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International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2020(Linnaeus, 1758) (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea; syn. ), is a fish-borne zoonotic parasite responsible for diphyllobothriasis in humans. Although has long been studied,...
(Linnaeus, 1758) (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea; syn. ), is a fish-borne zoonotic parasite responsible for diphyllobothriasis in humans. Although has long been studied, many aspects of its epidemiology and distribution remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, mean intensity of infestation, and mean abundance of plerocercoid larvae of in European perch () and its spatial distribution in three commercial fishing areas in Lake Iseo (Northern Italy). A total of 598 specimens of were caught in 2019. The total prevalence of was 6.5%. However, there were significant differences between areas (10.2% North; 7.3% Center; 1.5% South) (Chi-square test, = 0.0018). The mean intensity of infestation ranged from 1 larva in southern area to 1.2 larvae in both the central and northern (Pisogne) areas. In addition, the mean abundance ranged from 0.02 in the southern area to 0.26 in the northern area (Pisogne). The total number of larvae (anterior dorsal-AD = 21; anterior ventral-AV = 1; posterior dorsal-PD = 15; posterior ventral-PV = 5) differed significantly between the four anatomical quadrants (Kruskal-Wallis test; = 0.0001). The prevalence of plerocercoid larvae in European perch from Lake Iseo has long been investigated, but without an appropriate sampling design. With the present study, a broader analysis in spatial distribution has been added to the existing literature, revealing new information about distribution and occurrence in Lake Iseo, with new data that will be useful for health authorities and future studies.
Topics: Animals; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Fish Diseases; Humans; Italy; Lakes
PubMed: 32674519
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145070 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Jun 2009The incidence of human infection with the broad tapeworm Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense has been increasing in urban areas of Japan and in European countries. D....
The incidence of human infection with the broad tapeworm Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense has been increasing in urban areas of Japan and in European countries. D. nihonkaiense is morphologically similar to but genetically distinct from D. latum and exploits anadromous wild Pacific salmon as its second intermediate host. Clinical signs in humans include diarrhea and discharge of the strobila, which can be as long as 12 m. The natural life history and the geographic range of the tapeworm remain to be elucidated, but recent studies have indicated that the brown bear in the northern territories of the Pacific coast region is its natural final host. A recent surge of clinical cases highlights a change in the epidemiologic trend of this tapeworm disease from one of rural populations to a disease of urban populations worldwide who eat seafood as part of a healthy diet.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Female; Food Parasitology; Host-Parasite Interactions; Humans; Incidence; Japan; Male; Middle Aged; Pacific Ocean; Prevalence; Salmon; Urban Population; Ursidae; Young Adult
PubMed: 19523283
DOI: 10.3201/eid1506.090132 -
The Korean Journal of Parasitology Jun 2012Diphyllobothrium latum infections in 4 young Korean men detected from 2008 to 2012 are presented. Three were diagnosed based on spontaneously discharged strobila of the...
Diphyllobothrium latum infections in 4 young Korean men detected from 2008 to 2012 are presented. Three were diagnosed based on spontaneously discharged strobila of the adult worm in their feces, and 1 case was diagnosed by finding the worm at colonoscopy examination in a local clinic. The morphologic characteristics of the gravid proglottid and eggs were consistent with D. latum. All patients were treated with praziquantel 15 mg/kg, and follow-up stool examinations were done at 2 months after the medication. The main clinical complaints were intermittent gastrointestinal troubles such as indigestion, abdominal distension, and spontaneous discharge of tapeworm's segments in their feces. The most probable source of infection was the flesh of salmon or trout according to a patient's past history. These are the 45th to 48th recorded cases diagnosed by the adult worm in the Republic of Korea since 1971.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Anthelmintics; Colonoscopy; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Feces; Humans; Male; Microscopy; Praziquantel; Republic of Korea; Young Adult
PubMed: 22711926
DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2012.50.2.143 -
The American Journal of Tropical... Nov 2012Twenty cases of Dyphillobothrium pacificum (fish tapeworm) infections were prospectively studied to determine whether this tapeworm is associated with megaloblastic...
Twenty cases of Dyphillobothrium pacificum (fish tapeworm) infections were prospectively studied to determine whether this tapeworm is associated with megaloblastic anemia, as commonly reported for D. latum infections. The most frequent symptoms were fatigue and mild abdominal pain, which were identified in approximately 66.6% of the 18 patients interviewed. Fourteen patients received treatment with niclosamide and all were cured. The other six patients spontaneously eliminated the tapeworms. One patient, who also had chronic diabetes and gastric atrophy, had low vitamin B12 levels and megaloblastic anemia. In all other patients, including three other patients with anemia, baseline vitamin B12 levels were in the reference range and did not significantly change when re-assessed three months later. Unlike D. latum, infection with D. pacificum is seldom associated with megaloblastic anemia or vitamin B12 deficit.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Child; Child, Preschool; Diphyllobothriasis; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Vitamin B 12; Young Adult
PubMed: 22987655
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0067 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Mar 2007Colorectal cancer screening can be performed by fecal occult blood testing, sigmoidoscopy, double contrast barium enema or colonoscopy. Colonoscopy has the significant...
Colorectal cancer screening can be performed by fecal occult blood testing, sigmoidoscopy, double contrast barium enema or colonoscopy. Colonoscopy has the significant advantage that polyps can be removed during the same procedure. Occasionally, colonoscopy can also reveal unexpected findings, including parasitic infections, even in asymptomatic patients. Tapeworms or cestodes are hermaphroditic parasites, which can live for considerable periods of time in the human gastrointestinal tract. Fish tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium species) are endemic in various parts of the world, the commonest species being Diphyllobothrium latum. Humans are the main definitive host for D. Latum and the majority of individuals harbouring the parasite are asymptomatic, while 40% of infected individuals may have low vitamin B12 levels. We describe a case of D. latum infection found on routine colonoscopic screening for colorectal cancer in an asymptomatic patient, which was successfully treated with praziquantel. The infection likely arose following raw fish (sushi) consumption.
Topics: Aged; Animals; Colonoscopy; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Female; Fish Products; Humans; Incidental Findings; Rectum
PubMed: 17465485
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i12.1875 -
The Korean Journal of Parasitology Oct 2016An excavation of the Vesakoyakha II-IV and Nyamboyto I burial grounds was conducted during the 2014 field season, and soil samples from intact burials dating from the...
An excavation of the Vesakoyakha II-IV and Nyamboyto I burial grounds was conducted during the 2014 field season, and soil samples from intact burials dating from the 19th and 20th centuries, respectively, were analyzed to determine interactions between parasites and host/vectors. Considering the discovery of sp. and sp. eggs in soil samples from the pelvic region, diphyllobothriasis was the most frequent helminthic infection among the Taz Nenets. The Nyamboyto Nenets mainly consumed uncooked fish, while the Vesakoyakha Nenets had a bigger variety in food choices, including reindeer meat. Nenets children were given raw fish from early childhood. The paleoparasitological results corroborate rare ethnographic records about the consumption of uncooked reindeer cerebrum which led to beef tapeworm helminthiases. This is the first parasitological report of helminthic diseases among the Taz Nenets, and, as such, it provides insight into their subsistence activities and food patterns and broadens our understanding of their health condition.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Child; Diphyllobothrium; Feeding Behavior; Female; Fossils; Humans; Infant; Male; Rural Population; Russia; Taenia; Tundra
PubMed: 27853118
DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2016.54.5.617 -
Parasitology Research Mar 2024Dog faecal samples examined from January 2019 to December 2019 were retrospectively analysed for frequency of endoparasites. The examinations were performed with several...
Dog faecal samples examined from January 2019 to December 2019 were retrospectively analysed for frequency of endoparasites. The examinations were performed with several different methods: 29,219 samples were examined by flotation method and sodium acetate-acetic acid-formalin concentration (SAFC) technique, 1,330 samples by Baermann-Wetzel migration technique, 12,221 samples using a Giardia coproantigen enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 1,180 samples using a Cryptosporidium coproantigen ELISA, 1,671 samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for Giardia duodenalis and 447 samples by PCR testing for Cryptosporidium spp.. A total of 7.1% of the samples were positive for parasites in the microscopical examination using the flotation method and SAFC technique. The parasites found included Cystoisospora spp. (2.8%), Giardia duodenalis (2.3%), Ancylostomatidae (1.8%), Toxocara canis (1.6%), Trichuris vulpis (0.7%), Toxascaris leonina (0.5%), Capillaria spp. (0.2%), Angiostrongylus vasorum (0.2%), Crenosoma vulpis (0.1%), Taeniidae (0.1%), Sarcocystis spp. (0.03%), Dipylidium caninum (0.01%), Diphyllobothrium latum (< 0.01%), Spirurida (< 0.01%) and Opisthorchiidae (< 0.01%). Using the Baermann-Wetzel migration technique, Angiostrongylus vasorum was found in 0.75% and Crenosoma vulpis in 0.3% of the samples. ELISAs for Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. revealed 13.9% and 1.0% positive faecal samples, and Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. PCRs 19.4% and 2.0%, respectively. Dogs in the first year of life were more frequently infected with parasites than older animals. In the microscopic examination using flotation method and SAFC technique, the significantly highest detection rates were found in dogs up to six months of age (p < 0.001).
Topics: Dogs; Animals; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Cryptosporidiosis; Retrospective Studies; Cryptosporidium; Dog Diseases; Prevalence; Parasites; Giardia lamblia; Germany; Feces; Angiostrongylus
PubMed: 38480554
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08181-6 -
Journal of Food Protection Jan 1979Three species of tapeworms may be transmitted to man by ingestion of animal flesh: Taenia saginata , Taenia solium , and Diphyllobothrium latum . The first two are the...
Three species of tapeworms may be transmitted to man by ingestion of animal flesh: Taenia saginata , Taenia solium , and Diphyllobothrium latum . The first two are the subject of this brief review which concentrates on recent studies in the field and emphasizes concepts of importance in detection, control, and prevention of cysticercosis. T. saginata cysticercosis in beef (beef measles) continues to be a concern in developed countries such as the United States, as well as in developing areas such as East Africa where the infection is widespread. The high standards of meat inspection in the United States have not succeeded in eliminating beef cysticercosis which is seen primarily in feedlot cattle originating in the southwestern U.S. However, it should not be viewed as a strictly regional problem, due to the widespread movement of animals and meat within the United States. Beef cysticercosis is costly due to the special treatment required of infected carcasses; serious effects on human health are rare. In contrast, T. solium cysticercosis in swine (pork measles) is rarely reported in areas such as the U.S., Canada, and most European countries, but is still a definite human health concern in Mexico, some other Latin American nations and parts of Africa and Asia. In addition to being a financial burden, T. solium is a serious public health threat in those countries where it is prevalent.
PubMed: 30812327
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X-42.1.58 -
Helminthologia Sep 2019Diphyllobothriosis is a fish-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by so-called "broad tapeworms" or "fish tapeworms" of different genera of the order Diphyllobothriidea....
Diphyllobothriosis is a fish-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by so-called "broad tapeworms" or "fish tapeworms" of different genera of the order Diphyllobothriidea. (Linnaeus 1758), (syn. , is a medically important type species of the genus, whose occurrence in various European regions is either regular, e.g. in the Alpine lakes region, or occasional and sporadic, e. g. in the Danube River region. For the latter, data on the detection of plerocercoids in the second intermediate fish host (European perch ), as well as in definitive hosts (human and dog), in which infection was directly linked to the consumption of infected fish from the Danube, were published more than 50 years ago. In order to assess the current situation, we aimed to find out whether is present in the natural environment of the Danube River. In total, 700 perch from five sampling sites in the Slovak part of the Danube River were examined. Plerocercoids were not detected in any fish examined, which leads to the conclusion that is currently not present in the studied aquatic environment.
PubMed: 31662698
DOI: 10.2478/helm-2019-0001 -
Molecules and Cells Jun 2007We sequenced and characterized the complete mitochondrial genome of the Japanese fish tapeworm D. nihonkaiense. The genome is a circular-DNA molecule of 13607 bp (one... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense (Diphyllobothriidae: Cestoda), and development of molecular markers for differentiating fish tapeworms.
We sequenced and characterized the complete mitochondrial genome of the Japanese fish tapeworm D. nihonkaiense. The genome is a circular-DNA molecule of 13607 bp (one nucleotide shorter than that of D. latum mtDNA) containing 12 protein-coding genes (lacking atp8), 22 tRNA genes and two rRNA genes. Gene order and genome content are identical to those of the other cestodes reported thus far, including its congener D. latum. The only exception is Hymenolepis diminuta in which the positions of trnS2 and trnL1 are switched. We tested a PCR-based molecular assay designed to rapidly and accurately differentiate between D. nihonkaiense and D. latum using species-specific primers based on a comparison of their mtDNA sequences. We found the PCR-based system to be very reliable and specific, and suggest that PCR-based identification methods using mtDNA sequences could contribute to the study of the epidemiology and larval ecology of Diphyllobothrium species.
Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; Biomarkers; Chromosome Mapping; DNA, Mitochondrial; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Fishes; Genes, rRNA; Genome, Helminth; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Open Reading Frames; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Transfer; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Species Specificity
PubMed: 17646713
DOI: No ID Found