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  • Mucosal microbiome dysbiosis in gastric carcinogenesis.
    Gut Jun 2018
    We aimed to characterise the microbial changes associated with histological stages of gastric tumourigenesis.
    Summary PubMed Full Text PDF

    Authors: Olabisi Oluwabukola Coker, Zhenwei Dai, Yongzhan Nie...

    OBJECTIVES

    We aimed to characterise the microbial changes associated with histological stages of gastric tumourigenesis.

    DESIGN

    We performed 16S rRNA gene analysis of gastric mucosal samples from 81 cases including superficial gastritis (SG), atrophic gastritis (AG), intestinal metaplasia (IM) and gastric cancer (GC) from Xi'an, China, to determine mucosal microbiome dysbiosis across stages of GC. We validated the results in mucosal samples of 126 cases from Inner Mongolia, China.

    RESULTS

    We observed significant mucosa microbial dysbiosis in IM and GC subjects, with significant enrichment of 21 and depletion of 10 bacterial taxa in GC compared with SG (q<0.05). Microbial network analysis showed increasing correlation strengths among them with disease progression (p<0.001). Five GC-enriched bacterial taxa whose species identifications correspond to , , , and had significant centralities in the GC ecological network (p<0.05) and classified GC from SG with an area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC) of 0.82. Moreover, stronger interactions among gastric microbes were observed in -negative samples compared with -positive samples in SG and IM. The fold changes of selected bacteria, and strengths of their interactions were successfully validated in the Inner Mongolian cohort, in which the five bacterial markers distinguished GC from SG with an AUC of 0.81.

    CONCLUSIONS

    In addition to microbial compositional changes, we identified differences in bacterial interactions across stages of gastric carcinogenesis. The significant enrichments and network centralities suggest potentially important roles of , , , and in GC progression.

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Area Under Curve; Carcinogenesis; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; China; Dysbiosis; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Stomach; Stomach Neoplasms; Young Adult

    PubMed: 28765474
    DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314281

  • Dialister pneumosintes and aortic graft infection - a case report.
    BMC Infectious Diseases Sep 2023
    Dialister pneumosintes is an anaerobic, Gram negative bacillus, found in the human oral cavity and associated with periodontitis. It has also been isolated from gastric...
    Summary PubMed Full Text PDF

    Authors: Rachel Patel, Debra S T Chong, Alison J Guy...

    BACKGROUND

    Dialister pneumosintes is an anaerobic, Gram negative bacillus, found in the human oral cavity and associated with periodontitis. It has also been isolated from gastric mucosa and stool samples. Recent case reports implicate D. pneumosintes in local infection such as dental root canals, sinusitis, Lemierres syndrome and brain abscesses, as well as distal infections of the liver and lung through haematogenous spread.

    CASE PRESENTATION

    We present a novel case of aortic graft infection and aortoenteric fistula (AEF) in a 75 year old Caucasian male, associated with D. pneumosintes bacteraemia. Microbiological evaluation of septic emboli in the lower limbs revealed other gastrointestinal flora. This suggests either AEF leading to graft infection and subsequent distal emboli and bacteraemia, or a dental origin of infection which seeded to the graft, resulting in AEF and systemic infection. To our knowledge this is the first report of D. pneumosintes associated aortic graft infection. The patient underwent surgical explantation, oversew of the aorta and placement of extra-anatomical bypass graft in conjunction with antimicrobial therapy, making a good recovery with discharge home after a 35-day hospital admission.

    CONCLUSION

    We report a case of Dialister pneumosintes bacteraemia associated with aortic graft infection. To our knowledge, vascular graft-associated infection with D. pneumosintes has not been reported before.

    Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Aorta; Veillonellaceae; Postoperative Complications; Sepsis; Bacteremia; Bacteroides

    PubMed: 37726696
    DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08584-3

  • Filifactor alocis and Dialister pneumosintes in a Mexican population affected by periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: An exploratory study.
    Microbiology and Immunology Sep 2019
    Filifactor alocis and Dialister pneumosintes have been associated with the initiation and progression of periodontitis (PE). We determined and compared the frequency of...
    Summary PubMed Full Text

    Authors: José Luis Ayala Herrera, Luis Apreza Patrón, Rita Elizabeth Martínez Martínez...

    Filifactor alocis and Dialister pneumosintes have been associated with the initiation and progression of periodontitis (PE). We determined and compared the frequency of both bacteria in patients with PE, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and PE/RA simultaneously. Detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction in the subgingival biofilm. Bacteria were more frequent in patients with PE, and clinical periodontal parameters such as pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were significantly higher in patients with PE/RA. F. alocis and D. pneumosintes could influence PD and CAL, hence participating in the initiation and progression of PE in patients with RA.

    Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biofilms; Clostridiales; Humans; Mexico; Middle Aged; Periodontitis; Veillonellaceae

    PubMed: 31294852
    DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12727

  • Evaluation of periodontal status and detection of in cerebral palsy individuals: A Case-Control study.
    Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2018
    The worldwide prevalence of cerebral palsy among live births is estimated to be between 1.9 and 3.6/1000. The presence of periodontal disease in cerebral palsy children...
    Summary PubMed Full Text

    Authors: S Riyaz Mohammed, Nithya Anand, S C Chandrasekaran...

    BACKGROUND

    The worldwide prevalence of cerebral palsy among live births is estimated to be between 1.9 and 3.6/1000. The presence of periodontal disease in cerebral palsy children typically is due to bacterial plaque accumulation caused by their inability to correctly clean their own teeth, difficulties in chewing and swallowing food, and improper movements of masticatory muscles and tongue muscles.

    OBJECTIVES

    The objective of this study is to estimate the periodontal status in cerebral palsy individuals and evaluate the presence of Dialister pneumosintes.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS

    Thirty cerebral palsy children from the Spastics Society of Tamilnadu with signs of periodontitis were compared with the same number of age- and gender-matched controls for oral hygiene and periodontal parameters. Subgingival plaque samples were screened for the presence of respiratory pathogen D. pneumosintes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

    RESULTS

    A variation was noted between types of cerebral palsy individuals with a mean probing pocket depth value of 6 in spastic type, 4.86 in the ataxic, and 4.3 in the dyskinetic. Clinical attachment level varied from 6.71 in spastic to 5.43 in ataxic and 3.50 in dyskinetic. Oral hygiene index-simplified ranged from 2.764 in spastic to 2.25 in ataxic and 1.41 in dyskinetic. PCR results indicated 25% and 21.7% positivity for D. pneumosintes among cerebral palsy and control group, respectively. The odds ratio calculated to estimate the risk of periodontitis due to D. pneumosintes was 0.765.

    CONCLUSION

    It was concluded that oral hygiene status and severity of periodontitis worsens as the rigidity and muscle tone limiting limb movement increases in cerebral palsy individuals.

    Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Chronic Disease; Dental Plaque; Female; Humans; Male; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Risk; Veillonellaceae

    PubMed: 30589006
    DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_582_15

  • Severe Pneumonia and Sepsis Caused by in an Adolescent.
    Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2021
    () is known to cause dental, periodontal or sinus infections. To date, the pathogen has only been described in a small number of cases with a severe infection.
    Summary PubMed Full Text PDF

    Authors: Maximilian Kaiser, Meike Weis, Katharina Kehr...

    BACKGROUND

    () is known to cause dental, periodontal or sinus infections. To date, the pathogen has only been described in a small number of cases with a severe infection.

    CASE REPORT

    We describe the clinical case of a 13-year-old, obese female patient that presented with acute respiratory failure and sepsis. A CT-scan showed extensive bilateral patchy areas, subpleural and peribronchovascular consolidations with surrounding ground-glass opacity, extensive consolidations in the lower lobes of both lungs matching to a severe pneumonia and clinically emerging acute respiratory distress syndrome. Moreover, it showed extensive sinusitis of the right sinus frontalis, maxillaris and right cellulae ethmoidales. was isolated from an anaerobic blood culture obtained at admission. The antibiotic treatment included piperacillin/tazobactam and oral switch to ampicillin/sulbactam plus ciprofloxacin.

    CONCLUSIONS

    We describe the first adolescent with severe systemic infection. Since the pathogen is difficult to culture the systemic virulence remains unclear. This work aims to sensitize health care specialists to consider infection in patients with periodontal or sinusal infection.

    PubMed: 34200808
    DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060733

  • A Case of Dialister pneumosintes Bacteremia-Associated Neck and Mediastinal Abscess.
    The American Journal of Case Reports Mar 2021
    BACKGROUND Dialister pneumosintes is a suspected periodontal pathogen. It can affect different parts of the body either by hematogenous transmission or regional spread....
    Summary PubMed Full Text PDF

    Authors: Sonia Mannan, Tahir Ahmad, Asma Naeem...

    BACKGROUND Dialister pneumosintes is a suspected periodontal pathogen. It can affect different parts of the body either by hematogenous transmission or regional spread. Here, we report a case of 30-year-old previously healthy woman diagnosed with mediastinal and neck abscess caused by this pathogen. CASE REPORT A 30-year-old woman presented with a 1-day history of fever, vomiting, and diarrhea. She was on her last dose of a 2-week course of oral antibiotic for suspected dental abscess. On admission, parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotic was started for sepsis of unknown source. Because of intermittent spike of high temperature despite being on an antibiotic, cross-sectional imaging was performed, which revealed a superior mediastinal abscess with extension in the neck. She was referred to the ENT surgeon for incision and drainage of the collection. However, the procedure was complicated by injury to the right internal jugular vein. Her postoperative period was also convoluted with the development of pulmonary embolism, followed by deep vein thrombosis of the right upper limb. Her pus polymerase chain reaction test detected 16s rRNA gene, suggestive of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli, and anaerobic blood culture grew Dialister pneumosintes. After a prolonged course of illness and antibiotic treatment, she recovered well, and now is back to her normal activities. CONCLUSIONS Potential life-threatening complications may develop from periodontal infection by this microorganism. In patients being treated for sepsis of unknown origin, not responding to antibiotic treatment, and with a history of recent periodontal infection, a deep-seated abscess needs to be considered.

    Topics: Abscess; Adult; Bacteremia; Female; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Veillonellaceae

    PubMed: 33772571
    DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.930559

  • Profiles of subgingival microbiomes and gingival crevicular metabolic signatures in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
    Alzheimer's Research & Therapy Feb 2024
    The relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has attracted more attention recently, whereas profiles of subgingival microbiomes and gingival...
    Summary PubMed Full Text PDF

    Authors: Che Qiu, Wei Zhou, Hui Shen...

    BACKGROUND

    The relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has attracted more attention recently, whereas profiles of subgingival microbiomes and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) metabolic signatures in AD patients have rarely been characterized; thus, little evidence exists to support the oral-brain axis hypothesis. Therefore, our study aimed to characterize both the microbial community of subgingival plaque and the metabolomic profiles of GCF in patients with AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) for the first time.

    METHODS

    This was a cross-sectional study. Clinical examinations were performed on all participants. The microbial community of subgingival plaque and the metabolomic profiles of GCF were characterized using the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene high-throughput sequencing and liquid chromatography linked to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, respectively.

    RESULTS

    Thirty-two patients with AD, 32 patients with aMCI, and 32 cognitively normal people were enrolled. The severity of periodontitis was significantly increased in AD patients compared with aMCI patients and cognitively normal people. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that the relative abundances of 16 species in subgingival plaque were significantly correlated with cognitive function, and LC-MS/MS analysis identified a total of 165 differentially abundant metabolites in GCF. Moreover, multiomics Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent cOmponents (DIABLO) analysis revealed that 19 differentially abundant metabolites were significantly correlated with Veillonella parvula, Dialister pneumosintes, Leptotrichia buccalis, Pseudoleptotrichia goodfellowii, and Actinomyces massiliensis, in which galactinol, sn-glycerol 3-phosphoethanolamine, D-mannitol, 1 h-indole-1-pentanoic acid, 3-(1-naphthalenylcarbonyl)- and L-iditol yielded satisfactory accuracy for the predictive diagnosis of AD progression.

    CONCLUSIONS

    This is the first combined subgingival microbiome and GCF metabolome study in patients with AD and aMCI, which revealed that periodontal microbial dysbiosis and metabolic disorders may be involved in the etiology and progression of AD, and the differential abundance of the microbiota and metabolites may be useful as potential markers for AD in the future.

    Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Chromatography, Liquid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Periodontitis; Microbiota; Cognitive Dysfunction

    PubMed: 38373985
    DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01402-1

  • Molecular Docking Analysis of Hydroxyclavicol and Eugenol From Betel Leaves Against Outer Membrane Protein (OmpH) of Dialister pneumosintes.
    Cureus Feb 2024
    Introduction is an obligate anaerobic non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacilli. As a part of polymicrobial film, the activated virulence factor causes oral diseases like...
    Summary PubMed Full Text PDF

    Authors: Ilamaran Varshan, Sathish Sankar

    Introduction is an obligate anaerobic non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacilli. As a part of polymicrobial film, the activated virulence factor causes oral diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis. Decreased susceptibility of clinical strains of to different antibiotics including piperacillin and metronidazole raises concerns. There has been significant interest in the utility of plant phytocompounds as potent antibacterial agents.  Aim The study aimed to look at the potential of two phytocompounds, eugenol and hydroxychavicol, for their ability to inhibit outer membrane protein (OmpH) of using computational tools. Results The study showed effective inhibition of the OmpH of by both eugenol and hydroxychavicol. The high probability to be active (Pa) value indicated the probability of true positive for the tested compounds for their predicted biological activity. There was strong reciprocity between the drug-likeliness and its binding affinity for the target protein, indicating an inhibitory nature. Conclusion The tested phytocompounds hydroxychavicol and eugenol showed potential inhibition of the OmpH protein of indicating its potential use as inhibitory compounds of the pathogen and future directions for the treatment of periodontitis and gingivitis.

    PubMed: 38465032
    DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53809

  • Novel Pathogens in Periodontal Microbiology.
    Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences 2017
    Periodontitis is a polymicrobial disease caused by complex interactions between distinct pathogens in a biofilm resulting in the destruction of periodontal tissues. It... (Review)
    Summary PubMed Full Text PDF

    Review

    Authors: K Vidya Hiranmayi, K Sirisha, M V Ramoji Rao...

    Periodontitis is a polymicrobial disease caused by complex interactions between distinct pathogens in a biofilm resulting in the destruction of periodontal tissues. It seems evident that unknown microorganisms might be involved in onset or progression of periodontitis. For many decades, research in the field of oral microbiology failed to identify certain subgingival microbiota due to technical limitations but, over a period of 12 years using molecular approaches and sequencing techniques, it became feasible to reveal the existence of new periodontal pathogens. Therefore, it is evident that in addition to conventional periodontal pathogens, other microbes might be involved in onset and progression of periodontitis. The novel pathogens enlisted under periodontal phylogeny include , , , , , , , , and . The polymicrobial etiology of periodontitis has been elucidated by comprehensive techniques, and studies throwing light on the possible virulence mechanisms possessed by these novel periodontal pathogens are enlisted.

    PubMed: 28979069
    DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_288_16

  • Microbiome confounders and quantitative profiling challenge predicted microbial targets in colorectal cancer development.
    Nature Medicine May 2024
    Despite substantial progress in cancer microbiome research, recognized confounders and advances in absolute microbiome quantification remain underused; this raises...
    Summary PubMed Full Text PDF

    Authors: Raúl Y Tito, Sara Verbandt, Marta Aguirre Vazquez...

    Despite substantial progress in cancer microbiome research, recognized confounders and advances in absolute microbiome quantification remain underused; this raises concerns regarding potential spurious associations. Here we study the fecal microbiota of 589 patients at different colorectal cancer (CRC) stages and compare observations with up to 15 published studies (4,439 patients and controls total). Using quantitative microbiome profiling based on 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing, combined with rigorous confounder control, we identified transit time, fecal calprotectin (intestinal inflammation) and body mass index as primary microbial covariates, superseding variance explained by CRC diagnostic groups. Well-established microbiome CRC targets, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, did not significantly associate with CRC diagnostic groups (healthy, adenoma and carcinoma) when controlling for these covariates. In contrast, the associations of Anaerococcus vaginalis, Dialister pneumosintes, Parvimonas micra, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Prevotella intermedia remained robust, highlighting their future target potential. Finally, control individuals (age 22-80 years, mean 57.7 years, standard deviation 11.3) meeting criteria for colonoscopy (for example, through a positive fecal immunochemical test) but without colonic lesions are enriched for the dysbiotic Bacteroides2 enterotype, emphasizing uncertainties in defining healthy controls in cancer microbiome research. Together, these results indicate the importance of quantitative microbiome profiling and covariate control for biomarker identification in CRC microbiome studies.

    Topics: Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Feces; Female; Aged; Male; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Adult; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Aged, 80 and over; Young Adult; Microbiota; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex

    PubMed: 38689063
    DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02963-2

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