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Are public health researchers designing for dissemination? Findings from a national survey in China.Implementation Science Communications Sep 2023Research findings are not always disseminated in ways preferred by audiences, and research dissemination is not always considered a priority by researchers. While...
BACKGROUND
Research findings are not always disseminated in ways preferred by audiences, and research dissemination is not always considered a priority by researchers. While designing for dissemination (D4D) provides an active process to facilitate effective dissemination, use of these practices in China is largely unknown. We aimed to describe the designing for dissemination activities and practices among public health researchers in China.
METHODS
In January 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in 61 sub-committees of four national academic societies which include a wide range of health disciplines. The sample mainly involved researchers at universities or research institutions, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at national or regional levels, and hospitals. Participants completed a 42-item online questionnaire. Respondent characteristics, dissemination routes, dissemination barriers, organizational support, and personal practice of D4D were examined with descriptive analyses.
RESULTS
Of 956 respondents, 737 were researchers. Among these researchers, 58.1% had disseminated their research findings. Although there were some variation in the commonly used routes among different groups, academic journals (82.2%) and academic conferences (73.4%) were the most frequently used routes. Barriers to dissemination to non-research audiences existed at both organizational level (e.g., a lack of financial resources, platforms, and collaboration mechanisms) and individual level (e.g., a lack of time, knowledge, and skills, and uncertainty on how to disseminate). About a quarter of respondents (26.7%) had a dedicated person or team for dissemination in their unit or organization, with university researchers reporting a significantly higher proportion than their counterparts (P < 0.05). Only 14.2% of respondents always or usually used frameworks or theories to plan dissemination activities, 26.2% planned dissemination activities early, and 27.1% always or usually involved stakeholders in the research and dissemination process. Respondents with working experience in a practice or policy setting or dissemination and implementation training experience were more likely to apply these D4D strategies (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Considerable room exists for improvement in using impactful dissemination routes, tackling multiple barriers, providing organizational support, and applying D4D strategies among Chinese public health researchers. Our findings have implications for structural changes in academic incentive systems, collaborations and partnerships, funding priorities, and training opportunities.
PubMed: 37670371
DOI: 10.1186/s43058-023-00451-1 -
MSystems Feb 2022Carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli (CP-) represents a major public health threat with a risk of dissemination in the community as has occurred for lineages...
Carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli (CP-) represents a major public health threat with a risk of dissemination in the community as has occurred for lineages producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases. To characterize the extent of CP- spread in France, isolates from screening and infection samples received at the French National Reference Center (F-NRC) laboratory for carbapenemase-producing were investigated. A total of 691 CP- isolates collected between 2012 and 2015 and 22 isolates collected before 2012 were fully sequenced. Analysis of their genome sequences revealed some disseminating multidrug-resistant (MDR) lineages frequently acquiring diverse carbapenemase genes mainly belonging to clonal complex 23 (CC23) (sequence type 410 [ST410]) and CC10 (ST10 and ST167) and sporadic isolates, including rare ST131 isolates ( = 17). However, the most represented sequence type (ST) was ST38 ( = 92) with four disseminated lineages carrying genes inserted in the chromosome. Globally, the most frequent carbapenemase gene ( = 457) was . It was also less frequently associated with MDR isolates being the only resistance gene in 119 isolates. Thus, outside the ST38 clades, its acquisition was frequently sporadic with no sign of dissemination, reflecting the circulation of the IncL plasmid pOXA-48 in France and its high frequency of conjugation. In contrast, and genes were often associated with the evolution of MDR E. coli lineages characterized by mutations in and Carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli (CP-) might be difficult to detect, as MICs can be very low. However, their absolute number and their proportion among carbapenem-resistant have been increasing, as reported by WHO and national surveillance programs. This suggests a still largely uncharacterized community spread of these isolates. Here, we have characterized the diversity and evolution of CP- isolated in France before 2016. We show that carbapenemase genes are associated with a wide variety of E. coli genomic backgrounds and a small number of dominant phylogenetic lineages. In a significant proportion of CP-, the most frequent carbapenemase gene , was detected in isolates lacking any other resistance gene, reflecting the dissemination of pOXA-48 plasmids, likely in the absence of any antibiotic pressure. In contrast, carbapenemase gene transfer may also occur in multidrug-resistant E. coli, ultimately giving rise to at-risk lineages encoding carbapenemases with a high potential of dissemination.
Topics: Humans; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Phylogeny; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae; France
PubMed: 35014866
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01169-21 -
Cellular & Molecular Immunology Jun 2019Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is recognized as a global health problem due to its increasing occurrence, challenging treatment, and persistent impacts on brain...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is recognized as a global health problem due to its increasing occurrence, challenging treatment, and persistent impacts on brain pathophysiology. Neural cell death in patients with TBI swiftly causes inflammation in the injured brain areas, which is recognized as focal brain inflammation. Focal brain inflammation causes secondary brain injury by exacerbating brain edema and neuronal death, while also exerting divergent beneficial effects, such as sealing the damaged limitans and removing cellular debris. Recent evidence from patients with TBI and studies on animal models suggest that brain inflammation after TBI is not only restricted to the focal lesion but also disseminates to remote areas of the brain. The dissemination of inflammation has been detected within days after the primary injury and persists chronically. This state of inflammation may be related to remote complications of TBI in patients, such as hyperthermia and hypopituitarism, and may lead to progressive neurodegeneration, such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Future studies should focus on understanding the mechanisms that govern the initiation and propagation of brain inflammation after TBI and its impacts on post-trauma brain pathology.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Encephalitis; Free Radicals; Humans; Neurons; Neurotoxins
PubMed: 30846842
DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0213-5 -
Cancer Apr 2012The prospective surveillance model proposes a paradigm shift in the delivery of care for patients with breast cancer. The model is based on clinical research and... (Review)
Review
The prospective surveillance model proposes a paradigm shift in the delivery of care for patients with breast cancer. The model is based on clinical research and clinical practice experience that was reviewed and discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting. The model identifies critical physical sequelae of treatment as well as timeframes for identification of and surveillance for these issues. Although the model of ongoing assessment for physical impairment and early rehabilitative intervention creates a framework for care, broad support and active dissemination among a variety of stakeholders will be required to transform patient care. Translating research findings to transform practice often occurs on a protracted timeline. The authors sought participation from a variety of stakeholder representatives throughout the process of creating this model in an effort to ensure that it reflects the realities of the patient experience and care delivery, to incorporate their input regarding the construct and viability of the model, and to potentiate effective and efficient strategies for implementation. This article summarizes comments from stakeholder representatives concerning the prospective surveillance model for rehabilitation for women treated for breast cancer. Concerns addressed include the scope of impairments included in the model, the potential creation of barriers to exercise and participation in community exercise programs, and cost and feasibility issues. Stakeholder disseminations strategies are also presented. Overall, there is recognition by the stakeholder group that this model calls attention to important unmet needs and defines a crucial opportunity to improve care for breast cancer survivors.
Topics: Adult; Aged; American Cancer Society; Breast Neoplasms; Congresses as Topic; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Health Plan Implementation; Humans; Information Dissemination; Longitudinal Studies; Middle Aged; Models, Organizational; Patient Care Team; Prospective Studies; Quality of Health Care; United States
PubMed: 22488707
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.27470 -
Heritage & Society 2022This article explores the potential of social media in disseminating and communicating archaeological knowledge and the ways in which their impact on the public can be...
This article explores the potential of social media in disseminating and communicating archaeological knowledge and the ways in which their impact on the public can be enhanced through marketing plans. It examines the implementation of such a plan in the context of the Facebook page of the ERC Advanced Grant project "The sound of special places: exploring rock art soundscapes and the sacred" (acronym: Artsoundscapes). Using quantitative and qualitative data provided by the Facebook Insights altmetrics tool, the article evaluates the general performance of the Artsoundscapes page and measures the effectiveness of the marketing plan. It discusses the components of marketing plans with emphasis on a carefully designed content strategy that, in the case of the Artsoundscapes Facebook page, in only 19 months of existence has resulted in the organic development of an active online community of 757 fans and 787 followers from 45 countries. The marketing plan has contributed to raising awareness of the Artsoundscapes project and an emerging, highly specialized and little-known branch of archaeology - the archaeoacoustics of rock art sites. It rapidly and engagingly disseminates the project's activities and outcomes among both specialist and non-specialist audiences, and informs the non-specialist public about relevant advances in the multiple fields - rock art studies, acoustics, music archaeology and ethnomusicology - that intersect in it. The article concludes that social media are effective means for archaeologists and archaeological organizations and projects to reach various audiences, and that marketing plans significantly augment this process.
PubMed: 36866323
DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2098653 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2021Migratory wild birds acquire antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria from contaminated habitats and then act as reservoirs and potential spreaders of resistant elements...
Migratory wild birds acquire antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria from contaminated habitats and then act as reservoirs and potential spreaders of resistant elements through migration. However, the role of migratory wild birds as antimicrobial disseminators in the Arabian Peninsula desert, which represents a transit point for birds migrating all over Asia, Africa, and Europe not yet clear. Therefore, the present study objective was to determine antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in samples collected from migratory wild birds around Al-Asfar Lake, located in Al-Ahsa Oasis, Eastern Saudi Arabia, with a particular focus on virulence and resistance genes. Cloacal swabs were collected from 210 migratory wild birds represent four species around Al-Asfar. , , and spp. have been recovered from 90 (42.9%), 37 (17.6%), and 5 (2.4%) birds, respectively. Out of them, 19 (14.4%) were a mixed infection. All samples were subjected to AMR phenotypic characterization, and results revealed (14-41%) and (16-54%) of and spp. isolates were resistant to penicillins, sulfonamides, aminoglycoside, and tetracycline antibiotics. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and spp. were identified in 13 (14.4%) and 7 (18.9%) isolates, respectively. However, none of the isolates were MDR. Of the 90 isolates, only 9 (10%) and 5 (5.6%) isolates showed the presence of and virulence-associated genes, respectively. However, both and genes were identified in four (4.4%) isolates. None of the isolates carried the and virulence-associated genes. The AMR associated genes , , , , , and were identified in 7 (7.8%), 5 (5.6%), 1 (1.1%), 8 (8.9%), 4 (4.4%), and 6 (6.7%) isolates, respectively. While the gene was not detected in any of the spp. isolates. Regarding migratory wild bird species, bacterial recovery, mixed infection, MDR, and AMR index were relatively higher in aquatic-associated species. Overall, the results showed that migratory wild birds around Al-Asfar Lake could act as a reservoir for AMR bacteria enabling them to have a potential role in maintaining, developing, and disseminating AMR bacteria. Furthermore, results highlight the importance of considering migratory wild birds when studying the ecology of AMR.
PubMed: 33807576
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030260 -
BMJ Open Sep 2021Low-income and-middle-income countries (LMICs) are increasing investment in research and development, yet there remains a paucity of neurotrauma research published by...
OBJECTIVES
Low-income and-middle-income countries (LMICs) are increasing investment in research and development, yet there remains a paucity of neurotrauma research published by those in LMICs. The aim of this study was to understand neurosurgeons' experiences of, aspirations for, and ability to conduct and disseminate clinical research in LMICs.
DESIGN
This was a two-stage inductive qualitative study situated within the naturalistic paradigm. This study committed to an interpretivist way of knowing (epistemology), and considered reality subjective and multiple (ontology). Data collection used online methods and included a web-based survey tool for demographic data, an asynchronous online focus group and follow-up semistructured interviews. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke's Reflexive Thematic Analysis supported by NVivo V.12.
SETTING
LMICs.
PARTICIPANTS
In April-July 2020, 26 neurosurgeons from 11 LMICs participated in this study (n=24 in the focus groups, n=20 in follow-up interviews).
RESULTS
The analysis gave rise to five themes: The local landscape; creating capacity; reach and impact; collaborative inquiry; growth and sustainability. Each theme contained an inhibitor and stimulus to neurosurgeons conducting and disseminating clinical research, interpreted as 'the neurosurgical research potential in LMICs'. Mentorship, education, infrastructure, impact and engagement were identified as specific accelerators. Whereas lack of generalisability, absence of dissemination and dissemination without peer review may desensitise the impact of research conducted by neurosurgeons.
CONCLUSION
The geographical, political and population complexities make research endeavour challenging for neurosurgeons in LMICs. Yet in spite of, and because of, these complexities LMICs provide rich opportunities to advance global neurosurgery. More studies are required to evaluate the specific effects of accelerators of research conducted by neurosurgeons and to understand the effects of desensitisers on high-quality, high-impact clinical research.
Topics: Developing Countries; Humans; Income; Neurosurgeons; Neurosurgery; Poverty
PubMed: 34551952
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051806 -
Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013) Mar 2020Eating disorders (EDs) are psychiatric illnesses with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Healthcare providers often receive inadequate training in evidence-based ED...
BACKGROUND
Eating disorders (EDs) are psychiatric illnesses with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Healthcare providers often receive inadequate training in evidence-based ED assessment and treatment.
DESIGN
Project CORE (Creating Opportunities for Rhode Island Eating Disorders Professionals) was developed to disseminate ED training/education and treatment approaches to the healthcare workforce. An interdisciplinary research team partners with pediatric healthcare professionals/trainees and supports them to better understand how to diagnose, manage, and collaborate across disciplines in the care of patients with EDs.
METHODS
Phase I involves a needs assessment of pediatric healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes and needs in treating EDs. Phase II involves the development of training/education approaches, and therapeutic interventions for patients with EDs. In Phase III approaches/interventions are further developed and disseminated across RI.
PRINCIPAL CONCLUSIONS
Project CORE's goals will address barriers to effective ED treatment in RI and broaden the workforce of interdisciplinary providers trained to recognize and treat patients with EDs across multiple healthcare settings.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Attitude of Health Personnel; Curriculum; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Personnel; Humans; Male; Needs Assessment; Patient Care Team; Pediatricians; Rhode Island
PubMed: 32122099
DOI: No ID Found -
PloS One 2018National clinical audits play key roles in improving care and driving system-wide change. However, effects of audit and feedback depend upon both reach (e.g. relevant...
National clinical audits play key roles in improving care and driving system-wide change. However, effects of audit and feedback depend upon both reach (e.g. relevant staff receiving the feedback) and response (e.g. staff regulating their behaviour accordingly). This study aimed to investigate which hospital staff initially receive feedback and formulate a response, how feedback is disseminated within hospitals, and how responses are enacted (including barriers and enablers to enactment). Using a multiple case study approach, we purposively sampled four UK hospitals for variation in infrastructure and resources. We conducted semi-structured interviews with staff from transfusion-related roles and observed Hospital Transfusion Committee meetings. Interviews and analysis were based on the Theoretical Domains Framework of behaviour change. We coded interview transcripts into theoretical domains, then inductively identified themes within each domain to identify barriers and enablers. We also analysed data to identify which staff currently receive feedback and how dissemination is managed within the hospital. Members of the hospital's transfusion team initially received feedback in all cases, and were primarily responsible for disseminating and responding, facilitated through the Hospital Transfusion Committee. At each hospital, key individuals involved in prescribing transfusions reported never having received feedback from a national audit. Whether audits were discussed and actions explicitly agreed in Committee meetings varied between hospitals. Key enablers of action across all cases included clear lines of responsibility and strategies to remind staff about recommendations. Barriers included difficulties disseminating to relevant staff and needing to amend feedback to make it appropriate for local use. Appropriate responses by hospital staff to feedback about blood transfusion practice depend upon supportive infrastructures and role clarity. Hospitals could benefit from support to disseminate feedback systematically, particularly to frontline staff involved in the behaviours being audited, and practical tools to support strategic decision-making (e.g. action-planning around local response to feedback).
Topics: Blood Transfusion; Feedback; Health Personnel; Hospitals; Humans; Information Dissemination; Interviews as Topic; Medical Audit; Models, Theoretical; Organizational Innovation; Quality Improvement; United Kingdom
PubMed: 30383792
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206676 -
Journal of the American Geriatrics... Nov 2022Geriatrics research generally cumulates in academic journal publications, with variable diffusion to patients and communities. PlanYourLifespan.org is a free,...
BACKGROUND
Geriatrics research generally cumulates in academic journal publications, with variable diffusion to patients and communities. PlanYourLifespan.org is a free, evidence-based tool that assists older adults, and their loved ones, to better understand and plan for their long-term support needs. There is a need to effectively disseminate geriatrics research, such as PlanYourLifespan.org, to communities that may directly benefit from this research.
OBJECTIVE
To leverage community-based stakeholder leaders, utilizing a train-the-trainer program, to disseminate PlanYourLifespan.org and evaluate the extent of the dissemination.
METHODS
Using a train-the-trainer strategy, community stakeholder leaders from the original study paired up with newly recruited community stakeholder leaders. New community stakeholder leaders were trained on dissemination, using a "how-to-disseminate" web-based toolkit-developed as part of this project. Newly trained community stakeholder leaders subsequently trained additional community stakeholder leaders who conducted and tracked dissemination activities in their communities. Google Analytics tracked newly created PlanYourLifespan.org accounts, login sessions, and daily website visitors.
RESULTS
Five newly trained community stakeholder leaders disseminated PlanYourLifespan.org over a three-month period. Cumulatively, on the day of the dissemination activity, there were 11,361 PlanYourLifespan.org log-ins (average: 378.7 log-ins/activity day), 89,068 log-ins (average: 2969 log-ins/activity week) one-week after the activity, and 319,154 log-ins (average: 10,638 log-ins/activity month) one month after the dissemination activity. Approximately 9.4 new PlanYourLifespan.org accounts were created one-week post dissemination activity and over 1100 new accounts in the one-month period thereafter.
CONCLUSIONS
Wide dissemination of PlanYourLifespan.org occurred by leveraging a train-the-trainer approach with community stakeholder leaders. Researchers should consider collaborating early on with community stakeholders to meaningfully disseminate results.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Long-Term Care
PubMed: 35860971
DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17957