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Journal of Oral Science Jan 2022The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a dentifrice containing Brazilian Red Propolis (BRP) against salivary Lactobacillus spp. and plaque formation. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
PURPOSE
The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a dentifrice containing Brazilian Red Propolis (BRP) against salivary Lactobacillus spp. and plaque formation.
METHODS
This was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Forty-two participants were randomized into two groups according to the dentifrice employed: G1 (fluoridated BRP dentifrice) and G2 (fluoridated common dentifrice). Saliva was collected and the visible plaque index (VPI) was recorded at the baseline (D0) and 4 weeks after day 0 (D28). Microbiological analysis was performed using two dilutions. Lactobacillus spp. isolates were identified and their abundance was expressed as log (CFU/mL).
RESULTS
For the first dilution, the counts of Lactobacillus spp. in G1 was 1.15 ± 0.41 at D0 and 0.68 ± 0.15 at D28 (P < 0.05) and in G2 it was 1.33 ± 0.52 at D0 and 1.84 ± 0.39 at D28 (P < 0.05). For the second dilution, the corresponding values in G1 and G2 were 0.87 ± 0.34 and 0.64 ± 0.37, respectively (P = 0.1547), and 1.54 ± 0.47 and 1.62 ± 0.37, respectively (P = 0.9999). The corresponding VPI values for G1 and G2 were 38.10 ± 17.95 and 20.60 ± 16.44, respectively (P < 0.05), and 38.38 ± 19.65 and 27.40 ± 14.63, respectively (P = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
The dentifrice containing BRP showed antimicrobial activity against Lactobacillus spp. and decreased the VPI for up to 4 weeks.
Topics: Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Dentifrices; Double-Blind Method; Gingivitis; Humans; Propolis
PubMed: 34955484
DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.21-0270 -
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative... Jun 2020The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare surface roughness, gloss, and color change of dental enamel after being brushed with toothpastes containing diamond...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare surface roughness, gloss, and color change of dental enamel after being brushed with toothpastes containing diamond powder and traditional abrasives.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventy enamel slabs were derived from 70 bovine incisors. The slabs were brushed with six different toothpastes and artificial saliva as a negative control. The specimens were then stained with black tea mixed with citric acid (3 days, pH = 4) and again brushed with the same toothpastes. R (contact profilometer), gloss (glossmeter), and color (CIE L* a* b* system) values were measured after each step.
RESULTS
Emoform-F Diamond (contains diamond powder and traditional abrasives) offered significantly the best improvement of R and gloss values after the first brushing sequence and the best recovery of the brightness of enamel after staining and second brushing sequence (P < .05). AMC 2.5 (contains only diamond powder as abrasive) was not able to offer such improvement.
CONCLUSION
Diamond powder as an additional abrasive in toothpastes could be able to offer a further improvement of R , gloss, and color values of enamel.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Color; Dental Enamel; Diamond; Surface Properties; Toothbrushing; Toothpastes
PubMed: 32277866
DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12588 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... 2002The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic level and dentifrice brand on the brushing habits and the fluoride ingestion. The sample was... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic level and dentifrice brand on the brushing habits and the fluoride ingestion. The sample was composed of 124 Brazilian children aged 3-9 years, from different socioeconomic levels (SEL). It was used a crossover study with the children using two dentifrice brands: Tandy Uva/T (1,100 ppm NaF) and Super Branco/SB (1,500 ppm MFP). Each child brushed his/her teeth with both dentifrice brands with weekly intervals between the brushes. The oral hygiene habits considered in this study were the Dentifrice Amount Placed on toothbrush (ADP), Dentifrice Amount Ingested (ADI), Fluoride Amount Ingested (FAI) and Brushing Time (TB). The data obtained were submitted to ANOVA test. It was observed that there was influence of SEL on the ADP and TB. The high SEL children showed a higher ADP and TB. The dentifrice brand influenced significantly the ADP, ADI, AFI and TB; the dentifrice T showed a higher ADP, ADI, but a lower AFI and TB. The results showed a significant interaction between SEL and dentifrice brand as ADI, AFI and TB. Although the children ingested a higher amount of T dentifrice they ingested a higher amount of fluoride from the SB dentifrice.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Brazil; Cariostatic Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Over Studies; Deglutition; Dentifrices; Fluorides; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ion-Selective Electrodes; Phosphates; Social Class; Sodium Fluoride; Statistics as Topic; Time Factors; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 11990059
DOI: 10.17796/jcpd.26.3.ul4v10t21x07v718 -
European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Mar 2022Tooth decay is the main oral pathology and a worldwide public health problem. The paediatrician is the first medical professional to assess and treat children....
AIM
Tooth decay is the main oral pathology and a worldwide public health problem. The paediatrician is the first medical professional to assess and treat children. Therefore, it is important that they are well informed. The aim is to determine the level of dental knowledge of paediatricians practising in the public and private health sectors in Catalonia (Spain).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study of the basic dental knowledge of paediatricians through an anonymous and voluntary survey of 17 questions on prevention, trauma and dental cavities. The results are segmented based on professional experience, type of centre and whether it has a paediatric dentistry area.
RESULTS
A total of 129 paediatricians from Catalonia participated. Almost all paediatricians (86.82%) normally perform an oral examination in a routine visit; 31.8% refer the child to the paediatric dentist when the first permanent molars have erupted, and 41.9% indicate that toothpaste should contain a minimum of 1,000 ppm of fluoride. It is proven that paediatricians practising in the private sector have greater dental knowledge than those in the public sector (p = 0.019). Experience is not related to knowledge (p = 0.0691). The paediatricians who have a paediatric dentistry area in their workplace show greater knowledge (p = 0.046).
CONCLUSION
Only half of the surveyed paediatricians follow the recommendations of paediatric societies on prevention aspects. In dental traumatology, professionals mostly follow the recommendations supported by the literature with high scientific evidence.
Topics: Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Fluorides; Humans; Pediatric Dentistry; Pediatricians; Surveys and Questionnaires; Toothpastes
PubMed: 36172924
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2022.23.01.11 -
International Dental Journal Mar 2014
Topics: Dental Enamel; Dental Research; Dentifrices; Humans; Protective Agents; Tin Fluorides; Tooth Erosion
PubMed: 24571696
DOI: 10.1111/idj.12105 -
Journal of Dentistry Dec 2016The influence of toothbrushing duration and dentifrice quantity on fluoride efficacy against dental caries is poorly understood. This study investigated effects of these... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVES
The influence of toothbrushing duration and dentifrice quantity on fluoride efficacy against dental caries is poorly understood. This study investigated effects of these two oral hygiene factors on enamel remineralisation (measured as surface microhardness recovery [SMHR]), enamel fluoride uptake (EFU), and net acid resistance (NAR) post-remineralisation in a randomized clinical study using an in situ caries model.
METHODS
Subjects (n=63) wore their partial dentures holding partially demineralised human enamel specimens and brushed twice-daily for two weeks, following each of five regimens: brushing for 120 or 45s with 1.5g of 1150ppm F (as NaF) dentifrice; for 120 or 45s with 0.5g of this dentifrice; and for 120s with 1.5g of 250ppm F (NaF) dentifrice.
RESULTS
Comparing brushing for 120s against brushing for 45s, SMHR and EFU increased by 20.0% and 26.9% respectively when 1.5g dentifrice was used; and by 22.8% and 19.9% respectively when 0.5g dentifrice was used. Comparing brushing with 1.5g against brushing with 0.5g dentifrice, SMHR and EFU increased by 35.3% and 51.3% respectively when brushing for 120s, and by 38.4% and 43.0% respectively when brushing for 45s. Increasing brushing duration and dentifrice quantity also increased the NAR value. The effects of these two oral hygiene factors on SMHR, EFU, and NAR were statistically significant (p<0.05 in all cases).
CONCLUSION
Brushing duration and dentifrice quantity have the potential to influence the anti-caries effectiveness of fluoride dentifrices. Study NCT01563172 on ClinicalTrials.gov.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The effect of two key oral hygiene regimen factors - toothbrushing duration and dentifrice quantity - on fluoride's anticaries effectiveness is unclear. This 2-week home-use in situ remineralisation clinical study showed both these factors can influence fluoride bioactivity, and so can potentially affect fluoride's ability to protect against caries.
Topics: Cariostatic Agents; Dental Caries; Dental Enamel; Dentifrices; Fluorides; Humans; Sodium Fluoride; Tooth Remineralization; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 27717756
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.10.003 -
Journal of Periodontology Sep 2021Compliance to periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) is essential for long-term periodontal health. Between PMT visits, patients must maintain good oral hygiene. A... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluating efficacy of a novel dentifrice in reducing probing depths in Stage I and II periodontitis maintenance patients: A randomized, double-blind, positive controlled clinical trial.
BACKGROUND
Compliance to periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) is essential for long-term periodontal health. Between PMT visits, patients must maintain good oral hygiene. A dentifrice with demonstrable clinical benefits for use between PMT visits would be highly desirable. The aim of this clinical study was to investigate the effect of a novel dental gel on probing depths (PD) and inflammation when used as a home care dentifrice in Stage I and II periodontitis patients.
METHODS
This double-blind clinical study randomized 65 subjects with Stage I and II periodontitis to the novel dental gel containing 2.6% EDTA, and a commercially available anti-gingivitis dentifrice with 0.454% stannous fluoride. Primary endpoint was PD at 6 months for those sites with baseline PD ≥ 4 mm and secondary endpoints included whole mouth mean scores of modified gingival index (MGI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) and plaque index (PI). No SRP was performed at baseline.
RESULTS
Subjects using the novel dentifrice showed significant PD reductions of 1.18 mm (from 4.27 mm at baseline to 3.09 mm at 6 months) compared to 0.93 mm (from 4.23 mm at baseline to 3.30 mm at 6 months) shown for those using the positive control dentifrice. Difference between treatments at 6 months was 0.21 mm with P-value = 0.0126. Significant improvements in MGI (P = 0.0000), mSBI (P = 0.0000), and PI (P = 0.0102) were also observed in 6 months.
CONCLUSION
The novel dentifrice showed significant reductions in PD and gingival inflammation over 6 months solely as a home care dentifrice without baseline SRP in Stage I and II periodontitis maintenance patients.
Topics: Dental Plaque Index; Dentifrices; Double-Blind Method; Gingivitis; Humans; Periodontitis; Tin Fluorides
PubMed: 33331040
DOI: 10.1002/JPER.20-0721 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Dec 2023This in vitro study aimed assessing the remineralization potential of three commercial fluoride-based toothpastes in permanent teeth with natural white spot lesions...
OBJECTIVES
This in vitro study aimed assessing the remineralization potential of three commercial fluoride-based toothpastes in permanent teeth with natural white spot lesions (WSLs). A multidisciplinary approach based on Raman microspectroscopy (RMS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Vickers microhardness (VMH) was exploited.
METHODS
N = 12 human molars with natural WSLs in the proximal-vestibular zone were selected and divided into 4 groups (n = 3) according to the different treatments: HAF (hydroxyapatite with fluoride ions); SMF (sodium monofluorophosphate with arginine); SF (sodium fluoride with enzymes), and CTRL (untreated group). All toothpastes tested contained 1450 ppm of fluoride. Teeth samples were submitted to the following protocol: a 7-day pH cycling treatment, with two daily exposures (2 min each time) to the commercial toothpastes described above. The surface micromorphology (SEM), the chemical/elemental composition (RMS and EDS), and the Vickers microhardness (VMH) were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed.
RESULTS
A remarkable remineralization of WSLs in SEM images was observed in all treated groups compared to CTRL. In particular, HAF and SF displayed higher values of VMH, phosphates amount (I), crystallinity (FWHM), and lower ones of C/P (I/I) with respect to CTRL. Intermediate values were found in SMF, higher than CTRL but lower with respect to HAF and SF. As regards the Ca/P ratio, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between SF and the other groups.
CONCLUSIONS
All the tested dentifrices have shown to remineralize the WSLs. SF and HAF have comparable capability in hardness recovery and crystallinity; however, SF shows the best remineralizing potential according to both micromorphological and chemical analyses. Clinical relevance The daily use of toothpastes containing hydroxyapatite partially replaced with fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate with arginine and sodium fluoride toothpaste associated with enzymes represents a preventive, therapeutic, effective, and non-invasive tool for remineralize WSLs.
Topics: Humans; Fluorides; Toothpastes; Sodium Fluoride; Dental Enamel; Dental Caries; Arginine; Hydroxyapatites; Tooth Remineralization; Cariostatic Agents
PubMed: 37857734
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05334-2 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2020High-fluoride dentifrice is used to manage root caries, but there is no evidence whether its association with nanohydroxyapatite could provide an additional protection...
BACKGROUND
High-fluoride dentifrice is used to manage root caries, but there is no evidence whether its association with nanohydroxyapatite could provide an additional protection for root caries. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and evaluate the effect of an experimental dentifrice with high fluoride (F) concentration and nanohydroxyapatite (nano-HA) on root dentin demineralization.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
After formulation of dentifrices, root dentin specimens were randomly assigned to six groups (n = 10) using different dentifrice treatments: placebo; nano-HA without F; 1,100 µg F/g; 1,100 µg F/g + nano-HA; 5,000 µg F/g; and 5,000 µg F/g + nano-HA. A pH cycling model was performed for 10 days, in which treatments were performed twice a day. After that period, the longitudinal hardness was evaluated and the area of demineralization (ΔS) was calculated. The formulated dentifrices were evaluated for primary stability, cytotoxicity, and other technical parameters. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test with p set at 5% were used for data analysis.
RESULTS
The experimental dentifrices were stable and had no cytotoxicity. Regarding dentin demineralization, the placebo group significantly increased ΔS compared to all other treatment groups (p<0.001). The dentifrices containing 5,000 µg F/g, regardless of the presence of nano-HA, led to a smaller lesion area in relation to the other treatments (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study suggest that nano-HA reduced dentin demineralization, and dentifrice with 5,000 µg F/g dentifrices, regardless of the presence of nano-HA, showed a greater reduction in root dentin demineralization.
Topics: Animals; Bone Density; Cattle; Dentifrices; Dentin; Durapatite; Fibroblasts; Fluorides; Gingiva; Hardness; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Nanoparticles; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Tooth Demineralization; Tooth Root; X-Ray Diffraction
PubMed: 33116482
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S264754 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2021Enzymes in toothpastes can support host immune responses, and thus maintain oral health. This study aimed to investigate gingival health and the plaque-reducing effects...
Enzymes in toothpastes can support host immune responses, and thus maintain oral health. This study aimed to investigate gingival health and the plaque-reducing effects of enzyme-containing toothpastes. A laboratory study tested the antimicrobial potential of different enzyme-containing toothpaste formulations. Two promising formulations (enzyme-containing toothpastes with glucose oxidase and D-glucose with (C+) and without Citrox (C-) Citrox) were investigated in a clinical crossover trial (two slurries: sodium lauryl sulfate-containing (SLS), a toothpaste without SLS (reference), and water). Subjects ( = 20) abstained from toothbrushing for four days and rinsed with a toothpaste slurry. Bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque indices (PI) were measured. A mixed linear model was used to statistically compare the slurries with respect to BOP and PI change. The in vitro bacterial growth-inhibiting evaluation showed the best results for SLS, followed by C+ and C-. The change in BOP and PI exhibited statistically significant differences to water rinsing (BOP; PI changes in % points (difference of the baseline and post-rinse values: water = 8.8%; 90.0%; C+ = -1.4%; 80.4%; SLS = 1.5%; 72.1%; reference = 0.8%; 77.5%; C- = -1.8%; 75.1%). All slurries exhibited anti-gingivitis and anti-plaque effects, resulting in a prophylactic benefit for limited-access regions during brushing.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Gingiva; Gingivitis; Humans; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Toothbrushing; Toothpastes
PubMed: 33478112
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020835