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European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Sep 2023Proper development of deciduous and mixed dentition is essential to the oral health of growing patients, and early interceptive orthopedic or orthodontic treatments are...
BACKGROUND
Proper development of deciduous and mixed dentition is essential to the oral health of growing patients, and early interceptive orthopedic or orthodontic treatments are indicated in specific clinical situations. Nowadays, orthodontists are subjected to a lot of pressure from growing patients and their parents about the orthodontic appliances that should be used. The aim of this article is to indicate how, when and why it is possible to effectively use aligners in growing patients.
CASE REPORT
Two case reports are illustrated, one with a Cl.II subdivision, mono lateral cross-bite and vertical growth, and the other with a skeletal and dental Cl.II, vertical skeletal pattern, proclined and fractured upper incisors. The efficacy/efficiency ratio of aligners is analyzed in order to evaluate the suitability of this appliance for the treatment. Limits and advantages of aligners are widely discussed.
CONCLUSION
Aligner treatment in growing patients shall be carefully studied to reach an optimal result. At present, a hybrid treatment strategy represents the best solution in growing patients with a complex clinical situation.
Topics: Humans; Dental Care; Dentition, Mixed; Incisor; Oral Health; Orthodontic Appliances
PubMed: 37668457
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2023.1959 -
Journal of the Royal Society, Interface Dec 2016Teeth are key to understanding the feeding ecology of both extant and extinct vertebrates. Recent studies have highlighted the previously unrecognized complexity of...
Teeth are key to understanding the feeding ecology of both extant and extinct vertebrates. Recent studies have highlighted the previously unrecognized complexity of dinosaur dentitions and how specific tooth tissues and tooth shapes differ between taxa with different diets. However, it is unknown how the ultrastructure of these tooth tissues contributes to the differences in feeding style between taxa. In this study, we use third harmonic generation microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to examine the ultrastructure of the dentine in herbivorous and carnivorous dinosaurs to understand how the structure of this tissue contributes to the overall utility of the tooth. Morphometric analyses of dentinal tubule diameter, density and branching rates reveal a strong signal for dietary preferences, with herbivorous saurischian and ornithischian dinosaurs consistently having higher dentinal tubule density than their carnivorous relatives. We hypothesize that this relates to the hardness of the dentine, where herbivorous taxa have dentine that is more resistant to breakage and wear at the dentine-enamel junction than carnivorous taxa. This study advocates the detailed study of dentine and the use of advanced microscopy techniques to understand the evolution of dentition and feeding ecology in extinct vertebrates.
Topics: Animals; Carnivory; Dentin; Dinosaurs
PubMed: 27974573
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2016.0626 -
American Journal of Orthodontics and... Jul 1998Molars can be moved distally approximately 1 mm/month with little to no patient cooperation by using intraarch compressed 100 gm NiTi coils or 100 gm looped NiTi wires... (Review)
Review
Molars can be moved distally approximately 1 mm/month with little to no patient cooperation by using intraarch compressed 100 gm NiTi coils or 100 gm looped NiTi wires against the molars supported by a removable modified Nance appliance. When the molars are moved posteriorly by these intraarch mechanisms, anchorage loss occurs and produces an increase in overjet that is generally within acceptable limits. Although molars can be moved posteriorly at any age, an advantageous treatment time is the late mixed dentition.
Topics: Dentition, Mixed; Humans; Maxilla; Molar; Nickel; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; Titanium; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 9674683
DOI: 10.1016/s0889-5406(98)70240-9 -
BMC Medical Genetics Nov 2016The WNT10A protein is critical for the development of ectodermal appendages. Variants in the WNT10A gene may be associated with a spectrum of ectodermal abnormalities...
BACKGROUND
The WNT10A protein is critical for the development of ectodermal appendages. Variants in the WNT10A gene may be associated with a spectrum of ectodermal abnormalities including extensive tooth agenesis.
METHODS
In seven patients with severe tooth agenesis we identified anomalies in primary dentition and additional ectodermal symptoms, and assessed WNT10A mutations by genetic analysis.
RESULTS
Investigation of primary dentition revealed peg-shaped crowns of primary mandibular incisors and three individuals had agenesis of at least two primary teeth. The permanent dentition was severely affected in all individuals with a mean of 21 missing teeth. Primary teeth were most often present in positions were succedaneous teeth were missing. Furthermore, most existing molars had taurodontism. Light, brittle or coarse hair was reported in all seven individuals, hyperhidrosis of palms and soles in six individuals and nail anomalies in two individuals. The anomalies in primary dentition preceded most of the additional ectodermal symptoms. Genetic analysis revealed that all seven individuals were homozygous or compound heterozygous for WNT10A mutations resulting in C107X, E222X and F228I.
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that tooth agenesis and/or peg-shaped crowns of primary mandibular incisors, severe oligodontia of permanent dentition as well as ectodermal symptoms of varying severity may be predictors of bi-allelic WNT10A mutations of importance for diagnosis, counselling and follow-up.
Topics: Adolescent; Anodontia; Child; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia; Dentition, Permanent; Ectodermal Dysplasia; Female; Homozygote; Humans; Male; Mutation; Tooth Abnormalities; Tooth, Deciduous; Wnt Proteins
PubMed: 27881089
DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0349-4 -
Head & Face Medicine May 2020In-vivo accuracy of intraoral scans of complete mixed dentitions of patients in active treatment have not yet been investigated. The aim was to test the hypothesis that... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
In-vivo accuracy of intraoral scans of complete mixed dentitions of patients in active treatment have not yet been investigated. The aim was to test the hypothesis that dimensional differences between intraoral scans and conventional alginate impressions in the mixed dentition are clinically irrelevant.
METHODS
Trial design: Prospective non-randomized comparative clinical trial. Based on sample size calculation 44 evaluable mixed dentition jaws of patients in active orthodontic treatment were included. Each patient received an alginate impression following an intraoral scan (TRIOS® Ortho). Plaster cast was fabricated and scanned with an external scanner (ATOS-SO®). Both STL datasets were analyzed with the 3D inspection and mesh processing software GOM Inspect®. Statistical analysis comprised sample size calculation, t-test as well as nonparametric tests.
RESULTS
The absolute mean difference between digital plaster casts and intraoral scans is 0.022 mm ± 0.027 mm (median 0.015 mm). The obtained measurements are in the range of comparable studies on full arch permanent dentitions. Gender, the size of the jaw represented by the dentition stage and upper respectively lower jaw, as well the malocclusion have no effect on the total deviations between digital plaster casts and intraoral scans. Detectable impression errors were bubbles in fissures and marginal ridges as well as incomplete alginate flow and detachment from the tray. Detectable scanning errors were incomplete distal surface of the most distal molar.
CONCLUSION
Dimensional differences between intraoral scans and conventional alginate impressions in the mixed dentition are clinically irrelevant for orthodontic purposes. In all clinical situations of active treatment in the mixed dentition, the intraoral scans are more detailed and less error-prone.
Topics: Computer-Aided Design; Dental Impression Technique; Dentition, Mixed; Female; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Male; Models, Dental; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 32430023
DOI: 10.1186/s13005-020-00222-6 -
Journal of Periodontology Dec 2014The comparative treatment response of children and young adults with localized aggressive periodontitis treatment (LAgP) affecting primary and permanent dentition is... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
BACKGROUND
The comparative treatment response of children and young adults with localized aggressive periodontitis treatment (LAgP) affecting primary and permanent dentition is unknown. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of non-surgical periodontal therapy with adjunctive systemic antibiotics on the clinical outcome of children and young adults with primary versus permanent dentition affected by LAgP.
METHODS
A cohort of 97 African American participants aged 5 to 21 years (30 males and 67 females; 22 primary and 75 permanent dentitions affected) diagnosed with LAgP were included. Patients presented with no significant medical history. All patients underwent periodontal therapy, which consisted of full-mouth mechanical debridement at baseline and the 3-, 6-, and 12-month appointments. Additionally, all patients were prescribed a 1-week regimen of systemic antibiotics at the initial appointment. Clinical parameters were analyzed, including probing depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing, and percentage of visible plaque.
RESULTS
Overall, periodontal therapy was found to be effective in improving the clinical outcomes of both primary and permanent dentitions. Although baseline CALs were similar between the groups, the reduction in mean CAL at 3, 6, and 12 months and reduction in percentage plaque at 3 months were significantly greater in primary dentition compared with permanent dentition.
CONCLUSIONS
Non-surgical therapy with systemic antibiotics is effective for LAgP in both primary and permanent dentitions. A greater reduction in CAL in LAgP of primary dentition may suggest that younger children may carry a greater propensity for positive treatment outcomes and healing potential compared with children/young adults with permanent dentition.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aggressive Periodontitis; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Combined Modality Therapy; Dental Plaque; Dentition, Permanent; Drug Combinations; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Debridement; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Tooth, Deciduous; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 25186780
DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140171 -
BMC Oral Health Mar 2024Root canal treatment procedures require a thorough understanding of root and canal anatomy. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the morphological...
Assessment of the root and canal morphology in the permanent dentition of Saudi Arabian population using cone beam computed and micro-computed tomography - a systematic review.
INTRODUCTION
Root canal treatment procedures require a thorough understanding of root and canal anatomy. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the morphological differences of teeth root and their canals assessed using cone-beam computed and micro-computed tomography in Saudi Arabian population.
METHODOLOGY
An electronic search was conducted in PubMed / Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases until January 2023 to retrieve related studies. "Root canal morphology," "Saudi Arabia," "Micro-CT," and "cone-beam computed tomography" were used as keywords. A modified version of previously published risk of bias assessment tool was used to determine the quality assessment of included studies.
RESULTS
The literature search revealed 47 studies that matched the criteria for inclusion, out of which 44 studies used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and three were micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) studies. According to the modified version of risk of bias assessment tool, the studies were categorized as low, moderate, and high risk of bias. A total of 47,612 samples were included which comprised of either maxillary teeth (5,412), or mandibular teeth (20,572), and mixed teeth (21,327). 265 samples were used in micro-CT studies while 47,347 teeth samples were used in CBCT studies. Among the CBCT studies, except for three, all the studies were retrospective studies. Frequently used imaging machine and software were 3D Accuitomo 170 and Morita's i-Dixel 3D imaging software respectively. Minimum and maximum voxel sizes were 75 and 300 μm, Vertucci's classification was mostly used to classify the root canal morphology of the teeth. The included micro-CT studies were in-vitro studies where SkyScan 1172 X-ray scanner was the imaging machine with pixel size ranging between 13.4 and 27.4 μm. Vertucci, Ahmed et al. and Pomeranz et al. classifications were applied to classify the root canal morphology.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review revealed wide variations in root and canal morphology of Saudi population using high resolution imaging techniques. Clinicians should be aware of the common and unusual root and canal anatomy before commencing root canal treatment. Future micro-CT studies are needed to provide additional qualitative and quantitative data presentations.
Topics: Humans; Dentition, Permanent; Saudi Arabia; X-Ray Microtomography; Retrospective Studies; Dental Pulp Cavity; Tooth Root
PubMed: 38493123
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04101-3 -
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2017The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the short and long-term spontaneous dentoalveolar changes of the mandibular dental arch after slow (SME) or rapid (RME)... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the short and long-term spontaneous dentoalveolar changes of the mandibular dental arch after slow (SME) or rapid (RME) maxillary expansion in the mixed and early permanent dentitions.
METHODS:
An electronic search was performed in the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science. Eligibility criteria for article selection included randomized controlled trials and prospective studies written in English, with no restriction of year of publication, involving patients who underwent SME or RME during the mixed or early permanent dentitions. A double-blind search of articles was performed by two reviewers. Initially, the title and the abstract of the studies were read, and their references were also hand-searched for possible missing studies. A methodological quality scoring scale was used to analyze the selected articles.
RESULTS:
The search retrieved 373 articles, but only 6 were selected for review after application of the eligibility and exclusion criteria. Non-clinically significant spontaneous dentoalveolar changes of approximately 1mm were found in the mandibular dental arch in the short and long-term, after slow or rapid maxillary expansions. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between treated and control groups.
CONCLUSIONS:
There is enough evidence to conclude that negligible short and long-term spontaneous dentoalveolar changes tend to occur in the mandibular dental arch after SME or RME in the mixed and early permanent dentitions. More randomized studies with appropriate control group are required to better evaluate this issue.
Topics: Dental Arch; Dentition, Mixed; Dentition, Permanent; Humans; Maxillofacial Development; Palatal Expansion Technique
PubMed: 28746488
DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.22.3.055-063.oar -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... Jan 2022The objectives of this study were to: (1) study the prevalence of oral habits among school going children with primary dentition; (2) determine the association of oral...
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study were to: (1) study the prevalence of oral habits among school going children with primary dentition; (2) determine the association of oral habits with malocclusion in primary dentition; and (3) compare the prevalence of oral habits based on gender, race, age and grade.
STUDY DESIGN
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 625 school going children with a complete set of primary dentitions. A closed-ended questionnaire was developed to gather information about oral habits followed by clinical examination.
RESULTS
The prevalence of oral habits was 42.7%. Finger nail biting (19.5%) was the most prevalent oral habit, whereas self-destructive oral habits (0.7%) were the least prevalent. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed significant association of (P<0.05): digit sucking habit with distal step molar relationship, class II canine relationship and increased overjet; pacifier sucking habit with presence of distal step molar relationship, class II canine relationship, crossbite and increased overjet; and finger nail biting habit with absence of primate spaces.
CONCLUSIONS
Nearly half of the participating children indulged in one or more oral habits. There was significant association between some oral habits and malocclusion traits, indicating the requirement of timely screening and interception.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Habits; Humans; Malocclusion; Nepal; Prevalence; Schools; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 35311976
DOI: 10.17796/1053-4625-46.1.8 -
Journal of Anatomy Jul 2024Paleozoic synapsids represent the first chapter in the evolution of this large clade that includes mammals. These fascinating terrestrial vertebrates were the first...
Paleozoic synapsids represent the first chapter in the evolution of this large clade that includes mammals. These fascinating terrestrial vertebrates were the first amniotes to successfully adapt to a wide range of feeding strategies, reflected by their varied dental morphologies. Evolution of the marginal dentition on the mammalian side of amniotes is characterized by strong, size and shape heterodonty, with the late Permian therapsids showing heterodonty with the presence of incisiform, caniniform, and multicuspid molariform dentition. Rarity of available specimens has previously prevented detailed studies of dental anatomy and evolution in the initial chapter of synapsid evolution, when synapsids were able to evolve dentition for insectivory, herbivory, and carnivory. Numerous teeth, jaw elements, and skulls of the hypercarnivorous varanopid Mesenosaurus efremovi have been recently discovered in the cave systems near Richards Spur, Oklahoma, permitting the first detailed investigation of the dental anatomy of a Paleozoic tetrapod using multiple approaches, including morphometric and histological analyses. As a distant stem mammal, Mesenosaurus is the first member of this large and successful clade to exhibit a type of dental heterodonty that combines size and morphological (shape) variation of the tooth crowns. Here we present the first evidence of functional differentiation in the dentition of this early synapsid, with three distinct dental regions having diverse morphologies and functions. The quality and quantity of preserved materials has allowed us to identify the orientation and curvature of the carinae (cutting edges), and the variation and distribution of the ziphodonty (serrations) along the carinae. The shape-related heterodonty seen in this taxon may have contributed to this taxon's ability to be a successful mid-sized predator in the taxonomically diverse community of early Permian carnivores, but may have also extended the ecological resilience of this clade of mid-sized predators across major faunal and environmental transitions.
Topics: Animals; Fossils; Tooth; Biological Evolution; Dentition
PubMed: 38430000
DOI: 10.1111/joa.14034