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Iranian Journal of Parasitology 2018Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disease with high population prevalence. and are reported worldwide as a cause of human...
BACKGROUND
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disease with high population prevalence. and are reported worldwide as a cause of human gastrointestinal symptoms. This study evaluated the possible link between this syndrome and the infection with and in Egypt.
METHODS
Overall, 310 stool samples (160 from IBS patients and 150 from controls) were obtained from Tropical Medicine Outpatient Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt between Mar 2015 and Feb 2016. All the stool specimens underwent direct examination and Trichrome staining. Each sample was cultivated on Jones and Robinson's media.
RESULTS
Overall, 42 cases (28%) showed and 2 cases (1.3%) for infections. After performing the culture methods for and detections increased to 50 cases (33.3%) and 3 cases (2%), respectively. While among 150 controls 18 (12%) positive samples were detected as
CONCLUSION
There may be a possible relationship between the presentation of irritable bowel syndrome and and infections, which have to be excluded first.
PubMed: 29963091
DOI: No ID Found -
Iranian Journal of Parasitology Apr 2013The aim of this study was to detect Dientamoeba fragilis by iron haematoxylin stain, as well as its prevalence, and association between D. fragilis infection and...
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to detect Dientamoeba fragilis by iron haematoxylin stain, as well as its prevalence, and association between D. fragilis infection and diarrhoea among patients attending Al-Nuseirate Refugee Camp Clinic, Gaza Strip.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 319 children and adults with age ranges from (1 to 75) years old, attending Al-Nussirat Clinic, and who were complaining from clinical symptoms, like diarrhoea and abdominal pain.
RESULTS
28 individuals were infected with D. fragilis with a prevalence of 8.8%. The detection of 28 cases infected with D. fragilis was proved using iron haematoxylin stain, but no case was detected by direct smear or formal-ether sedimentation technique. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain (96.4%) and diarrhoea (71.4%) in patients with diantamoebiasis and this was statistically significant (P= 0.03). Co-infection between D. fragilis and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar was 50% and between D. fragilis and Giardia lamblia was 7.1%.
CONCLUSION
D. fragilis was present in the patients stool samples and was detected and proved using iron haematoxylin stain.
PubMed: 23914238
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2015The etiology of an outbreak of gastroenteritis in humans cannot always be determined, and ∼25% of outbreaks remain unsolved in New Zealand. It is hypothesized that...
The etiology of an outbreak of gastroenteritis in humans cannot always be determined, and ∼25% of outbreaks remain unsolved in New Zealand. It is hypothesized that novel viruses may account for a proportion of unsolved cases, and new unbiased high-throughput sequencing methods hold promise for their detection. Analysis of the fecal metagenome can reveal the presence of viruses, bacteria, and parasites which may have evaded routine diagnostic testing. Thirty-one fecal samples from 26 gastroenteritis outbreaks of unknown etiology occurring in New Zealand between 2011 and 2012 were selected for de novo metagenomic analysis. A total data set of 193 million sequence reads of 150 bp in length was produced on an Illumina MiSeq. The metagenomic data set was searched for virus and parasite sequences, with no evidence of novel pathogens found. Eight viruses and one parasite were detected, each already known to be associated with gastroenteritis, including adenovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, and Dientamoeba fragilis. In addition, we also describe the first detection of human parechovirus 3 (HPeV3) in Australasia. Metagenomics may thus provide a useful audit tool when applied retrospectively to determine where routine diagnostic processes may have failed to detect a pathogen.
Topics: Computational Biology; Disease Outbreaks; Feces; Gastroenteritis; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Metagenome; Microbiota; New Zealand; Phylogeny; Viruses
PubMed: 25339401
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02029-14 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2017Pediatric diarrhea is a common cause of death among children under 5 years of age. In the current study, we investigated the frequency of intestinal parasites among 580...
Pediatric diarrhea is a common cause of death among children under 5 years of age. In the current study, we investigated the frequency of intestinal parasites among 580 pediatric patients with chronic diarrhea. Parasitic protozoa (all species combined) were detected by molecular tools in 22.9% of the children and the most common parasite was spp. (15.1%). was detected in 4.7%, in 4%, in 1.7%, and in 0.17%. Protozoan infections were observed among all regional groups, but prevalence was highest among Qatari subjects and during the winter season. Typing of spp. revealed a predominance of in 92% of cases with mostly the IIdA20G1 subtype. Subtypes IIdA19G2, IIdA18G2, IIdA18G1, IIdA17G1, IIdA16G1, and IIdA14G1 were also detected. For , IbA10G2 and IbA9G3 subtypes were identified. This study provides supplementary information for implementing prevention and control strategies to reduce the burden of these pediatric protozoan infections. Further analyses are required to better understand the local epidemiology and transmission of spp. in Qatar.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Blastocystis Infections; Blastocystis hominis; Child, Hospitalized; Child, Preschool; Cryptosporidiosis; Cryptosporidium; DNA, Protozoan; Diarrhea; Dientamoeba; Dientamoebiasis; Entamoeba histolytica; Entamoebiasis; Feces; Female; Genotype; Genotyping Techniques; Giardia; Giardiasis; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Parasites; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prevalence; Protozoan Infections; Qatar; Sex Factors
PubMed: 28824878
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00343 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Jun 2008Recent reports of the pathogenic potential of Dientamoeba fragilis have underlined the need for an effective treatment against this colon-dwelling protozoan.... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
Recent reports of the pathogenic potential of Dientamoeba fragilis have underlined the need for an effective treatment against this colon-dwelling protozoan. Metronidazole is a well-known and commonly used anti-protozoal agent, but another 5-nitroimidazole derivative, ornidazole, may be preferable, where available, because of its longer half-life and fewer side-effects. This study compared the efficacies of metronidazole and ornidazole in a group of 112 patients with dientamoebiasis. Patients were randomised into two treatment groups: group 1 (n = 56) received metronidazole for 5 days, 20 mg/kg/day for children and 1.5 g/day for adults, in three oral doses, while group 2 (n = 56) received a single oral dose of ornidazole, 30 mg/kg for children and 2 g for adults. Stool samples were examined on the seventh and 14th days after treatment, and clinical symptoms were recorded to evaluate the efficacy of treatment. A statistically significant difference was recorded between the efficacies of ornidazole and metronidazole, both parasitologically (92.9% vs. 69.6%, p 0.001) and clinically (96.4% vs. 76.8%, p 0.001). Patients in the metronidazole group reported more side-effects than patients in the ornidazole group, none of whom required termination of treatment. These results suggest that single-dose ornidazole may be an important alternative agent for the treatment of dientamoebiasis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amebicides; Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Dientamoeba; Dientamoebiasis; Feces; Humans; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Ornidazole
PubMed: 18397330
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02002.x -
Avicenna Journal of Medicine 2019The intestinal parasites are still endemic among children, women, and men in Gaza Strip.
BACKGROUND
The intestinal parasites are still endemic among children, women, and men in Gaza Strip.
OBJECTIVES
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of intestinal parasites among young female students of Islamic University of Gaza to report the existence and prevalence of intestinal parasites.
METHODS
A total of 305 stool samples were collected from female students in all faculties and were examined by wet mount and formal ether sedimentation technique.
RESULTS
This study showed that the overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 20.6%. The detected intestinal parasites were as follows: (7.5%), (4.9%), (0.3%), (2.6%), (1.0%), and (3.9%). Science students showed the highest prevalence for parasitic infections (35.3%), and married students (16.7%) had higher prevalence than single students (6.5%).
CONCLUSION
It was concluded that female students also are under risk of gaining parasitic infection in spite of their education. It is recommended that university students should be subjected to regular medical examinations for parasitic infections.
PubMed: 31903389
DOI: 10.4103/ajm.AJM_8_19 -
Turkiye Parazitolojii Dergisi Dec 2018The aim of the present study was to identify Blastocystis spp. (particularly the granular form), Dientamoeba fragilis, and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar trophozoites,...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to identify Blastocystis spp. (particularly the granular form), Dientamoeba fragilis, and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar trophozoites, which are difficult to identify using wet mount, as well as Giardia intestinalis cysts, which are difficult to identify by unexperienced researchers, in fresh fecal samples within 5 min using a different fixative employing trichrome staining.
METHODS
The slides were fixed by fixatives based ethyl alcohol, formalin, acetic acid, and distilled water including four different mordants (divalent or polyvalent metals that form coordination complex with some dyes) consisted of zinc sulfate hydrate, copper sulfate hydrate, aluminum sulfate hydrate, and ferric sulfate hydrate using a modification of Gomori's trichrome staining. Samples fixed by Schaudinn fixative including mercury chloride were stained using Wheatley modification of Gomori's trichrome staining as gold standard for control and comparison.
RESULTS
Regarding D. fragilis and E. histolytica/dispar trophozoites, similar results were obtained among the slides stained by classical fixation/staining method and those stained by the alternative method. However, regarding Blastocystis spp. and Giardia intestinalis cysts, classical fixation/staining method was relatively superior to the alternative method.
CONCLUSION
Although the alternative method is slightly inferior to the classical fixation/staining method, it seems to be a good option with respect to the process time.
Topics: Animals; Blastocystis; Coloring Agents; Dientamoeba; Entamoeba histolytica; Feces; Giardia lamblia; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Parasites; Staining and Labeling
PubMed: 30604688
DOI: 10.5152/tpd.2018.5902 -
Parasites & Vectors Jan 2018In this study for the first time, a Dientamoeba fragilis protein profile by MALDI-TOF MS was created in order to identify specific markers for the application of this...
BACKGROUND
In this study for the first time, a Dientamoeba fragilis protein profile by MALDI-TOF MS was created in order to identify specific markers for the application of this technology in the laboratory diagnosis of dientamoebiasis. In particular, one D. fragilis reference strain was used to create a reference spectrum and 14 clinical isolates to verify the reliability of the obtained results.
RESULTS
While 15 peaks were found to be discriminating between the reference strain and the culture medium used, six peaks, observed in all the 14 strains tested, were considered as markers able to identify D. fragilis.
CONCLUSIONS
In our hands, MALDI-TOF MS technology was demonstrated as a useful tool to be used in association with or in replacement of the real-time PCR assay for the identification of D. fragilis used in our laboratory on xenic cultures, due to its accuracy, rapidity and low cost.
Topics: Costs and Cost Analysis; Dientamoeba; Parasitology; Proteome; Protozoan Proteins; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Time Factors
PubMed: 29301570
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2597-3 -
International Journal of Infectious... May 2006To describe the clinical and microbiological features of Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia lamblia infected patients, and to analyze the genetic variation of D. fragilis...
Clinical and microbiological features of dientamoebiasis in patients suspected of suffering from a parasitic gastrointestinal illness: a comparison of Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia lamblia infections.
OBJECTIVES
To describe the clinical and microbiological features of Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia lamblia infected patients, and to analyze the genetic variation of D. fragilis strains.
METHODS
For a period of two years, all stool samples collected from patients suspected of having a parasitic gastrointestinal infection were examined according to our specific triple feces test (TFT) protocol. A retrospective case-control study was performed on D. fragilis and G. lamblia infected patients. Furthermore, PCR and genotyping by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were performed upon the former.
RESULTS
D. fragilis (6.3%) and G. lamblia (7.1%) were the most common pathogenic protozoa isolated out of 448 patients studied. Symptoms most frequently encountered with D. fragilis and G. lamblia infection were abdominal pain (69.2% and 72.4%, respectively) and diarrhea (61.5% and 79.3%, respectively). However, patients with D. fragilis infections suffered significantly less frequently from nausea and/or vomiting, anorexia and weight loss. After treatment, all D. fragilis and G. lamblia infected patients presenting a negative TFT follow-up also reported a complete resolution of their symptoms. Only genotype 1 could be detected in D. fragilis infected patients.
CONCLUSIONS
D. fragilis and G. lamblia were the most frequently encountered parasites in our study population. Improved diagnostic tests are essential tools to study the prevalence and pathogenesis of D. fragilis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Dientamoeba; Dientamoebiasis; Female; Genotype; Giardia lamblia; Giardiasis; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 16469517
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2005.05.011 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2011The aim of this study was to describe the first development and evaluation of a multiplex tandem PCR (MT-PCR) assay for the detection and identification of 4 common... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Evaluation of multiplex tandem real-time PCR for detection of Cryptosporidium spp., Dientamoeba fragilis, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia intestinalis in clinical stool samples.
The aim of this study was to describe the first development and evaluation of a multiplex tandem PCR (MT-PCR) assay for the detection and identification of 4 common pathogenic protozoan parasites, Cryptosporidium spp., Dientamoeba fragilis, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia intestinalis, from human clinical samples. A total of 472 fecal samples submitted to the Department of Microbiology at St. Vincent's Hospital were included in the study. The MT-PCR assay was compared to four real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assays and microscopy by a traditional modified iron hematoxylin stain. The MT-PCR detected 28 G. intestinalis, 26 D. fragilis, 11 E. histolytica, and 9 Cryptosporidium sp. isolates. Detection and identification of the fecal protozoa by MT-PCR demonstrated 100% correlation with the RT-PCR results, and compared to RT-PCR, MT-PCR exhibited 100% sensitivity and specificity, while traditional microscopy of stained fixed fecal smears exhibited sensitivities and specificities of 56% and 100% for Cryptosporidium spp., 38% and 99% for D. fragilis, 47% and 97% for E. histolytica, and 50% and 100% for G. intestinalis. No cross-reactivity was detected in 100 stool samples containing various other bacterial, viral, and protozoan species. The MT-PCR assay was able to provide rapid, sensitive, and specific simultaneous detection and identification of the four most important diarrhea-causing protozoan parasites that infect humans. This study also highlights the lack of sensitivity demonstrated by microscopy, and thus, molecular methods such as MT-PCR must be considered the diagnostic methods of choice for enteric protozoan parasites.
Topics: Cryptosporidium; Dientamoeba; Entamoeba histolytica; Feces; Giardia lamblia; Humans; Microscopy; Parasitology; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protozoan Infections; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 21048004
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01796-10