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Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue... Mar 2014To examine the effects of classification on treatment in major depressive disorder (MDD). (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To examine the effects of classification on treatment in major depressive disorder (MDD).
METHOD
This is a narrative review.
RESULTS
MDD is a highly heterogeneous category, leading to problems in classification and in specificity of treatment. Current models classify all depressions within a single category. However, the construct of MDD obscures important differences between severe disorders that require pharmacotherapy, and mild-to-moderate disorders that can respond to psychotherapy or remit spontaneously. Patients with mild-to-moderate MDD are being treated with routine or overly aggressive pharmacotherapy.
CONCLUSIONS
The current classification fails to address the heterogeneity of depression, leading to mistreatment.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder, Major; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Inappropriate Prescribing; Psychotherapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 24881163
DOI: 10.1177/070674371405900306 -
Psychiatry Research Mar 2019Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is now widely available for the clinical treatment of depression, but the associated financial and time burdens are... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is now widely available for the clinical treatment of depression, but the associated financial and time burdens are problematic for patients. Accelerated TMS (aTMS) protocols address these burdens and attempt to increase the efficiency of standard TMS. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine accelerated TMS studies for depressive disorders in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria consisted of studies with full text publications available in English describing more than one session of TMS (repetitive or theta burst stimulation) per day. Studies describing accelerated TMS protocols for conditions other than depression or alternative neuromodulation methods, preclinical studies, and neurophysiology studies regarding transcranial stimulation were excluded. Eighteen articles describing eleven distinct studies (seven publications described overlapping samples) met eligibility criteria. A Hedges' g effect size and confidence intervals were calculated. The summary analysis of three suitable randomized control trials revealed a cumulative effect size of 0.39 (95% CI 0.005-0.779). A separate analysis including open-label trials and active arms of suitable RCTs revealed a g of 1.27 (95% CI 0.902-1.637). Overall, the meta-analysis suggested that aTMS improves depressive symptom severity. In general, study methodologies were acceptable, but future efforts could enhance sham techniques and blinding.
Topics: Depressive Disorder; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Time Factors; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31207865
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.041 -
Anales Del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra Apr 2019
Topics: Depression; Depressive Disorder; Humans
PubMed: 30936571
DOI: 10.23938/ASSN.0591 -
Revista Chilena de Pediatria 2017Health supervision is a privileged opportunity to walk along with the new families during their transition to parenthood. This period is challenging for both mother and... (Review)
Review
Health supervision is a privileged opportunity to walk along with the new families during their transition to parenthood. This period is challenging for both mother and father, and there is the potential danger that demand surpasses the existing resources of the family. This imbalance may lead to mothers and fathers to develop depressive symptomatology. Postpartum depression may affect one to two out of ten men, and maternal depression is a major risk factor for developing it. The postpartum depression in the father impact all the family members, being the child development, the bonding, and the child´s mental health which can be disturb at a short, medium and long term. Therefore, it seems to be relevant to think about screening for post partum depression not only in mothers but also fathers, and give a first step to broaden the gaze from the dyad to the triad. The health supervision is a unique opportunity to be able to carry out this screening; however, the validation of a postpartum screening test for Chilean fathers is a pending task.
Topics: Depression, Postpartum; Depressive Disorder; Father-Child Relations; Fathers; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Object Attachment
PubMed: 29546941
DOI: 10.4067/S0370-41062017000500002 -
Zeitschrift Fur Kinder- Und... Nov 2019Depressive symptoms have long been associated with abnormalities in neural processing of reward. However, no review has yet consolidated evidence of such deficits in... (Review)
Review
Depressive symptoms have long been associated with abnormalities in neural processing of reward. However, no review has yet consolidated evidence of such deficits in adolescent depression, integrating findings across neuroimaging modalities, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG). The current review found consistent evidence of reduced striatal responses in anticipation and upon receipt of rewards, and blunted feedback-related negativity (FRN) potentials associated with depression in adolescence, consistent with the adult literature. Furthermore, while these occurred in currently depressed adolescents, they were also found to be predictive of the onset of depressive symptoms in longitudinal studies with community-based adolescent samples. This paper makes recommendations for future work to continue to elucidate this relationship, a greater understanding of which may lead to more targeted and efficacious treatments for depression in adolescence.
Topics: Adolescent; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Electroencephalography; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neuroimaging; Reward
PubMed: 30957688
DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000663 -
Psychological Medicine Nov 2010The goal of the present study was to analyze associations between depression and mortality of cancer patients and to test whether these associations would vary by study... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The goal of the present study was to analyze associations between depression and mortality of cancer patients and to test whether these associations would vary by study characteristics.
METHOD
Meta-analysis was used for integrating the results of 105 samples derived from 76 prospective studies.
RESULTS
Depression diagnosis and higher levels of depressive symptoms predicted elevated mortality. This was true in studies that assessed depression before cancer diagnosis as well as in studies that assessed depression following cancer diagnosis. Associations between depression and mortality persisted after controlling for confounding medical variables. The depression-mortality association was weaker in studies that had longer intervals between assessments of depression and mortality, in younger samples and in studies that used the Beck Depression Inventory as compared with other depression scales.
CONCLUSIONS
Screening for depression should be routinely conducted in the cancer treatment setting. Referrals to mental health specialists should be considered. Research is needed on whether the treatment of depression could, beyond enhancing quality of life, extend survival of depressed cancer patients.
Topics: Age Factors; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Sex Factors; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 20085667
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291709992285 -
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica May 2018To provide an update on the evidence base for the nature of the relationship between negative symptoms and depressive features in people with schizophrenia, and propose...
OBJECTIVE
To provide an update on the evidence base for the nature of the relationship between negative symptoms and depressive features in people with schizophrenia, and propose new models that reflect their complex relationship.
METHOD
A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. A total of 2210 articles were identified from EMBASE, PsychInfo and MEDLINE, and further two articles were hand-searched from references. Twenty-seven met inclusion criteria and were included in the review.
RESULTS
In schizophrenia, primary evidence suggests symptoms of low mood, suicidal ideation and pessimism have more specificity for depression whereas alogia and blunted affect may have more specificity as negative symptoms. Anhedonia, anergia and avolition may be common to both.
CONCLUSION
It may be possible to further distinguish depressive features from negative symptoms in schizophrenia when detailed phenomenology is considered. However, in a proposed dimensional model, these two domains continue to share certain phenomena, highlighting their close relationship.
Topics: Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 29532909
DOI: 10.1111/acps.12873 -
The Psychiatric Clinics of North America Mar 2018This article covers current research on the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment in older adults. First, it approaches the clinical assessment of... (Review)
Review
This article covers current research on the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment in older adults. First, it approaches the clinical assessment of late-life depression and comorbid cognitive impairment. Cognitive risk factors for suicide are discussed. Research is then provided on neuropsychological changes associated with depression, discussing subjective cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia profiles. Additionally, literature regarding neuroimaging and biomarker findings in depressed older adults is presented. Finally, therapeutic models for treatment of late-life depression are also discussed, including psychotherapy models, holistic treatments, pharmacologic approaches, and brain-stimulation therapies.
Topics: Aged; Aging; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Neurocognitive Disorders; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 29412840
DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2017.10.009 -
Psychopathology 2020Since the introduction of DSM-III anhedonia has become a core depressive criterion and is defined as the loss of interest or pleasure. Although the origin of the word... (Review)
Review
Since the introduction of DSM-III anhedonia has become a core depressive criterion and is defined as the loss of interest or pleasure. Although the origin of the word goes back to the end of the 19th century and numerous anhedonic symptoms are described in classic texts on depression, this centrality in the diagnosis of depression is only recent. Anhedonia is best described as a symptom complex with unclear boundaries cutting across the tripartite model of the mind (affect, volition, and cognition). Popular concepts of anhedonia pertain to the pleasure cycle and positive affectivity. These concepts partially overlap and are often mixed up, but clearly stem from different theoretical backgrounds: the affective science of reward processing versus more general, dimensional modelling of affect. The former concept seems more suitable to understand anhedonic emotions, the latter more suitable to understand anhedonic mood or trait. This narrative review covers the history of "anhedonia," the different anhedonic phenomena, and psychopathological concepts. An attempt is made to go beyond a merely descriptive psychopathology. Neurobiological and psychological insights shed a light on how symptoms are made and interconnected; these insights possibly call for a new psychopathological language.
Topics: Adult; Anhedonia; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Male
PubMed: 32668436
DOI: 10.1159/000508773 -
The Indian Journal of Medical Research Feb 2007Major depressive disorder in children is a severe and a chronically disabling disorder. This population appears to be a special group in terms of consequences of poor... (Review)
Review
Major depressive disorder in children is a severe and a chronically disabling disorder. This population appears to be a special group in terms of consequences of poor psychosocial and academic outcome and increased risk of substance abuse, and suicide. Studies have revealed several major findings in genetic, familial, psychological, and biological aspects of such depression, some of which have explored into the issue of its relationship with adult depression. Considerable advances have been made now in the area of childhood depression providing a better understanding of its nature. We review literature available on historical aspect, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and aetiology of childhood depression.
Topics: Brain; Child; Depressive Disorder, Major; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Pituitary-Adrenal System
PubMed: 17431280
DOI: No ID Found