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Anatomical Science International Jul 2022This article translates the guidelines for cadaver surgical training (CST) published in 2012 by Japan Surgical Society (JSS) and Japanese Association of Anatomists from...
This article translates the guidelines for cadaver surgical training (CST) published in 2012 by Japan Surgical Society (JSS) and Japanese Association of Anatomists from Japanese to English. These guidelines are based on Japanese laws and enable the usage of donated cadavers for CST and clinical research. The following are the conditions to implement the activities outlined in the guidelines. The aim is to improve medicine and to contribute to social welfare. Activities should only be carried out at medical or dental universities under the centralized control by the department of anatomy under the regulation of Japanese law. Upon the usage of cadavers, registered donors must provide a written informed-consent for their body to be used for CST and other activities of clinical medicine. Commercial use of cadavers and profit-based CST is strongly prohibited. Moreover, all the cadaver-related activities except for the commercial-based ones require the approval of the University's Institutional Review Board (IRB) before implementation. The expert committee organized at each university for the implementation of CST should summarize the implementation of the program and report the details of the training program, operating costs, and conflicts of interest to the CST Promotion Committee of JSS.
Topics: Anatomists; Anatomy; Cadaver; Clinical Medicine; Dissection; Humans; Japan
PubMed: 35606673
DOI: 10.1007/s12565-022-00665-8 -
PloS One 2015Peer-assisted learning encourages students to participate more actively in the dissection process and promotes thoughtful dissection. We implemented peer-assisted...
Peer-assisted learning encourages students to participate more actively in the dissection process and promotes thoughtful dissection. We implemented peer-assisted dissection in 2012 and compared its effects on students' self-assessments of learning and their academic achievement with those of faculty-led dissection. All subjects performed dissections after a lecture about upper-limb gross anatomy. Experimental group (n = 134) dissected a cadaver while guided by peer tutors who had prepared for the dissection in advance, and control group (n = 71) dissected a cadaver after the introduction by a faculty via prosection. Self-assessment scores regarding the learning objectives related to upper limbs were significantly higher in experimental group than in control group. Additionally, experimental group received significantly higher academic scores than did control group. The students in peer-assisted learning perceived themselves as having a better understanding of course content and achieved better academic results compared with those who participated in faculty-led dissection. Peer-assisted dissection contributed to self-perception and to the ability to retain and explain anatomical knowledge.
Topics: Adult; Anatomy; Cadaver; Comprehension; Dissection; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Educational Measurement; Female; Humans; Learning; Male; Models, Statistical; Peer Group; Perception; Students, Medical; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 26565616
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142988 -
CBE Life Sciences Education 2016In science education, dissections of animals are an integral part of teaching, but they often evoke negative emotions. We aimed at reducing negative emotions (anxiety,...
In science education, dissections of animals are an integral part of teaching, but they often evoke negative emotions. We aimed at reducing negative emotions (anxiety, negative affect [NA]) and increasing positive affect (PA) and self-efficacy by an experimental intervention using a predissection video to instruct students about fish dissection. We compared this treatment with another group that watched a life history video about the fish. The participants were 135 students studying to become biology teachers. Seventy received the treatment with the dissection video, and 65 viewed the life history video. We applied a pre/posttest treatment-comparison design and used the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory for State (STAI-S), and a self-efficacy measure three times: before the lesson (pretest), after the film treatment (posttest 1), and after the dissection (posttest 2). The dissection film group scored higher in PA, NA, and state anxiety (STAI-S) after the dissection video treatment and higher in self-efficacy after the dissection. The life history group showed no differences between the pretest and posttest 1. The dissection film has clear benefits - increasing PA and self-efficacy - that come at the cost of higher NA and higher STAI-S.
Topics: Affect; Anxiety; Biology; Communications Media; Dissection; Emotions; Female; Humans; Learning; Male; Motion Pictures; Self Efficacy; Students
PubMed: 27290738
DOI: 10.1187/cbe.15-07-0144 -
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic... Jun 2021Intracranial artery dissection (IAD) often causes headache and cerebral vascular ischemic events. The imaging characteristics of IAD remain unclear. This study aims to...
BACKGROUND
Intracranial artery dissection (IAD) often causes headache and cerebral vascular ischemic events. The imaging characteristics of IAD remain unclear. This study aims to characterize the appearance of culprit and non-culprit IAD using high-resolution cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (hrCMR) and quantify the incremental value of hrCMR in identifying higher risk lesions.
METHODS
Imaging data from patients who underwent intervention examination or treatment using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and hrCMR using a 3 T CMR system within 30 days after the onset of neurological symptoms were collected. The CMR protocol included diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), black blood T1-, T2- and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences. Lesions were classified as culprit and non-culprit according to imaging findings and patient clinical presentations. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the difference between culprit and non-culprit lesions and complementary value of hrCMR in identifying higher risk lesions.
RESULTS
In total, 75 patients were included in this study. According to the morphology, lesions could be classified into five types: Type I, classical dissection (n = 50); Type II, fusiform aneurysm (n = 1); Type III, long dissected aneurysm (n = 3); Type IV, dolichoectatic dissecting aneurysm (n = 9) and Type V, saccular aneurysm (n = 12). Regression analyses showed that age and hypertension were both associated with culprit lesions (age: OR, 0.83; 95% CI 0.75-0.92; p < 0.001 and hypertension: OR, 66.62; 95% CI 5.91-751.11; p = 0.001). Hematoma identified by hrCMR was significantly associated with culprit lesions (OR, 16.80; 95% CI 1.01-280.81; p = 0.037). Moreover, 17 cases (16 lesions were judged to be culprit) were diagnosed as IAD but not visible in DSA and 15 were Type I lesion.
CONCLUSION
hrCMR is helpful in visualizing and characterizing IAD. It provides a significant complementary value over DSA for the diagnosis of IAD.
Topics: Aortic Dissection; Arteries; Dissection; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Predictive Value of Tests
PubMed: 34120627
DOI: 10.1186/s12968-021-00766-9 -
European Journal of Vascular and... Feb 2023
Topics: Humans; Kidney; Dissection
PubMed: 36075542
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.09.001 -
La Clinica Terapeutica 2023Anatomy, one of medicine's vital subjects, demands extreme visualization to understand the intricate architecture of the human body. Although various other methods of... (Review)
Review
Anatomy, one of medicine's vital subjects, demands extreme visualization to understand the intricate architecture of the human body. Although various other methods of virtual dissections are in place, an increasing number of anatomists, clinicians, and surgeons are advocating for re-enhancing anatomical education through traditional cadaveric dissection. These traditional pedagogies potentially expose anatomy educators to various risks in the dissection laboratory, which endangers their health and well-being. Unfortunately, no one is counting on them or the hazards they face. It's like saying, "Fall ill at your own peril." Various studies have revealed the occupational hazards anatomists are exposed to, but the issue remains unheard of or relatively heard. Hence, this narrative review aims to highlight numerous occupational risks that anatomists face worldwide, particularly in underdeveloped or developing nations. Simultaneously, the authors strongly advocate that competent authorities review and evaluate the working conditions of anatomy laboratories and frame policies that ensure the rights and optimal health of anatomy educators.
Topics: Humans; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Students, Medical; Cadaver; Dissection; Workplace; Anatomy; Curriculum
PubMed: 37674454
DOI: 10.7417/CT.2023.2462 -
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA Jan 2022Due to the ongoing discussion of the usefulness of dissection on human bodies in medical curricula, we investigated the influence of anatomical knowledge collected in...
PURPOSE
Due to the ongoing discussion of the usefulness of dissection on human bodies in medical curricula, we investigated the influence of anatomical knowledge collected in the dissection course and requested for modules of visceral surgery.
METHODS
Students attending the dissection course of topographic anatomy had to answer a questionnaire of 22 questions with focus on anatomical knowledge required for visceral surgical modules. Failure was defined as 13 or fewer correct answers, success categorized as high, good or moderate. The same questionnaire was handed out to 245 students prior to the module on visceral surgery. Students provided information on which regions they had dissected during the course or prior to the module. The results were compared to the result of a written Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) exam of the module visceral surgery (n = 160 students) with an unannounced primary focus on anatomy.
RESULTS
Students who dissected the truncal regions of the human body succeeded in answering the questionnaire with high success. Students dissecting regions of the Head/Neck or Limbs had a high failure rate, and none of them reached the "high" success level. In the MCQ exam, students dissecting truncal regions had a high success rate, while those who had not dissected or who dissected the Head/Neck or Limbs had a high failure rate.
CONCLUSION
Dissections support and improve the required knowledge for surgical modules. For the visceral surgical module, students dissecting the region prior to the module greatly benefited. Therefore, entire human body dissection assumes to be preferable.
Topics: Anatomy; Cadaver; Curriculum; Dissection; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Educational Measurement; Humans; Students, Medical
PubMed: 34309713
DOI: 10.1007/s00276-021-02802-w -
STAR Protocols Jun 2020Single-cell sequencing (sc-Seq) is a powerful tool to investigate the molecular signatures of cell types in a complex mixture of cells. A critical step in sc-Seq is...
Single-cell sequencing (sc-Seq) is a powerful tool to investigate the molecular signatures of cell types in a complex mixture of cells. A critical step in sc-Seq is preparing a single-cell suspension with a high number of viable cells. Here, we show how to dissect zebrafish telencephalon and how to dissociate it into a single-cell suspension. This is followed by flow cytometry-based sorting to enrich for neural progenitor stem cells. Our technique typically yields 70,000 live cells from one zebrafish telencephalon. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Cosacak et al. (2019).
Topics: Animals; Dissection; Humans; Single-Cell Analysis; Telencephalon; Zebrafish
PubMed: 32835293
DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2020.100042 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Dec 2014Use of the zebrafish model system for studying development, regeneration, and disease is expanding toward use of adult hearts for cell dissociation and purification of...
Use of the zebrafish model system for studying development, regeneration, and disease is expanding toward use of adult hearts for cell dissociation and purification of RNA, DNA, and proteins. All of these applications demand the rapid recovery of significant numbers of zebrafish hearts to avoid gene regulatory, metabolic, and other changes that begin after death. Adult zebrafish hearts are also required for studying heart structure for a variety of mutants and for studying heart regeneration. However, the traditional zebrafish heart dissection is slow and difficult and requires specialized tools, making large-scale dissection of adult zebrafish hearts tedious. Traditional methods also harbor the risk of damaging the heart during the dissection. Here, we describe a method for dissection of adult zebrafish hearts that is fast, reproducible, and preserves heart architecture. Furthermore, this method does not require specialized tools, is painless for the zebrafish, can be performed on fresh or fixed specimens, and can be performed on zebrafish as young as one month old. The approach described expands the use of adult zebrafish for cardiovascular research.
Topics: Animals; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Dissection; Heart; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Zebrafish
PubMed: 25548868
DOI: 10.3791/52248 -
International Braz J Urol : Official... 2018Only few reports are known about the use of robotic surgery for prostate benign enlargement. The robotic surgery can be improved by laparoscopic tricks. We show a video...
INTRODUCTION
Only few reports are known about the use of robotic surgery for prostate benign enlargement. The robotic surgery can be improved by laparoscopic tricks. We show a video of robotic adenomectomy where a laparoscopic dissector is used to help create the plan between prostatic capsule and adenoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A 62 years old male had severe urinary flow outlet obstruction. Medical therapy was not effective. Ultrasound detected a 92gr enlarged prostate with a large middle lobe. Robotic assisted adenomectomy was scheduled. The procedure followed this sequence: opening of Retzius space, superficial suture of the Dorsal vein complex, horizontal cistotomy. The plan was created with electrocautery and blunt dissection with the laparoscopic dissector. Haemostatic sutures were placed between prostate fossa and the posterior bladder neck and closure of the cistotomy.
RESULTS
Whole operation time was 160 minutes, with a blood loss of 80cc. There was no perioperative or post-operative complication. Catheter was removed after 4 days. Post-operatory uroflowmetry shows a peak flow of 30ml/sec. Pathological examination is negative for tumor. After 60 days IPSS was 8.
CONCLUSION
Robotic prostate adenomectomy using the laparoscopic dissector is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic enlargement. It is a novel technique to find and dissect the plane between prostatic adenoma and capsule. This could be one more use of laparoscopic technology to improve surgical outcomes in robotic field.
Topics: Dissection; Humans; Laparoscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29617077
DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2017.0609