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Medicine Mar 2018Small intestinal diverticulum with bleeding is an important reason for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGB) , in addition to tumor and vascular diseases. Small... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Small intestinal diverticulum with bleeding is an important reason for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGB) , in addition to tumor and vascular diseases. Small intestinal diverticulum with bleeding is difficult to detect by barium meal and angiographic methods and has been regarded as an important cause of obscure gastrointestinal tract bleeding in adolescents. Because of its complicated etiology and non-specific clinical manifestations, it is relatively difficult to detect small intestinal diverticulum with bleeding, especially in patients with a large amount of bleeding and hemodynamic instability.
PATIENT CONCERNS
This retrospective study collects clinical statistics of 19 patients admitted to our hospital from January 2010 to December 2016. Patients who had small intestinal diverticulum patients with bleeding were included in this study. Patients who were taking anticoagulants were excluded DIAGNOSES:: Small intestinal diverticulum patients with bleeding.
INTERVENTIONS
This retrospective study describes the clinical features of patients with small intestinal diverticulum whose main symptom was gastrointestinal bleeding and analyze the literature on this topic, with particular reference to the clinical characteristics, pathological features, and choice of examination methods.
LESSONS
Small intestinal diverticulum with bleeding is a common cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, but it is difficult to detect using normal examination methods. For patients with repeated gastrointestinal bleeding and no positive results found on gastroscopy and colonoscopy, endoscopy of the small intestine and CTE with contrast can be considered as a diagnostic modality.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Diverticulum; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Intestine, Small; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 29489685
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009871 -
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Jan 2020
Topics: Diverticulum; Humans; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 30099863
DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2018.219 -
The Canadian Journal of Urology Oct 2013Ureteral diverticulum is a rare urological condition with only 45 cases described in the literature. These previously reported cases vary in their presentation,... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Ureteral diverticulum is a rare urological condition with only 45 cases described in the literature. These previously reported cases vary in their presentation, diagnosis and management and there is no consensus in the literature on the best diagnostic tool available. We describe our experience on diagnosing and managing this condition in two patients and provide a descriptive review of the current literature on ureteral diverticulum.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A Medline search was performed to identify all reported cases of ureteral diverticulum. Key words used were: ureteral diverticulum; abortive bifid ureter; congenital diverticulum; acquired diverticulum. We also reviewed the records of two patients who presented consecutively to our institution with a ureteral diverticulum. The clinical and radiological characteristics of this entity were then evaluated.
RESULTS
Forty-one manuscripts were identified, encompassing single case reports and case series, the largest of which contained seven patients. Two additional cases were diagnosed in our institution; a true congenital diverticulum and an abortive bifid ureter which is synonymous with a true ureteral diverticulum. Both were uncomplicated cases and were managed conservatively. Retrograde pyelography was used for definitive diagnosis of this lesion.
CONCLUSION
Ureteral diverticulum may present as an incidental finding or with a secondary complication. Conservative management is advocated in the literature for non-complicated cases. Retrograde pyelography is our diagnostic tool of choice.
Topics: Disease Management; Diverticulum; Humans; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ureteral Diseases; Urography; Urologic Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 24128825
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery Oct 2023Pharyngoesophageal diverticula are rare causes of dysphagia. Zenker's diverticulum is the most common type, followed by Killian-Jamieson diverticulum. A 44-year-old male...
Pharyngoesophageal diverticula are rare causes of dysphagia. Zenker's diverticulum is the most common type, followed by Killian-Jamieson diverticulum. A 44-year-old male presented to our clinic with a longstanding history of dysphagia and globus sensation. Bilateral pharyngoesophageal diverticula were confirmed by imaging CT and esophagogastroscopy. He underwent transcervical resection, and a right Killian-Jamieson diverticulum was observed during surgery. The left diverticulum was found to originate above the cricopharyngeus muscle and was labeled as Zenker's diverticulum. Bilateral pharyngoesophageal diverticula are rare, and physicians should be aware of the variable clinical presentations and management options for pharyngoesophageal diverticula.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Zenker Diverticulum; Deglutition Disorders; Diverticulum; Physicians
PubMed: 37357348
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000009434 -
Acta Gastro-enterologica Belgica 2018Jejunal diverticulosis is a rare entity with variable clinical and anatomical presentations. The majority of cases are discovered incidentally during radiological... (Review)
Review
Jejunal diverticulosis is a rare entity with variable clinical and anatomical presentations. The majority of cases are discovered incidentally during radiological investigations. Based on a case of a 77 year old woman with jejunal diverticulitis, the current literature about small bowel diverticulosis is reviewed. A jejunoileal diverticulum is usually uncomplicated and can be treated conservatively. Serious complications that require surgery can occur. Abdominal CT is the preferred diagnostic tool.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Aged; Diverticulitis; Diverticulum; Female; Humans; Ileal Diseases; Intestine, Small; Jejunal Diseases; Vomiting
PubMed: 30645921
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... Dec 2023A 72-year-old woman was referred from primary care to the gastroenterology clinic because of heartburn and occasional dysphagia for the last 8 years, with some isolated...
A 72-year-old woman was referred from primary care to the gastroenterology clinic because of heartburn and occasional dysphagia for the last 8 years, with some isolated food regurgitation events and no other warning signs; she is currently asymptomatic on omeprazole. Gastroscopy revealed a dilated esophagus and food remnants with inability to reach the gastric lumen, which led to the suspicion of achalasia. The study was completed with pH-metry, which found no pathological reflux; esophageal manometry, with absence of esophageal motor abnormalities; and barium swallow, which revealed a large diverticulum on the posterior wall of the lower third of the esophagus, which had food remnants but no other changes or evidence of achalasia. Given these findings, a repeat gastroscopy was carried out that revealed a large diverticulum in the distal third of the esophagus that occluded 50 % of the esophageal lumen, with a length of 4-5 cm and abundant semi-liquid food remnants; upon aspiration of the latter a whitish mucosa with erythematous areas was revealed, as well as a 1.5-cm sliding hiatal hernia. No changes were found on advancing to the second duodenal portion. In view of the above findings and symptoms, the patient was referred to the surgery department to be evaluated for diverticulectomy.
Topics: Female; Humans; Aged; Esophageal Achalasia; Diverticulum, Esophageal; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Manometry; Diverticulum
PubMed: 36896915
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2023.9518/2023 -
BioMed Research International 2020It is currently unknown whether an association exists between polypropylene mesh and urethral diverticulum formation following placement of polypropylene midurethral... (Review)
Review
AIMS
It is currently unknown whether an association exists between polypropylene mesh and urethral diverticulum formation following placement of polypropylene midurethral slings (MUS) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). We aimed to examine the literature associating MUS with the occurrence of urethral diverticula.
METHODS
Multiple online research databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, and the Cochrane Library, were searched, from January 2019 to February 2019, for evidence related to the occurrence of urethral diverticula following polypropylene MUS procedures.
RESULTS
Four case reports were published demonstrating the occurrence of urethral diverticula following the use of polypropylene mesh for surgical treatment of SUI. Subjects of these cases were menopausal and had an elevated body mass index (BMI), recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), autoimmune conditions, or prior pelvic floor surgeries. A thorough urologic workup, including imaging prior to sling placement, was not always performed.
CONCLUSION
No clear association exists between polypropylene MUS placement and subsequent urethral diverticulum formation. Factors that diminish polypropylene mesh biocompatibility include elevated BMI, menopause, recurrent UTIs, prior pelvic surgeries, and preexisting medical conditions. Symptoms associated with urethral diverticula should prompt a complete urologic workup prior to MUS placement.
Topics: Adult; Diverticulum; Humans; Middle Aged; Polypropylenes; Suburethral Slings; Surgical Mesh; Urethral Diseases; Urinary Incontinence, Stress
PubMed: 32462011
DOI: 10.1155/2020/6761581 -
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2021Sigmoid sinus diverticulum has been considered the most common cause of pulsatile tinnitus; the mechanism underlying sigmoid sinus diverticulum formation is unclear. To...
INTRODUCTION
Sigmoid sinus diverticulum has been considered the most common cause of pulsatile tinnitus; the mechanism underlying sigmoid sinus diverticulum formation is unclear. To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have assessed whether the formation of sigmoid sinus diverticulum is related to compression of the internal jugular vein by the styloid process.
OBJECTIVE
To discuss the relationship between the styloid process and the formation of sigmoid sinus diverticulum.
METHODS
The medical records of nine patients diagnosed with venous pulsatile tinnitus caused by sigmoid sinus diverticulum were reviewed between April 2009 and May 2019. All patients underwent high-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bones, computed tomography venogram of the head and neck, magnetic resonance venography, and brain magnetic resonance imaging. The length and medial angulation of the styloid process were measured, and compression of the internal jugular vein was recorded.
RESULTS
The study population consisted of nine female right-sided pulsatile tinnitus patients with a mean age of 53.8±4.6 years. The mean lengths of the styloid process were 3.9±0.6cm on the right side and 4.1±0.7cm on the left side. The mean medial angulation of the styloid process was significantly smaller on the right side than the left side (65.3°±1.2° vs. 67.8°±1.7°, p<0.05). In addition, computed tomography venogram of the head and neck demonstrated the left internal jugular vein was compressed by the styloid process in eight of the nine patients.
CONCLUSION
The formation of sigmoid sinus diverticulum with venous pulsatile tinnitus may be related to compression of the contralateral internal jugular vein by the styloid process. However, accumulation of data in additional cases is required to verify this suggestion.
Topics: Cranial Sinuses; Diverticulum; Female; Humans; Jugular Veins; Middle Aged; Tinnitus; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32044273
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2019.12.006 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal May 2012
Topics: Deglutition Disorders; Diverticulum, Esophageal; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Pharyngeal Muscles
PubMed: 22614553
DOI: 10.1177/014556131209100507 -
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2018Case reports demonstrate that coiling of a sigmoid sinus diverticulum can treat pulsatile tinnitus. We hypothesized that MR imaging 4D flow and computational fluid...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Case reports demonstrate that coiling of a sigmoid sinus diverticulum can treat pulsatile tinnitus. We hypothesized that MR imaging 4D flow and computational fluid dynamics would reveal distinct blood flow patterns in the venous outflow tract in these patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with pulsatile tinnitus of suspected venous etiology underwent MR imaging at 3T, using venous phase contrast-enhanced MR angiography, 4D flow, and 2D phase contrast. The contrast-enhanced MRA contours were evaluated to determine the presence and extent of a sigmoid sinus diverticulum. Computational fluid dynamics analysis was performed using the 4D flow inlet flow and the luminal contours from contrast-enhanced MRA as boundary conditions. In addition, computational fluid dynamics was performed for the expected post treatment conditions by smoothing the venous geometry to exclude the sigmoid sinus diverticulum from the anatomic boundary conditions. Streamlines were generated from the 4D flow and computational fluid dynamics velocity maps, and flow patterns were examined for the presence of rotational components.
RESULTS
Twenty-five patients with pulsatile tinnitus of suspected venous etiology and 10 control subjects were enrolled. Five (20%) of the symptomatic subjects had sigmoid sinus diverticula, all associated with an upstream stenosis. In each of these patients, but none of the controls, a stenosis-related flow jet was directed toward the opening of the sigmoid sinus diverticulum with rotational flow patterns in the sigmoid sinus diverticulum and parent sigmoid sinus on both 4D flow and computational fluid dynamics.
CONCLUSIONS
Consistent patterns of blood flow can be visualized in a sigmoid sinus diverticulum and the parent sinus using 4D flow and computational fluid dynamics. Strong components of rotational blood flow were seen in subjects with sigmoid sinus diverticula that were absent in controls.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cranial Sinuses; Diverticulum; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hydrodynamics; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Tinnitus
PubMed: 30309843
DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A5833