-
Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) feeding attenuates dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis.Food and Chemical Toxicology : An... Aug 2013This study investigated the protective effect of spray-dried açaí powder (AP) intake on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar...
This study investigated the protective effect of spray-dried açaí powder (AP) intake on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar rats. After 4 weeks of DMH administrations, the groups were fed with standard diet, a diet containing 2.5% or 5.0% AP or a diet containing 0.2% N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for 10 weeks, using aberrant crypt foci (ACF) as the endpoint. Additionally, two groups were fed with standard diet or a diet containing 5.0% AP for 20 weeks, using colon tumors as the endpoint. In ACF assay, a reduction in the number of aberrant crypts (ACs) and ACF (1-3 AC) were observed in the groups fed with 5.0% AP (37% AC and 47% ACF inhibition, p=0.036) and 0.2% NAC (39% AC and 41% ACF inhibition, p=0.042). In tumor assay, a reduction in the number of invasive tumors (p<0.005) and tumor multiplicity (p=0.001) was observed in the group fed with 5.0% AP. Also, a reduction in tumor Ki-67 cell proliferation (p=0.003) and net growth index (p=0.001) was observed in the group fed with 5.0% AP. Therefore the findings of this study indicate that AP feeding may reduce the development of chemically-induced rat colon carcinogenesis.
Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Apoptosis; Arecaceae; Carcinogenesis; Carcinogens; Cell Proliferation; Colonic Neoplasms; Connexin 43; Rats; beta Catenin
PubMed: 23597449
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.011 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Jul 2014The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of Lactobacillus salivarius Ren (LS) on modulating colonic micro flora structure and influencing host colonic...
AIMS
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of Lactobacillus salivarius Ren (LS) on modulating colonic micro flora structure and influencing host colonic health in a rat model with colorectal precancerous lesions.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Male F344 rats were injected with 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and treated with LS of two doses (5 × 10(8) and 1 × 10(10) CFU kg(-1) body weight) for 15 weeks. The colonic microflora profiles, luminal metabolites, epithelial proliferation and precancerous lesions [aberrant crypt foci (ACF)] were determined. A distinct segregation of colonic microflora structures was observed in LS-treated group. The abundance of one Prevotella-related strain was increased, and the abundance of one Bacillus-related strain was decreased by LS treatment. These changes were accompanied by increased short-chain fatty acid levels and decreased azoreductase activity. LS treatment also reduced the number of ACF by c. 40% and suppressed epithelial proliferation.
CONCLUSIONS
Lactobacillus salivarius Ren improved the colonic microflora structures and the luminal metabolisms in addition preventing the early colorectal carcinogenesis in DMH-induced rat model.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
Colonic microflora is an important factor in colorectal carcinogenesis. Modulating the structural shifts of microflora may provide a novel option for preventing colorectal carcinogenesis. This study suggested a potential probiotic-based approach to modulate the intestinal microflora in the prevention of colorectal carcinogenesis.
Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Antibiosis; Bacillus; Body Weight; Carcinogenesis; Cell Proliferation; Colon; Colonic Neoplasms; Lactobacillus; Male; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Nitroreductases; Prevotella; Probiotics; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344
PubMed: 24754742
DOI: 10.1111/jam.12499 -
Food and Chemical Toxicology : An... Aug 2012Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius), a tuberous root native to the Andean region of South America, contains high concentration of fructans with potential for colon cancer...
Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius), a tuberous root native to the Andean region of South America, contains high concentration of fructans with potential for colon cancer prevention. This study investigated the potential beneficial of yacon intake on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar rats. After 4 weeks of DMH-initiation, groups were fed basal diet (G1 and G6) or basal diet containing dried extract of yacon root at 0.5% (G2), 1.0% (G3 and G5) or a synbiotic formulation (G4) (1.0% yacon plus Lactobacillus casei at 2.5 × 10(10)CFU per g diet) for 13 weeks. At week 20, a significant reduction in number and multiplicity of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and in number of invasive adenocarcinomas was observed in the groups orally treated with 1.0% yacon (G3) or the synbiotic formulation (G4) (0.05
Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Asteraceae; Carcinogens; Cell Proliferation; Colonic Neoplasms; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 22595329
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.05.006 -
The Journal of Nutrition Feb 2019Vegetable consumption reduces colon cancer risk when fed in the initiation stage of carcinogenesis; however, the effect of vegetable consumption during the...
BACKGROUND
Vegetable consumption reduces colon cancer risk when fed in the initiation stage of carcinogenesis; however, the effect of vegetable consumption during the post-initiation stage has rarely been examined.
OBJECTIVE
We investigated the chemopreventive effects of feeding apiaceous and cruciferous vegetables on colon cancer risk in the post-initiation stage.
METHODS
Thirty male Wistar rats (∼5 wk, 92 g) were subcutaneously injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine 1 time/wk for 2 wk. One week after the last dose, rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: the basal diet, an apiaceous vegetable-containing diet (API; 21% fresh wt/wt), or a cruciferous vegetable-containing diet (CRU; 21% fresh wt/wt). All diets contained ∼20% protein, 7% fat, and 63% digestible carbohydrate. Experimental diets were fed for 10 wk, after which colons were harvested.
RESULTS
CRU reduced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) number compared to the basal group (P = 0.014) and API (P = 0.013), whereas API decreased the proportion of dysplastic ACF relative to the basal group (P < 0.05). Both CRU and API reduced doublecortin-like kinase 1-positive marker expression relative to basal by 57.9% (P = 0.009) and 51.4% (P < 0.02). The numbers of CD44-positive ACF did not differ between the groups. We identified 14 differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs). Of these, expression of 6 miRNAs were greater or tended to be greater (P ≤ 0.10) in one or both vegetable-containing groups compared to the basal group. Bioinformatic analysis of these expression changes in miRNA predicted a change in WNT/β-catenin signaling, indicating downregulation of β-catenin in the vegetable-fed groups. Consistent with this bioinformatics analysis, β-catenin-accumulated ACF were decreased in CRU (93.1%, P = 0.012), but not in API (54.4%, P = 0.125), compared to the basal group.
CONCLUSION
Both apiaceous and cruciferous vegetables, fed post-initiation, reduce colonic preneoplastic lesions as well as cancer stem cell marker expression in rats, possibly by suppressing oncogenic signaling through changes in miRNA expression.
Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Colonic Neoplasms; Diet; Doublecortin Protein; Gene Expression Regulation; Hyaluronan Receptors; Male; MicroRNAs; Mucins; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vegetables; beta Catenin
PubMed: 30649390
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy257 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2023Colorectal cancer (CRC) is responsible for a notable rise in the overall mortality rate. Obesity is found to be one of the main factors behind CRC development. is a...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is responsible for a notable rise in the overall mortality rate. Obesity is found to be one of the main factors behind CRC development. is a herbaceous plant famous for its medicinal properties, particularly in Southeast Asia for its anti-cancer properties. This study examines the chemopreventive impact of ethanolic extract (APEE) against a high-fat diet and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in Sprague Dawley rats. Sprague Dawley rats were administered 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (40 mg/kg, i.p. once a week for 10 weeks) and a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks to induce colorectal cancer. APEE was administered at 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg for 20 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood serum and organs were collected. DMH/HFD-induced rats had abnormal crypts and more aberrant crypt foci (ACF). APEE at a dose of 500 mg/kg improved the dysplastic state of the colon tissue and caused a 32% reduction in the total ACF. HFD increased adipocyte cell size, while 500 mg/kg APEE reduced it. HFD and DMH/HFD rats had elevated serum insulin and leptin levels. Moreover, UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis revealed that APEE was rich in anti-cancer phytochemicals. This finding suggests that APEE has anti-cancer potential against HFD/DMH-induced CRC and anti-adipogenic and anti-obesity properties.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Andrographis paniculata; 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Diet, High-Fat; Plant Extracts; Colonic Neoplasms; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Obesity; Aberrant Crypt Foci; Carcinogens
PubMed: 36982300
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065224 -
Acta Cirurgica Brasileira May 2013To determine the effect of probiotics on the development of chemically induced (1, 2-dimethylhydrazine) colonic preneoplastic lesions, in mice.
PURPOSE
To determine the effect of probiotics on the development of chemically induced (1, 2-dimethylhydrazine) colonic preneoplastic lesions, in mice.
METHODS
The animals were divided into five groups. The control group was injected with carcinogen alone and the other groups also received probiotics (1- Lactobacillus delbrueckii UFV-H2b20; 2- Bifidobacterium animalis var. lactis Bb12; 3- L. delbrueckii UFV-H2b20 plus B. animalis var. lactis Bb12; and 4- Saccharomyces boulardii) administered orally in drinking water throughout fourteen weeks.
RESULTS
Consumption of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria alone resulted in a significant reduction of the total number of aberrant crypt foci (55.7% and 45.1%, respectively). Significant reduction in the number of these small foci (<3 aberrant crypts) was only observed in the group treated with lactobacilli (52.2%) in comparison to control group. The number of larger foci (>3 aberrant crypts) crypts had no significant reduction.
CONCLUSION
L. delbrueckii UFV-H2b20 and B. animalis var. lactis Bb12 administered alone protect colonic preneoplastic lesions in mice, while the combined treatment of these bacteria and the administration of S.boulardii were not effective in reducing such colonic lesions.
Topics: Aberrant Crypt Foci; Animals; Bifidobacterium; Carcinogens; Colonic Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Dimethylhydrazines; Lactobacillus delbrueckii; Male; Mice; Precancerous Conditions; Probiotics; Reproducibility of Results; Saccharomyces; Time Factors
PubMed: 23702939
DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502013000500008 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Apr 2024The aim of this study is to examine the M1 and M2 macrophages distribution in the rat's colon of DMH-induced inflammation associated colorectal cancer.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to examine the M1 and M2 macrophages distribution in the rat's colon of DMH-induced inflammation associated colorectal cancer.
METHODS
Colon tissue of three groups of 4 rats that induced using 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH) at 30 mg/kg bw every week for 9, 11, and 13 weeks were used. The M1 and M2 distribution was examined by using antibody anti iNOS for M1 and anti-CD163 for M2 with immunohistochemistry method. The data was presents in figure and table in the form of percentage.
RESULT
M1 macrophage was found in all groups in the low distribution level (25% - 50%), while M2 macrophage was observed in all groups with 100% distribution. In the longer period of DMH induction, M2 macrophages was distributed more abundant.
CONCLUSION
All of the rat's colon showing chronic inflammation that led to the tumorigenesis.
Topics: Animals; Rats; Colorectal Neoplasms; Macrophages; 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Inflammation; Colon; Male; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Antigens, CD; Carcinogens; Receptors, Cell Surface
PubMed: 38679997
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.4.1357 -
Food and Chemical Toxicology : An... May 2012Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBIs) are protein molecules containing two inhibitory domains for enzymes similar to trypsin and chymotrypsin. Interest in these inhibitors arose...
Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBIs) are protein molecules containing two inhibitory domains for enzymes similar to trypsin and chymotrypsin. Interest in these inhibitors arose from their properties against the cancer chemically induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). In this study the effect of two BBI preparations (from Glycine max and Macrotyloma axillare) were evaluated for the prevention of colorectal neoplasia induced by intraperitoneal injections of DMH, given at a dose of 30 mg/kg, during 12 weeks. Mice treated with DMH presented histopathological alterations consistent with tumor development, augmented CD44 expression and increased proteasome peptidase activities. Lysosomal fractions, obtained from the intestines, were chromatographed in a Sepharose-BBI column and increased activity for trypsin and chymotrypsin-like proteases recovered from DMH-treated animals. In parallel, mice treated for eight weeks with BBIs showed a decrease in the chymotrypsin and trypsin-like proteasome activities compared to animals fed on normal diet. For the groups receiving simultaneous treatment with DMH and BBIs, dysplasic lesions were not observed and proteasome peptidase activities were similar to the control group after the 24th week. These results suggest that the mechanism by which BBIs could prevent the appearance of pre neoplastic lesions is associated with inhibition of both the lysosomal and proteasome-dependent proteolytic pathways.
Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Blotting, Western; Carcinogens; Chromatography, Gel; Colorectal Neoplasms; Hyaluronan Receptors; Male; Mice; Precancerous Conditions; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Trypsin Inhibitor, Bowman-Birk Soybean
PubMed: 22326805
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.01.036 -
The American Journal of Pathology Sep 1995Cancers share many similarities in growth patterns, cellular morphology, and oncofetal antigen expression with embryonic tissue. To better understand the mechanisms...
Cancers share many similarities in growth patterns, cellular morphology, and oncofetal antigen expression with embryonic tissue. To better understand the mechanisms underlying malignant transformation and its relationship to developmental processes, we studied the expression of Cdx-2, an intestinal epithelium-specific homeodomain protein, in colorectal adenoma and carcinoma. By immunohistochemistry with a polyclonal Cdx-2 antibody we have shown that Cdx-2 expression is markedly reduced in the later stages of human colorectal carcinogenesis, namely, high grade dysplasia and invasive carcinoma. The same findings occur in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colorectal tumors, confirming the parallels between the rat model and the human disease. As homeodomain proteins play major roles in directing the regionalization of body parts and in organogenesis and cellular phenotypic specification, a reduction of Cdx-2 expression in the late stages of colorectal carcinogenesis may reflect a concomitant deviation of the neoplastic tissue from the normal intestinal epithelial phenotype.
Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Adenoma; Animals; CDX2 Transcription Factor; Carcinoma; Colon; Colonic Neoplasms; Dimethylhydrazines; Homeodomain Proteins; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rectal Neoplasms; Reference Values; Trans-Activators
PubMed: 7677172
DOI: No ID Found -
Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny 2022Every year the number of cases of colorectal cancer increases. Chemotherapy is one of the main methods of treating cancer. However, chemotherapeutic treatment of...
BACKGROUND
Every year the number of cases of colorectal cancer increases. Chemotherapy is one of the main methods of treating cancer. However, chemotherapeutic treatment of colorectal cancer is inextricably linked to hepatotoxic reactions.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the cytostatic vincristine on the background of previous enterosorption correction with the drug aut-m in adenocarcinoma of the colon.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
To simulate carcinogenesis, dimethylhydrazine (DMH) was administered subcutaneously to 77 rats for 30 weeks at a dose of 7.2 mg/kg body weight. After simulation of colon cancer, the animals were intragastricly administered entorosorbent at a dose of 1 ml of suspension (corresponding to 0.2 g of net weight of the drug) per 100 g of body weight of the animal, daily for 21 days. After detoxification therapy, rats with simulated carcinogenesis were administered the daily cytostatic vincristine at a dose of 0.23 mg/kg for 14 days.
RESULTS
It was found that prolonged administration of dimethylhydrazine is accompanied by destructive changes in plasma membranes, as evidenced by increased activity of enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and serum urea.
CONCLUSIONS
The used sorbent aut-m showed an effective effect on reducing the manifestations of cytolytic processes in induced carcinogenesis, as indicated by the normalization of the studied parameters. The cytostatic vincristine, which was used in rats with induced colorectal cancer after enterosorption therapy, did not significantly affect the enhancement of cytolytic processes, which confirms the effectiveness of previous sorption measures under these conditions.
Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Body Weight; Carcinogenesis; Carcinogens; Colonic Neoplasms; Cytostatic Agents; Humans; Rats; Vincristine
PubMed: 35748566
DOI: 10.32394/rpzh.2022.0212