine substituted for hydrogen in several or all locations and are...
Per- and Polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are a broad class of synthetic compounds that have fluorine substituted for hydrogen in several or all locations and are globally categorized as PFCs (perfluorochemicals; commonly called fluorinated chemicals). These compounds have unique chemical and physical properties that enable their use in non-stick surfaces, fire-fighting efforts, and as slick coatings. However, recent concerns over the health effects of such compounds, specifically perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOA, PFOS; PFOA/S), have led to increased attention and research by the global community into degradation methods. In this study, soil samples from PFAS-contamination sites were cultured and screened for microbes with PFOA/S degradation potential, which led to the identification of It was found that isolated from PFAS-contaminated soils was capable of growth in minimal media with PFOA as a sole carbon resource, and an observable fluoride concentration increase was observed when cells were exposed to PFOA. This suggests potential activity of a dehalogenase enzyme that may be of use in PFOA or PFAS microbial remediation efforts. Several associated haloacid dehalogenases have been identified in the genome and have been engineered for expression in for rapid production and purification. These enzymes have shown potential for enzymatic defluorination, a significant step in biological degradation and removal of PFOA/S from the environment. We hypothesize that bioremediation of PFAS using naturally occurring microbial degradation pathways may represent a novel approach to remove PFAS contamination.
PubMed: 35224235
DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.02.005 -
Microbial Genomics Sep 2022is a diverse betaproteobacterial genus with many strains having agricultural and industrial relevance, including plant-growth promotion, bioremediation of...
is a diverse betaproteobacterial genus with many strains having agricultural and industrial relevance, including plant-growth promotion, bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, and heavy metal immobilization. spp. are broadly distributed in the environment, and have been isolated from plant hosts as well as healthy and diseased animal hosts, yet the genetic basis of this ecological versatility has not been characterized. Here, we present a phylogenomic comparison of published genomes and show that the genus is divided into two well-supported clades: one '' clade with isolates from soils and plant rhizospheres, and a second ' and ' clade with isolates from humans and sludge. The pan-genome inferred from 61 genomes contained over 28 000 genes, of which only 884 were found in all genomes. Analysis of industrially relevant functions highlighted the ecological versatility of and supported their role as generalists.
Topics: Animals; DNA, Bacterial; Delftia; Humans; Metals, Heavy; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sewage; Soil
PubMed: 36107145
DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000864 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two widespread chronic inflammatory diseases with a previously suggested association. The objective of the current study...
OBJECTIVES
Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two widespread chronic inflammatory diseases with a previously suggested association. The objective of the current study was to compare the oral microbial composition and host´s inflammatory mediator profile of saliva samples obtained from subjects with periodontitis, with and without RA, as well as to predict biomarkers, of bacterial pathogens and/or inflammatory mediators, for classification of samples associated with periodontitis and RA.
METHODS
Salivary samples were obtained from 53 patients with periodontitis and RA and 48 non-RA with chronic periodontitis. The microbial composition was identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and compared across periodontitis patients with and without RA. Levels of inflammatory mediators were determined using a multiplex bead assay, compared between the groups and correlated to the microbial profile. The achieved data was analysed using PCoA, DESeq2 and two machine learning algorithms, OPLS-DA and sPLS-DA.
RESULTS
Differential abundance DESeq2 analyses showed that the four most highly enriched (log2 FC >20) amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in the non-RA periodontitis group included sp., sp., sp., and sp. whereas sp., sp., sp., and were the most highly enriched ASVs (log2 FC >20) in the RA group. OPLS-DA with log2 FC analyses demonstrated that the top ASVs with the highest importance included sp. having a positive correlation with non-RA group, and seven ASVs belonging to , sp., , , spp. and with a positive correlation with RA group. Among the detected inflammatory mediators in saliva samples, TWEAK/TNFSF12, IL-35, IFN-α2, pentraxin-3, gp130/sIL6Rb, sIL-6Ra, IL-19 and sTNF-R1 were found to be significantly increased in patients with periodontitis and RA compared to non-RA group with periodontitis. Moreover, correlations between ASVs and inflammatory mediators using sPLS-DA analysis revealed that TWEAK/TNFSF12, pentraxin-3 and IL-19 were positively correlated with the ASVs sp., , sp., and sp.
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that the combination of microbes and host inflammatory mediators could be more efficient to be used as a predictable biomarker associated with periodontitis and RA, as compared to microbes and inflammatory mediators alone.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chronic Periodontitis; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Microbiota; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 35360114
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.841139 -
The Science of the Total Environment Jun 2023Coaggregation plays an important role in the development of multispecies biofilms in different environments, often serving as an active bridge between biofilm members...
Coaggregation plays an important role in the development of multispecies biofilms in different environments, often serving as an active bridge between biofilm members and other organisms that, in their absence, would not integrate the sessile structure. The ability of bacteria to coaggregate has been reported for a limited number of species and strains. In this study, 38 bacterial strains isolated from drinking water (DW) were investigated for their ability to coaggregate, in a total of 115 pairs of combinations. Among these isolates, only Delftia acidovorans (strain 005P) showed coaggregating ability. Coaggregation inhibition studies have shown that the interactions mediating D. acidovorans 005P coaggregation were both polysaccharide-protein and protein-protein, depending on the interacting partner bacteria. Dual-species biofilms of D. acidovorans 005P and other DW bacteria were developed to understand the role of coaggregation on biofilm formation. Biofilm formation by Citrobacter freundii and Pseudomonas putida strains highly benefited from the presence of D. acidovorans 005P, apparently due to the production of extracellular molecules/public goods favouring microbial cooperation. This was the first time that the coaggregation capacity of D. acidovorans was demonstrated, highlighting its role in providing a metabolic opportunity for partner bacteria.
Topics: Drinking Water; Delftia acidovorans; Biofilms; Bacteria; Citrobacter freundii
PubMed: 36889402
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162646 -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2024In recent years, has gained attention for its rare occurrence in patient infections. The literature consists mostly of case reports, necessitating further research to...
BACKGROUND
In recent years, has gained attention for its rare occurrence in patient infections. The literature consists mostly of case reports, necessitating further research to comprehensively understand risk factors, clinical characteristics, and management strategies.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving patients diagnosed with infection at a tertiary teaching hospital between January 2014 and December 2022. The data included demographic details, comorbidities, bacterial cultures, antibiotic susceptibility, and treatment outcomes.
RESULTS
There were 26 patients diagnosed with infection who were predominantly older with multiple comorbidities. Approximately 76.9% of infection patients had polymicrobial infections. Twenty-one patients had received antibiotics within three months before they developed the infection, and these antibiotics were primarily third-generation cephalosporins, glycopeptides and fluoroquinolones. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed resistance to aminoglycosides and susceptibility to imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, and piperacillin/tazobactam. Treatment outcome showed a mortality rate of 11.5%, mainly in patients with malignancy and advanced age.
CONCLUSION
infections predominantly affect older patients with multiple comorbidities. In terms of antibiotic therapy, carbapenems, cephalosporins, and piperacillin/tazobactam with antipseudomonal activity could all be considered.
PubMed: 38736436
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S457781 -
Colombia Medica (Cali, Colombia) Sep 2019A 52-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of cough, sputum, fever and fatigue. The patient has been receiving immunosuppressive therapy for...
CASE DESCRIPTION
A 52-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of cough, sputum, fever and fatigue. The patient has been receiving immunosuppressive therapy for thrombocytopenic purpura for 5 years.
CLINICAL FINDING
Inspiratory crackles were heard on both hemithorax. Oxygen saturation measured with the pulse oximeter was 97%. Chest X-ray showed diffuse reticular opacities that were more prominent in the upper zones of both lungs. WBC counts were 17,600 mm and Platelet counts were 29,000 mm. Thorax CT showed that there were many thin-walled cavities and millimetric nodules accompanied by ground-glass infiltrates in the upper and middle lobes. Gram staining of bronchial fluid, taken by bronchoscopy, revealed Gram-negative bacilli and intense polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The bacteria were defined as by BD Phoenix automated system.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES
The patient was hospitalized with suspicion of opportunistic pulmonary infections and cavitary lung disease. After the empirical treatment of intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam and oral clarithromycin, her clinical and radiological findings significantly regressed, and she was discharged with outpatient follow-up.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This is the first example of cavitary pneumonia due to in an immunocompromised patient. We would like to emphasize that pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary cavitary involvement in such patients.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Clarithromycin; Delftia acidovorans; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Lung; Middle Aged; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32284666
DOI: 10.25100/cm.v50i3.4025 -
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences Sep 2019In this study, one bacterial strain, ESM-1, was isolated from rhizosphere of , growing in Al Hofouf, Saudia Arabia, after enrichment with methanol as a sole carbon and...
In this study, one bacterial strain, ESM-1, was isolated from rhizosphere of , growing in Al Hofouf, Saudia Arabia, after enrichment with methanol as a sole carbon and energy source in a batch culture. ESM-1 was characterized by a polyphasic approach. The strain was identified as at similarity level of 99.9% of the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Results of the Biolog Gen III MicroPlate test system showed that strain ESM-1 reacted positively to 47 (50%) including the one-carbon compound formic acid, and partially positive to 6 (∼6.4%) out of the 94 different the traits examined. The total cellular fatty acids composition of the strain ESM-1 was (Cω7/Cω6) and C) and matched that of at a similarity index of 0.9, providing a robustness to the ESM-1 identification. Furthermore, ESM-1 displayed a complex polar lipid profile consisting of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, glycolipid, aminolipid, in addition to uncharacterized lipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 66.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain ESM1-1 was clearly clustered within the clade and constructed a monophyletic subcluster with NBRC14950. The results addressed that ESM-1 is a facultative methylotrophic bacterium indigenous to Al Hofouf region and opens the door for potential biotechnological applications (e.g., bioremediation) of this strain, in future. Additionally, these findings assure that the total cellular fatty acid analysis and 16S rRNA gene are reliable tool for bacterial characterization and identification.
PubMed: 31516356
DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.05.015 -
PloS One 2021The proportion of Staphylococcus aureus in the skin microbiome is associated with the severity of inflammation in the skin disease atopic dermatitis. Staphylococcus...
The proportion of Staphylococcus aureus in the skin microbiome is associated with the severity of inflammation in the skin disease atopic dermatitis. Staphylococcus epidermidis, a commensal skin bacterium, inhibits the growth of S. aureus in the skin. Therefore, the balance between S. epidermidis and S. aureus in the skin microbiome is important for maintaining healthy skin. In the present study, we demonstrated that the heat-treated culture supernatant of Delftia acidovorans, a member of the skin microbiome, inhibits the growth of S. epidermidis, but not that of S. aureus. Comprehensive gene expression analysis by RNA sequencing revealed that culture supernatant of D. acidovorans increased the expression of genes related to glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle in S. epidermidis. Malonate, an inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase in the TCA cycle, suppressed the inhibitory effect of the heat-treated culture supernatant of D. acidovorans on the growth of S. epidermidis. Reactive oxygen species production in S. epidermidis was induced by the heat-treated culture supernatant of D. acidovorans and suppressed by malonate. Further, the inhibitory effect of the heat-treated culture supernatant of D. acidovorans on the growth of S. epidermidis was suppressed by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a free radical scavenger. These findings suggest that heat-resistant substances secreted by D. acidovorans inhibit the growth of S. epidermidis by inducing the production of reactive oxygen species via the TCA cycle.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Citric Acid Cycle; Delftia acidovorans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Humans; Microbiota; RNA-Seq; Reactive Oxygen Species; Skin; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis
PubMed: 34214099
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253618 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Oct 2014The physicochemical responses of Delftia acidovorans biofilms exposed to the commonly used antimicrobial chlorhexidine (CHX) were examined in this study. A CHX-sensitive...
The physicochemical responses of Delftia acidovorans biofilms exposed to the commonly used antimicrobial chlorhexidine (CHX) were examined in this study. A CHX-sensitive mutant (MIC, 1.0 μg ml(-1)) was derived from a CHX-tolerant (MIC, 15.0 μg ml(-1)) D. acidovorans parent strain using transposon mutagenesis. D. acidovorans mutant (MT51) and wild-type (WT15) strain biofilms were cultivated in flow cells and then treated with CHX at sub-MIC and inhibitory concentrations and examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Specific morphological, structural, and chemical compositional differences between the CHX-treated and -untreated biofilms of both strains were observed. Apart from architectural differences, CLSM revealed a negative effect of CHX on biofilm thickness in the CHX-sensitive MT51 biofilms relative to those of the WT15 strain. STXM analyses showed that the WT15 biofilms contained two morphochemical cell variants, whereas only one type was detected in the MT51 biofilms. The cells in the MT51 biofilms bioaccumulated CHX to a similar extent as one of the cell types found in the WT15 biofilms, whereas the other cell type in the WT15 biofilms did not bioaccumulate CHX. STXM and IR spectral analyses revealed that CHX-sensitive MT51 cells accumulated the highest levels of CHX. Pretreating biofilms with EDTA promoted the accumulation of CHX in all cells. Thus, it is suggested that a subpopulation of cells that do not accumulate CHX appear to be responsible for greater CHX resistance in D. acidovorans WT15 biofilm in conjunction with the possible involvement of bacterial membrane stability.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Biofilms; Chlorhexidine; Delftia acidovorans; Microscopy, Confocal
PubMed: 25022584
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02984-14