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Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Apr 2014
Topics: Animals; Diphyllobothrium; Life Cycle Stages
PubMed: 24901121
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182014000200013 -
Tropical Biomedicine Sep 2017Diphyllobothrium latum infection in human is not common in China and only 15 cases have been reported since 1927. We document a case of Diphyllobothrium latum infection...
Diphyllobothrium latum infection in human is not common in China and only 15 cases have been reported since 1927. We document a case of Diphyllobothrium latum infection caused by the ingestion of raw fish in a 23-year-old woman in Dalian (Liaoning Province), and diphyllobothriasis latum in China is briefly reviewed. The patient experienced abdominal discomfort for about 6 months with a history of discharging proglottids in the feces. The morphologic characteristic of the gravid proglottids and eggs were identified as that of Diphyllobothrium latum. The patient was treated with pumpkin seed powder (100g) and betel nut(100g) on an empty stomach. The majority of reported human cases occurred due to the ingestion of raw or uncooked fish, such as pikes, burbots, trouts, perch and salmons. The patient is the first case reported in Dalian (Lianning Province).
PubMed: 33592940
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... Feb 2024Diphyllobothrium spp., also known as fish tapeworms, is the largest human tapeworm, reaching up to 25 meters of length. Human are considered the definitive host in the...
Diphyllobothrium spp., also known as fish tapeworms, is the largest human tapeworm, reaching up to 25 meters of length. Human are considered the definitive host in the Diphyllobothrium lifecycle. Adult tapeworms attach to human intestinal mucosa with to bilateral grooves. There are at least 14 different species of Diphyllobothrium spp. Capable of causing Dyphyllobothriosis, being D. latum and D. nihonkaiense the most frequent etiologic agents in humans. We present the clinical picture and endoscopic images on a patient with incidental finding of Dyphyllobothriosis in a colonoscopy.
PubMed: 38345520
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2024.10300/2024 -
Veterinary Medicine and Science Mar 2023Fish is a great nutritious food and provides quality protein and a variety of vitamins and minerals. This contributes significantly to the economy and food security in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Fish is a great nutritious food and provides quality protein and a variety of vitamins and minerals. This contributes significantly to the economy and food security in Iran. However, there are safety concerns related to the presence of zoonotic parasites.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study is, therefore, to review fish-borne zoonotic parasites in Iran.
METHODS
Keywords such as fish-borne, parasites, zoonotic, Iran, and some names of fish-borne zoonotic parasites were searched in databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, SID, Magiran, Irandoc, Google Scholar and the World Health Organization.
RESULTS
The most common fish-borne parasites with zoonotic potential identified in reports in the literature were the protozoa Balantidium spp., Myxobolus spp. and Sarcosystis sp.; the trematodes Heterophyes heterophyes and Clinostomum complanatum; the cestodes Ligula intestinalis and Diphyllobothrium latum; the nematodes Pseudoterranova sp., Anisakis spp., Contracaecum spp., Raphidascaris spp., Eustrongylides spp. and Capillaria sp.; and the acanthocephal Corynosoma spp.
CONCLUSIONS
The potential risk factors for the transmission of fish-borne zoonotic parasites to humans are consumption of raw or undercooked infected fish, contact with contaminated water and contact with infected fish. There is a need for epidemiological surveillance of fish for parasites with zoonotic potential and of occurrence of infections in humans to better understand the public health significance and design prevention programs.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Parasites; Iran; Fishes; Public Health; Trematoda
PubMed: 36271486
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.981 -
Gastroenterology Research Jun 2018() infection in humans is uncommon in the United States. Although there has been a drastic decline in the report of infection in this region, physicians should be...
() infection in humans is uncommon in the United States. Although there has been a drastic decline in the report of infection in this region, physicians should be aware of an uncommon presentation and its clinical relevance. We report a case of 55-year-old female of Ecuadorian/Peruvian origin who presented with an unknown cause of chronic right lower quadrant abdominal pain for 2 months without other particular symptoms. Initial workup revealed evidence of iron deficiency anemia, and stool occult blood test was positive. She was scheduled for a colonoscopy to assess the source of occult gastrointestinal bleeding. During her bowel preparation, she passed a 25 cm long white tapeworm-like material confirmed microscopically. Despite passing a worm she continued to have abdominal pain. During the colonoscopy, another worm was found lodged in the appendiceal orifice. The colonoscopic images revealed a segmented tapeworm showing contractile motility, approximately 12 cm in length and 6 mm wide in the appendiceal orifice. The scope was unsuccessful in removing the worm. The parasitological and microbiological examination of the passed worm was positive for . a fish tapeworm that infects humans after the ingestion of raw or undercooked fish. The patient had a history of often eating lightly marinated raw fish ("ceviche") in Peru several months before presentation. It is uncommon for infection to present with iron deficiency anemia. As the worm absorbs approximately 80% of dietary vitamin B12, prolonged infection usually causes vitamin B12 deficiency and megaloblastic anemia, which is reported to affect about 40% of cases. Abdominal pain related to mechanical obstruction is reported, but this case is unique in that the worm preferentially attached to the appendiceal orifice causing subacute focal appendiceal pain. She was treated with a single dose of oral praziquantel. After the treatment, she developed minor cramping for the next 2 days which resolved by day 3, and recalled passing half-inch sized pieces of white tissue and subsequently improved. Although infection is an uncommon cause of chronic abdominal pain with iron deficiency anemia, it is crucial to consider because of the potentially treatable outcome.
PubMed: 29915635
DOI: 10.14740/gr989w -
Microbiology Spectrum Oct 2015"Exotic" food dishes are an expression of regional culture, religion, and ethnicity worldwide. With the increase in international travel to remote areas of the world,... (Review)
Review
"Exotic" food dishes are an expression of regional culture, religion, and ethnicity worldwide. With the increase in international travel to remote areas of the world, globalization of the food supply, and changes in food habits, more people are consuming dishes once considered exotic. Such behavioral changes require awareness by consumers and clinicians about the risks of food-borne infections. This chapter addresses pathogens associated with consumption of raw or undercooked seafood including anisakidosis, Diphyllobothrium latum infection, flukes, and other infectious and toxin-mediated diseases. We discuss the geographic distribution of the pathogens, symptomatology, and basic principles of treatment. Food products derived from turtles, snakes, and other reptiles are reviewed, and we address the risk of gnathostomiasis, sparganosis, trichinellosis, and other pathogens. In discussing infections associated with undercooked beef, pork, and bush meat, we address dysentery, amebiasis, toxoplasmosis, Taenia infections, and risks of novel viral infections, among others. We also review infectious risks from poultry, dairy, and other food items, focusing on those organisms encountered less frequently by clinicians in developed countries. The wide range of infectious organisms related to exotic cuisine underscores the importance of educating the adventurous traveler and warrants continued vigilance on the part of the clinician.
Topics: Animals; Feeding Behavior; Foodborne Diseases; Global Health; Humans
PubMed: 26542047
DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.IOL5-0010-2015 -
Parasitology Research Jun 2007Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of the human broad tapeworms Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense have been totally determined. Both of them are...
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of the human broad tapeworms Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense have been totally determined. Both of them are closed circular molecules (total length, 13,720 bp in D. latum and 13,747 bp in D. nihonkaiense) containing genes for 12 proteins, 22 transfer RNAs, and two ribosomal RNAs. All the genes are coded on T-rich strand. The gene order of Diphyllobothrium mtDNAs is completely identical with that of Taenia and Echinococcus mtDNAs. The overall A + T contents of the genomes are 68.3% in D. latum and 67.8% in D. nihonkaiense. The pairwise divergence values of nucleotide sequences between these tapeworms ranged from 0.069 to 0.152 in protein-coding genes, demonstrating that D. nihonkaiense is a distinct species. The sequences determined in this study may provide useful marker systems for diagnostic, epidemiological, and phylogeographical studies of human diphyllobothriasis.
Topics: Animals; Cluster Analysis; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Genes, Mitochondrial; Genome, Helminth; Humans
PubMed: 17252274
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-006-0433-3 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Apr 2022Intestinal helminth parasites (worms) have afflicted humans throughout history and their eggs are readily detected in archaeological deposits including at locations...
Intestinal helminth parasites (worms) have afflicted humans throughout history and their eggs are readily detected in archaeological deposits including at locations where intestinal parasites are no longer considered endemic (e.g. the UK). Parasites provide valuable archaeological insights into historical health, sanitation, hygiene, dietary and culinary practices, as well as other factors. Differences in the prevalence of helminths over time may help us understand factors that affected the rate of infection of these parasites in past populations. While communal deposits often contain relatively high numbers of parasite eggs, these cannot be used to calculate prevalence rates, which are a key epidemiological measure of infection. The prevalence of intestinal helminths was investigated through time in England, based on analysis of 464 human burials from 17 sites, dating from the Prehistoric to Industrial periods. Eggs from two faecal-oral transmitted nematodes (Ascaris sp. and Trichuris sp.) and the food-derived cestodes (Taenia spp. and Diphyllobothrium latum syn Dibothriocephalus latus) were identified, although only Ascaris was detected at a high frequency. The changing prevalence of nematode infections can be attributed to changes in effective sanitation or other factors that affect these faecal-oral transmitted parasites and the presence of cestode infections reflect dietary and culinary preferences. These results indicate that the impact of helminth infections on past populations varied over time, and that some locations witnessed a dramatic reduction in parasite prevalence during the industrial era (18th-19th century), whereas other locations continued to experience high prevalence levels. The factors underlying these reductions and the variation in prevalence provide a key historical context for modern anthelmintic programs.
Topics: Animals; Ascaris; Diphyllobothrium; Feces; Helminthiasis; Helminths; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Prevalence; United Kingdom
PubMed: 35446843
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010312 -
The American Journal of Tropical... Nov 2023
Topics: Animals; Humans; Diphyllobothrium; Diphyllobothriasis; China; Russia
PubMed: 37549900
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0335 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2013A total number of 14 valid species of Diphyllobothrium tapeworms have been described in literature to be capable of causing diphyllobothriosis, with D. latum being the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
A total number of 14 valid species of Diphyllobothrium tapeworms have been described in literature to be capable of causing diphyllobothriosis, with D. latum being the major causative agent of all human infections. However, recent data indicate that some of these infections, especially when diagnosed solely on the basis of morphology, have been identified with this causative agent incorrectly, confusing other Diphyllobothrium species with D. latum. Another widely distributed species, D. dendriticum, has never been considered as a frequent parasite of man, even though it is found commonly throughout arctic and subarctic regions parasitizing piscivorous birds and mammals. Recent cases of Europeans infected with this cestode called into question the actual geographic distribution of this tapeworm, largely ignored by medical parasitologists.
METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS
On the basis of revision of more than 900 available references and a description and revision of recent European human cases using morphological and molecular (cox1) data supplemented by newly characterized D. dendriticum sequences, we updated the current knowledge of the life-cycle, geographic distribution, epidemiological status, and molecular diagnostics of this emerging causal agent of zoonotic disease of man.
CONCLUSIONS
The tapeworm D. dendriticum represents an example of a previously neglected, probably underdiagnosed parasite of man with a potential to spread globally. Recent cases of diphyllobothriosis caused by D. dendriticum in Europe (Netherlands, Switzerland and Czech Republic), where the parasite has not been reported previously, point out that causative agents of diphyllobothriosis and other zoonoses can be imported throughout the world. Molecular tools should be used for specific and reliable parasite diagnostics, and also rare or non-native species should be considered. This will considerably help improve our knowledge of the distribution and epidemiology of these human parasites.
Topics: Animals; Communicable Diseases, Emerging; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Humans; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Molecular Epidemiology; Neglected Diseases; Topography, Medical
PubMed: 24386497
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002535