-
Hawai'i Journal of Medicine & Public... Sep 2015Toothpicks are commonly used household items that rarely cause serious injury or infection. Toothpick-related injuries often occur due to ingestion with subsequent...
Toothpicks are commonly used household items that rarely cause serious injury or infection. Toothpick-related injuries often occur due to ingestion with subsequent trauma/infection at distal sites within the gastrointestinal tract; however, cardiovascular, pleural, and soft tissue infections have been reported. Eikenella corrodens is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacillus found in oral flora associated with bite wound infections. A few case reports describe E. corrodens osteomyelitis from toothpick puncture wounds. We report a case of foot cellulitis and abscess in an elderly diabetic after toothpick puncture injury that was unresponsive to empiric antibiotics. Wound cultures grew E. corrodens and rare Peptostreptococcus species. E. corrodens is resistant to first-generation cephalosporins, macrolides, aminoglycosides, clindamycin, and metronidazole. This case highlights the insidious nature of E. corrodens infections and the need to tailor empiric antibiotics for skin and soft tissue infections based on the mechanism of injury. In addition, this case stresses the importance of protective footwear in diabetics and serves as a cautionary tale regarding the use of seemingly innocuous toothpicks.
Topics: Abscess; Aged; Cellulitis; Eikenella corrodens; Female; Foot Diseases; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Mouth; Wounds, Penetrating
PubMed: 26793413
DOI: No ID Found -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2023is a part of the inherent flora on the surface of human mucosa. It usually does not cause disease unless the patient has been bitten, injured or surgically infected....
BACKGROUND
is a part of the inherent flora on the surface of human mucosa. It usually does not cause disease unless the patient has been bitten, injured or surgically infected. Lumbar spine infection caused by usually presents with conventional symptoms such as low back pain and fever. Herein, we report a case of lumbar intervertebral space infection with presented as abdominal pain.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 38-year-old man with no medical history of note presented with abdominal pain. Initially, local doctors suspected that the patient had abdominal disease. However, abdominal diseases were ruled out and only lumbar spine infection was confirmed. Then, the patient was misdiagnosed as lumbar tuberculosis. Finally, anaerobic culture and metagenomic next-generation sequencing confirmed the , which was rarely involved in lumbar intervertebral space infection. The patient recovered after operation and antibiotic therapy.
CONCLUSION
This case indicated a rare symptom of lumbar spine infection, abdominal cramping, which is caused by . Blood culture had low sensitivity as a diagnostic method for , but lesion sample culture or metagenomic next-generation sequencing had high sensitivity for early diagnosis.
PubMed: 36937145
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S400451 -
IDCases 2020A 35-year-old male presented with headaches and fevers. MRI of his head showed skull-based infection of the clivus extended to the right internal carotid artery. Blood...
A 35-year-old male presented with headaches and fevers. MRI of his head showed skull-based infection of the clivus extended to the right internal carotid artery. Blood and sinus cultures were positive for and . He had intravenous antibiotics and sinus washout. The patient had full neurological recovery following this.
PubMed: 32154111
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00740 -
Evidence-based Complementary and... 2021Clinical strains of and and two reference strains of were tested. The antibacterial activity of each studied plant extract was evaluated using agar diffusion and...
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Clinical strains of and and two reference strains of were tested. The antibacterial activity of each studied plant extract was evaluated using agar diffusion and broth microdilution assays.
RESULTS
Both aqueous and methanolic extracts of exhibited high antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogens as compared to extracts. At concentrations of 2.5-0.32 mg/disc, inhibition zones of the methanolic extract of ranged from 19.66 ± 0.57 to 12.33 ± 0.57 mm. The methanolic extract of showed at concentrations of 5-0.63 mg/disc inhibition zones ranging from 15.66 ± 0.57 to 12 ± 0.00 mm. Its aqueous extract at concentration of 0.63 mg/disc showed no antimicrobial activity against the clinical and reference strain of . This study showed that methanolic and aqueous extracts of and have in vitro an antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogens. They could be use as ingredients of an oral antimicrobial agent for prevention or treatment of periodontal diseases. Further research on isolating the compounds from these plant extracts and their toxicity effect could be conducted.
PubMed: 34712349
DOI: 10.1155/2021/8351332 -
Biomedicines Feb 2023Changes in the proteome of oral cells during periodontitis have rarely been investigated. This lack of information is partially attributed to the lack of human cell...
BACKGROUND
Changes in the proteome of oral cells during periodontitis have rarely been investigated. This lack of information is partially attributed to the lack of human cell lines derived from the oral cavity for in vitro research. The objective of the present study was to create cell lines from relevant oral tissues and compare protein expression in cells cultured alone and in cells co-cultivated with periodontitis-associated bacterial strains.
METHODS
We established human cell lines of gingival keratinocytes, osteoblastic lineage cells from the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and cementum cells. Using state-of-the-art label-free mass spectrometry, we investigated changes in the proteomes of these cells after co-cultivation with and for 48 h.
RESULTS
Gingival keratinocytes, representing ectodermal cells, exhibited decreased expression of specific keratins, basement membrane components, and cell-cell contact proteins after cultivation with the bacterial strains. Mesodermal lineage cells generally exhibited similar proteomes after co-cultivation with bacteria; in particular, collagens and integrins were expressed at higher levels.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of the present study will help us elucidate the cellular mechanisms of periodontitis. Although co-cultivation with two periodontitis-associated bacterial strains significantly altered the proteomes of oral cells, future research is needed to examine the effects of complex biofilms mimicking in vivo conditions.
PubMed: 36979679
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030700 -
IDCases 2021An 80-year-old patient was admitted for fever, chills, and chest wall pain. He had a past medical history significant for heart failure with a cardiac resynchronization...
An 80-year-old patient was admitted for fever, chills, and chest wall pain. He had a past medical history significant for heart failure with a cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker implantation. Extensive workup revealed endocarditis of the pacemaker leads and the mitral valve, a rare etiology with an unidentified source in our patient. He was managed with a rather unconventional method which proved to be successful. This case sheds light on non-HACEK (other than spp., , , , or spp). gram-negative organisms, and particularly , as uncommon causes of endocarditis with elevated mortality, and discusses potential treatment modalities.
PubMed: 34040983
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2021.e01149 -
BMJ Case Reports Jul 2020A 76-year-old woman with a rare case of spinal epidural abscess (SEA) that had no risk factors for such type of infection, presented symptoms of back pain, progressive...
A 76-year-old woman with a rare case of spinal epidural abscess (SEA) that had no risk factors for such type of infection, presented symptoms of back pain, progressive neurological deficit of the lower limb and loss of sphincter control. A gadolinium-enhanced MRI confirmed the diagnosis of an SEA. The patient underwent laminectomy with surgical drainage, where cultures showed the presence of , a bacterium of the HACEK group ( species, species, , , and species), rarely involved in SEA. Following surgery, the patient was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone for 6 weeks, and this gave excellent results.
Topics: Aged; Aggregatibacter aphrophilus; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Epidural Abscess; Female; Humans; Laminectomy; Pasteurellaceae Infections; Postoperative Complications; Spine
PubMed: 32675123
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-235320 -
BMC Infectious Diseases May 2020Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus, which are primary colonization bacteria of the normal flora of the oropharynx, are infrequent bacteria, especially the...
BACKGROUND
Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus, which are primary colonization bacteria of the normal flora of the oropharynx, are infrequent bacteria, especially the former. Here, we report a case of lung abscess with a coinfection of Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus in a lung cancer patient.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 66-year-old Chinese man with lung cancer was admitted to the hospital, complaining of a cough and expectoration for five months and fever for two months. After a series of inspections to differentiate a cancer-related fever from an infectious fever, he was diagnosed with lung abscess. Draining pus culture demonstrated Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus. After more than 1 month of antibiotic therapy and draining in total, he gradually recovered to fight against lung cancer.
CONCLUSION
This report highlights the increased pathogenicity of Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus in an immunocompromised cancer patient, especially after a few invasive operations. Additionally, even though a patient has been diagnosed with cancerous fever, strong vigilance is needed in case an infection arises.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Coinfection; Drainage; Eikenella corrodens; Fever; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Lung Abscess; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus anginosus; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32423417
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05054-y -
Infection and Immunity Jan 1984The chemical composition of the outer membrane fractions (OMFs) of Eikenella corrodens strains 23834 and 470 as well as the strain 23834 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was...
The chemical composition of the outer membrane fractions (OMFs) of Eikenella corrodens strains 23834 and 470 as well as the strain 23834 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was determined. The OMFs were obtained by Triton X-100 treatment of the heavier membrane fraction from sucrose density centrifugation of the total membrane fraction. The resulting OMFs of strains 23834 and 470, free of cytoplasmic membrane components, were found to contain 69.6 and 75.0% (wt/wt) protein, 4.8 and 9.2% lipid, 4.6 and 4.7% carbohydrate, and 2.0 and 4.6% muramic acid, respectively. By sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis both OMFs contained one major peptide determined to be 33,500 daltons for the strain 23834 OMF, and 37,500 daltons for the strain 470 OMF. Analysis of the OMF fatty acids revealed hexadecanoic, hexadecenoic, octadecenoic, and lesser amounts of octadecanoic acids. Transmission electron microscopic examination of the OMFs revealed typical large sheets of membrane. Structures (10 nm in diameter) resembling pores were also evident. The E. corrodens LPS was found to be composed of 34.5% (wt/wt) carbohydrate and 25.0% lipid A. Only minute amounts of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate and heptose could be detected. Fatty acid analysis revealed primarily octadecanoic and hexadecanoic acids, with lesser amounts of octadecenoic acid. No hydroxy fatty acids were detected. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis showed the E. corrodens LPS to resemble other smooth-type LPSs. Transmission electron microscopic examination revealed a vesicle-like morphology. The E. corrodens LPS appears not to be a "classical," i.e., enteric, type of LPS.
Topics: Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Bacterial Proteins; Bacteroides; Carbohydrates; Cell Fractionation; Cell Membrane; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Eikenella corrodens; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Lipopolysaccharides; Membrane Lipids; Membrane Proteins; Microscopy, Electron; Molecular Weight; Phospholipids
PubMed: 6360892
DOI: 10.1128/iai.43.1.166-177.1984 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Feb 2008The purpose of this study was to purify and characterize a bacteriocin produced by Eikenella corrodens A32E2.
AIMS
The purpose of this study was to purify and characterize a bacteriocin produced by Eikenella corrodens A32E2.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius ATCC27337 was used as indicator strain in antagonistic assays for bacteriocin-producing E. corrodens A32E2. Protein extraction was influenced by pH and buffer composition. The protein was active in the pH range 6-8. Inhibitory activity was lost by both heating and treatment with proteolytic enzymes and decreased with organic solvents. The substance is rather unstable but maintains 100% of its activity after being exposed to acetone and when stored at -70 degrees C. The antagonistic substance was first precipitated by ammonium sulfate and further partially purified by Mono-Q FPLC and C-18 HPLC. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that the molecular mass was 23 625 Da, and the sequence obtained for the N-terminus was: Met-Asn-Phe-Asp-Glu-Lys-Val-Gly-Lys-Val-X-Phe-Lys-Val-Gly-Asp.
CONCLUSIONS
The evidence presented in this study supports the idea that an antagonistic substance produced by E. corrodens A32E2 isolated from a periodontal diseased site is a novel bacteriocin, which we designate corrodecin.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
We anticipated that corrodecin might play an important role at the periodontal site. This compound could also be attractive in biotechnological applications as an interesting tool for oral ecosystem control.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Antibiosis; Bacteriocins; Buffers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Eikenella corrodens; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptide Hydrolases; Peptostreptococcus; Periodontitis; Sequence Analysis, Protein; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Solvents
PubMed: 17922820
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03565.x