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Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi. Journal of... Jun 2006A peak considered to be due to disulfoton sulfoxide as a metabolite of disulfoton was detected in the analysis of the chingentsuai extraction solution of vegetables by...
A peak considered to be due to disulfoton sulfoxide as a metabolite of disulfoton was detected in the analysis of the chingentsuai extraction solution of vegetables by GC-FPD. In the analysis by GC/MS for identification, though the retention time and the mass spectrum were the same as those of the standard, the spectrum was different from MS library data. It appeared that decomposition of disulfoton sulfoxide occurred at the inlet. Therefore, we used a programmed temperature vaporization (PTV) inlet in the pulsed splitless mode to achieve a low inlet temperature and high injection pressure. As a result, the expected mass spectrum of disulfoton sulfoxide was obtained. Under this condition, the peak obtained from chingentsuai was identified as disulfoton sulfoxide. Disulfoton sulfoxide was detected from 2 of 25 chingentsuai samples, at concentrations of 0.66 microg/g and 0.14 microg/g.
Topics: Disulfoton; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Insecticides; Safrole; Vegetables
PubMed: 16862987
DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.47.105 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Apr 1991From 1982 to 1989, inclusive, 20 poisonings were investigated by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food following ingestion by domestic livestock of granular...
From 1982 to 1989, inclusive, 20 poisonings were investigated by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food following ingestion by domestic livestock of granular insecticides including terbufos (13 poisonings), disulfoton (two poisonings), fonofos (two poisonings), phorate (two poisonings), and carbofuran (one poisoning); all are used for rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) control in corn. A further three poisonings of livestock occurred following the ingestion of the foliar insecticide, endosulfan (two poisonings), and the seed protectant insecticides diazinon plus lindane (one poisoning). There were six poisoning cases as a result of excessive topical applications of the three insecticides coumpahos, fenthion, and lindane as dusts or sprays to control external parasites. Together, these events caused the deaths of 258 domestic animals of which 200 were cattle, 23 were swine, and 35 were sheep. Not all deaths are reported to the Ministry and the cases reported here may only represent 30-50% of the actual deaths over the period. Based on total populations of livestock, the percent losses were very small but they represent serious losses to individual growers. The economic loss is estimated at $160,000 over the eight years, or $20,000 per annum, and this does not include veterinary costs.Some of the poisoned animals died within as little as three to four hours of ingestion while others were sick but survived for several days. Lethal doses of insecticide were found in the rumen, abomasum, or stomach of dead animals. Signs typical of cholinesterase inhibition caused by organophosphorus poisoning were observed in most cases. Cholinesterase readings were found to be zero in dying animals. Necropsy findings were rarely more than pulmonary edema or myocardial hemorrhage. Where organochlorine insecticides were ingested, convulsions were the major manifestation.Contamination of feed was most often accidental, and chemical analysis was most helpful in identifying both potent and minor sources, thus facilitating cleanup procedures.
PubMed: 17423767
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Toxicological Sciences Feb 1981An approximately 50-fold increase in serum beta-glucuronidase activity appeared 2 hours after the administration of such organophosphate insecticides as dichlorvs,...
An approximately 50-fold increase in serum beta-glucuronidase activity appeared 2 hours after the administration of such organophosphate insecticides as dichlorvs, diazinon and disulfoton and of a carbamate insecticide, carbaryl. The activities of other acid hydrolases in the serum such as ribonuclease, acid phosphatase, hyaluronidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase did not change significantly after the insecticide treatment. The response was related to the dose level and was evident after a single intraperitoneal dose of diazinon as low as 1.6 mg/kg. This appearence of an increase in beta-glucuronidase was retarded by pretreatment with SKF 525A, an inhibitor of drug metabolizing enzyme. When beta-glucuronidase was elevated by a large dose of diazinon, full response to a second dose of diazinon did not occur until approximately one month after administration of the first dose.
Topics: Animals; Carbamates; Female; Glucuronidase; Hydrolases; Insecticides; Male; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats
PubMed: 7265327
DOI: 10.2131/jts.6.27 -
The British Journal of Ophthalmology Nov 1974
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Body Weight; Cell Membrane; Ciliary Body; Cytoplasm; Disulfoton; Dogs; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Golgi Apparatus; Insecticides; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Muscles; Myopia; Organophosphorus Compounds; Refraction, Ocular
PubMed: 4457106
DOI: 10.1136/bjo.58.11.931 -
British Journal of Pharmacology Jul 19731. Daily i.p. administration, for eight days, of the cholinesterase inhibitor disulfoton to rats produced mild to moderate signs of intoxication (tremors, incontinence...
1. Daily i.p. administration, for eight days, of the cholinesterase inhibitor disulfoton to rats produced mild to moderate signs of intoxication (tremors, incontinence and diarrhoea) but no deaths.2. Segments of ileum taken from the treated rats were subsensitive to carbachol but the vas deferens and the uterus did not exhibit any change in sensitivity to carbachol.3. The sensitivity to acetylcholine was increased in the ileum and vas deferens but not in the uterus.4. Acetylcholinesterase activity was 60-70% inhibited in all three tissues.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Carbachol; Cholinesterases; Diarrhea; Disulfoton; Drug Interactions; Female; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Insecticides; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Premedication; Rats; Tremor; Urinary Incontinence; Uterus; Vas Deferens
PubMed: 4764290
DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08350.x -
Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi. Journal of... 2014A multi-residue method for 122 pesticides in agricultural products was validated in accordance with Japanese guidelines for residual agricultural chemicals in food. The...
A multi-residue method for 122 pesticides in agricultural products was validated in accordance with Japanese guidelines for residual agricultural chemicals in food. The sample was extracted with acetonitrile. Co-extractives were removed by GPC-graphitized carbon column SPE, followed by silica gel/PSA cartridge column SPE. The pesticides in the test solution were determined by LC-MS/MS using scheduled MRM in combination with polarity switching. Validation tests were performed on spinach, brown rice, soybean, orange and tomato fortified at 0.01 and 0.1 μg/g. The pesticides at each level were analyzed in two samples per day on five different days. In conclusion, among 122 pesticides tested for each level, 121 pesticides (but not disulfoton) were found to meet all of the guideline criteria.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Crops, Agricultural; Food Analysis; Food Contamination; Pesticide Residues; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PubMed: 25743592
DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.55.290 -
British Journal of Industrial Medicine Jul 1958
Topics: Anthelmintics; Disulfoton; Humans; Organothiophosphorus Compounds
PubMed: 13596533
DOI: 10.1136/oem.15.3.158 -
Scandinavian Journal of Work,... 1985After the occurrence of poisoning episodes among commune members who handled the insecticides parathion and demeton during the first few years of application in the...
After the occurrence of poisoning episodes among commune members who handled the insecticides parathion and demeton during the first few years of application in the early 1960s, a series of surveys was conducted and comprehensive regulatory actions were adopted. The surveys showed that the cause of most of the poisoning cases was percutaneous absorption of toxicant as a consequence of skin contamination during careless operating. As a result of a comprehensive program carried out by large numbers of administrators, health workers, and commune members, the incidence of intoxication quickly declined, starting in 1965, to a negligible level and has remained so to the present, even though parathion and demeton use has increased greatly. It is suggested that the experience obtained might be helpful to other areas in the People's Republic of China and in some developing countries.
Topics: Agricultural Workers' Diseases; China; Disulfoton; Humans; Insecticides; Obidoxime Chloride; Parathion; Pralidoxime Compounds; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; Skin Absorption
PubMed: 3914076
DOI: No ID Found -
California Medicine May 1957Increasingly larger amounts of the highly efficient and highly toxic organic phosphate insecticides, particularly parathion, tetraethyl pyrophosphate, and Systox...
Increasingly larger amounts of the highly efficient and highly toxic organic phosphate insecticides, particularly parathion, tetraethyl pyrophosphate, and Systox (demeton), are being applied on California's farms. These insecticides have become an economic necessity to agriculture. They can be used safely when rigid precautions are utilized and when medical supervision is provided for employees regularly working with these chemicals. The demand for the services of physicians prepared to supply this kind of industrial medical supervision is expected to increase in California. The basic procedures through which effective medical supervision can be provided are outlined.
Topics: Agriculture; California; Disulfoton; Employment; Humans; Insecticides; Organophosphates; Parathion
PubMed: 13426801
DOI: No ID Found