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Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Dec 2022Wearables and bioelectronics rely on breathable interface devices with bioaffinity, biocompatibility, and smart functionality for interactions between beings and things... (Review)
Review
Wearables and bioelectronics rely on breathable interface devices with bioaffinity, biocompatibility, and smart functionality for interactions between beings and things and the surrounding environment. Elastic fibers/fabrics with mechanical adaptivity to various deformations and complex substrates, are promising to act as fillers, carriers, substrates, dressings, and scaffolds in the construction of biointerfaces for the human body, skins, organs, and plants, realizing functions such as energy exchange, sensing, perception, augmented virtuality, health monitoring, disease diagnosis, and intervention therapy. This review summarizes and highlights the latest breakthroughs of elastic fibers/fabrics for wearables and bioelectronics, aiming to offer insights into elasticity mechanisms, production methods, and electrical components integration strategies with fibers/fabrics, presenting a profile of elastic fibers/fabrics for energy management, sensors, e-skins, thermal management, personal protection, wound healing, biosensing, and drug delivery. The trans-disciplinary application of elastic fibers/fabrics from wearables to biomedicine provides important inspiration for technology transplantation and function integration to adapt different application systems. As a discussion platform, here the main challenges and possible solutions in the field are proposed, hopefully can provide guidance for promoting the development of elastic e-textiles in consideration of the trade-off between mechanical/electrical performance, industrial-scale production, diverse environmental adaptivity, and multiscenario on-spot applications.
Topics: Humans; Elastic Tissue; Textiles; Wound Healing; Elasticity; Wearable Electronic Devices
PubMed: 36253094
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203808 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Jul 1968Three cases of elastofibroma are described and the literature is reviewed. It is suggested that they are non-neoplastic lesions resulting from trauma. Their staining...
Three cases of elastofibroma are described and the literature is reviewed. It is suggested that they are non-neoplastic lesions resulting from trauma. Their staining reactions and the response of the elastic type fibres to enzyme digestion suggest that these fibres are either true elastin or very closely related to it.
Topics: Aged; Back; Elastic Tissue; Elastin; Fibroma; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Scapula
PubMed: 5697346
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.21.4.470 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022Despite extensive efforts over the past 40 years, there is still a significant gap in knowledge of the characteristics of elastic fibers in the intervertebral disc... (Review)
Review
Despite extensive efforts over the past 40 years, there is still a significant gap in knowledge of the characteristics of elastic fibers in the intervertebral disc (IVD). More studies are required to clarify the potential contribution of elastic fibers to the IVD (healthy and diseased) function and recommend critical areas for future investigations. On the other hand, current IVD in-vitro models are not true reflections of the complex biological IVD tissue and the role of elastic fibers has often been ignored in developing relevant tissue-engineered scaffolds and realistic computational models. This has affected the progress of IVD studies (tissue engineering solutions, biomechanics, fundamental biology) and translation into clinical practice. Motivated by the current gap, the current review paper presents a comprehensive study (from the early 1980s to 2022) that explores the current understanding of structural (multi-scale hierarchy), biological (development and aging, elastin content, and cell-fiber interaction), and biomechanical properties of the IVD elastic fibers, and provides new insights into future investigations in this domain.
Topics: Elastic Tissue; Humans; Intervertebral Disc; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 36012198
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168931 -
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering Feb 2018Development of a closed circulatory system requires that large arteries adapt to the mechanical demands of high, pulsatile pressure. Elastin and collagen uniquely... (Review)
Review
Development of a closed circulatory system requires that large arteries adapt to the mechanical demands of high, pulsatile pressure. Elastin and collagen uniquely address these design criteria in the low and high stress regimes, resulting in a nonlinear mechanical response. Elastin is the core component of elastic fibers, which provide the artery wall with energy storage and recoil. The integrity of the elastic fiber network is affected by component insufficiency or disorganization, leading to an array of vascular pathologies and compromised mechanical behavior. In this review, we discuss how elastic fibers are formed and how they adapt in development and disease. We discuss elastic fiber contributions to arterial mechanical behavior and remodeling. We primarily present data from mouse models with elastic fiber deficiencies, but suggest that alternate small animal models may have unique experimental advantages and the potential to provide new insights. Advanced ultrastructural and biomechanical data are constantly being used to update computational models of arterial mechanics. We discuss the progression from early phenomenological models to microstructurally motivated strain energy functions for both collagen and elastic fiber networks. Although many current models individually account for arterial adaptation, complex geometries, and fluid-solid interactions (FSIs), future models will need to include an even greater number of factors and interactions in the complex system. Among these factors, we identify the need to revisit the role of time dependence and axial growth and remodeling in large artery mechanics, especially in cardiovascular diseases that affect the mechanical integrity of the elastic fibers.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Arteries; Biomechanical Phenomena; Disease Models, Animal; Elastic Tissue; Mechanical Phenomena
PubMed: 29222533
DOI: 10.1115/1.4038704 -
Matrix Biology : Journal of the... Sep 2020The architectural complexity of the lung is crucial to its ability to function as an organ of gas exchange; the branching tree structure of the airways transforms the... (Review)
Review
The architectural complexity of the lung is crucial to its ability to function as an organ of gas exchange; the branching tree structure of the airways transforms the tracheal cross-section of only a few square centimeters to a blood-gas barrier with a surface area of tens of square meters and a thickness on the order of a micron or less. Connective tissue comprised largely of collagen and elastic fibers provides structural integrity for this intricate and delicate system. Homeostatic maintenance of this connective tissue, via a balance between catabolic and anabolic enzyme-driven processes, is crucial to life. Accordingly, when homeostasis is disrupted by the excessive production of connective tissue, lung function deteriorates rapidly with grave consequences leading to chronic lung conditions such as pulmonary fibrosis. Understanding how pulmonary fibrosis develops and alters the link between lung structure and function is crucial for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Further information gained could help elaborate how the healing process breaks down leading to chronic disease. Our understanding of fibrotic disease is greatly aided by the intersection of wet lab studies and mathematical and computational modeling. In the present review we will discuss how multi-scale modeling has facilitated our understanding of pulmonary fibrotic disease as well as identified opportunities that remain open and have produced techniques that can be incorporated into this field by borrowing approaches from multi-scale models of fibrosis beyond the lung.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Computer Simulation; Connective Tissue; Cytokines; Elastic Tissue; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression Regulation; Homeostasis; Humans; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Inflammation; Lung; Models, Biological; Signal Transduction; Transforming Growth Factor beta1
PubMed: 32438056
DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.04.003 -
Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands) Dec 2009The ability of elastic tissues to deform under physiological forces and to subsequently release stored energy to drive passive recoil is vital to the function of many... (Review)
Review
The ability of elastic tissues to deform under physiological forces and to subsequently release stored energy to drive passive recoil is vital to the function of many dynamic tissues. Within vertebrates, elastic fibres allow arteries and lungs to expand and contract, thus controlling variations in blood pressure and returning the pulmonary system to a resting state. Elastic fibres are composite structures composed of a cross-linked elastin core and an outer layer of fibrillin microfibrils. These two components perform distinct roles; elastin stores energy and drives passive recoil, whilst fibrillin microfibrils direct elastogenesis, mediate cell signalling, maintain tissue homeostasis via TGFβ sequestration and potentially act to reinforce the elastic fibre. In many tissues reduced elasticity, as a result of compromised elastic fibre function, becomes increasingly prevalent with age and contributes significantly to the burden of human morbidity and mortality. This review considers how the unique molecular structure, tissue distribution and longevity of elastic fibres pre-disposes these abundant extracellular matrix structures to the accumulation of damage in ageing dermal, pulmonary and vascular tissues. As compromised elasticity is a common feature of ageing dynamic tissues, the development of strategies to prevent, limit or reverse this loss of function will play a key role in reducing age-related morbidity and mortality.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Elastic Tissue; Elasticity; Elastin; Extracellular Matrix; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Humans; Microfibrils
PubMed: 19588272
DOI: 10.1007/s11357-009-9103-6 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Research :... Nov 2020Elastic fibers are an essential component of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues. The focus of both clinical management and scientific investigation of... (Review)
Review
Elastic fibers are an essential component of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues. The focus of both clinical management and scientific investigation of elastic fiber disorders has centered on the cardiovascular manifestations due to their significant impact on morbidity and mortality. As such, the current understanding of the orthopedic conditions experienced by these patients is limited. The musculoskeletal implications of more subtle elastic fiber abnormalities, whether due to allelic variants or age-related tissue degeneration, are also not well understood. Recent advances have begun to uncover the effects of elastic fiber deficiency on tendon and ligament biomechanics; future research must further elucidate mechanisms governing the role of elastic fibers in these tissues. The identification of population-based genetic variations in elastic fibers will also be essential. Minoxidil administration, modulation of protein expression with micro-RNA molecules, and direct injection of recombinant elastic fiber precursors have demonstrated promise for therapeutic intervention, but further work is required prior to consideration for orthopedic clinical application. This review provides an overview of the role of elastic fibers in musculoskeletal tissue, summarizes current knowledge of the orthopedic manifestations of elastic fiber abnormalities, and identifies opportunities for future investigation and clinical application.
Topics: Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Connective Tissue Diseases; Elastic Tissue; Humans; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Orthopedics
PubMed: 32293749
DOI: 10.1002/jor.24695 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2022As essential components of our connective tissues, elastic fibres give tissues such as major blood vessels, skin and the lungs their elasticity. Their formation is... (Review)
Review
As essential components of our connective tissues, elastic fibres give tissues such as major blood vessels, skin and the lungs their elasticity. Their formation is complex and co-ordinately regulated by multiple factors. In this review, we describe key players in elastogenesis: fibrillin-1, tropoelastin, latent TGFβ binding protein-4, and fibulin-4 and -5. We summarise their roles in elastogenesis, discuss the effect of their mutations on relevant diseases, and describe their interactions involved in forming the elastic fibre network. Moreover, we look into their roles in wound repair for a better understanding of their potential application in tissue regeneration.
Topics: Connective Tissue; Elastic Tissue; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins; Tropoelastin; Wound Healing
PubMed: 35456902
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084087 -
Dermatology Online Journal Sep 2008Acrokeratoelastoidosis (AKE) is a rare skin disorder characterized by a papular eruption and fragmentation of elastic tissue that primarily involves the margins of the...
Acrokeratoelastoidosis (AKE) is a rare skin disorder characterized by a papular eruption and fragmentation of elastic tissue that primarily involves the margins of the hands and feet. The most common histopathologic findings of AKE are hyperkeratosis and degeneration of elastic fibers. Various treatment options have been tried with little help or without success. We report the third case of acrokeratoelastoidosis in an Arabic woman localized exclusively to the feet.
Topics: Adult; Cytoplasmic Granules; Elastic Tissue; Female; Fibroblasts; Foot Dermatoses; Genes, Dominant; Humans; Keratosis
PubMed: 19061593
DOI: No ID Found -
Dermatology Online Journal Oct 2011There are numerous acquired disorders of elastic tissue that are distinguished by a combination of clinical appearance, location, gender, age of onset, and... (Review)
Review
There are numerous acquired disorders of elastic tissue that are distinguished by a combination of clinical appearance, location, gender, age of onset, and characteristic histopathologic findings. We present a case of a 36-year-old man with multiple confluent, hypopigmented papules that coalesced into plaques with prominent follicular ostia over the dorsal aspects of the forearms, shoulders, upper chest, and upper back. Histologically there was selective loss of papillary dermal elastic fibers. The clinical and histopathologic findings in this case are consistent with an acquired disorder of elastic tissue which we believe represents the second reported case of papillary dermal elastosis.
Topics: Adult; Anetoderma; Collagen; Dermis; Diagnosis, Differential; Elastic Tissue; Humans; Male; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 22031638
DOI: No ID Found