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New Microbes and New Infections Sep 2016Escherichia vulneris is an opportunistic human pathogen. It has been primarily reported in adult patients and invasive infections have been observed in immune-suppressed...
Escherichia vulneris is an opportunistic human pathogen. It has been primarily reported in adult patients and invasive infections have been observed in immune-suppressed individuals. This is the first report of E. vulneris causing complicated diarrhoea and sepsis in an infant. Two month old sick infant, born full-term, was admitted to the paediatrics department with loose motions and refusal to feed for four days. E. vulneris was isolated from blood in pure culture. The isolate was characterized for diarrhoeal virulence markers: heat labile and heat stable toxins (LT, ST) and hemolysin (hlyA) by PCR. The presence of LT enterotoxin and hemolysin provides strong evidence of the diarrhoeagenic potential of E. vulneris, further leading to the invasive infection triggering sepsis. As E. vulneris can lead to serious complications, an attempt should be made in clinical laboratories to identify and further characterize this new Escherichia species.
PubMed: 27536376
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2016.07.002 -
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... 2014Emergence and distribution of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in environments pose a risk to human and animal health. A total of 82 isolates of Escherichia spp. were...
Emergence and distribution of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in environments pose a risk to human and animal health. A total of 82 isolates of Escherichia spp. were recovered from cloacal swabs of migrating and non-migrating wild birds. All bacterial isolates were identified and characterized morphologically and biochemically. 72% and 50% of isolates recovered from non-migrating and migrating birds, respectively, showed positive congo red dye binding (a virulence factor). Also, hemolysin production (a virulence factor) was showed in 8% of isolates recovered from non-migrating birds and 75% of isolates recovered from migrating birds. All isolates recovered from non-migrating birds were found resistant to Oxacillin while all isolates recovered from migrating birds demonstrated resistance to Oxacillin, Chloramphenicol, Oxytetracycline and Lincomycin. Some bacterial isolates recovered from non-migrating birds and migrating birds exhibited MDR phenotype. The MDR isolates were further characterized by API 20E and 16S rRNA as E. coli and E. vulneris. MDR Escherichia isolates contain ~1-5 plasmids of high-molecular weights. Accordingly, wild birds could create a potential threat to human and animal health by transmitting MDR bacteria to water streams and other environmental sources through their faecal residues, and to remote regions by migration.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Birds; Carrier State; Cloaca; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Escherichia; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 25763023
DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822014000400010 -
BMJ Case Reports Mar 2022
Topics: Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia; Humans; Lymphadenopathy
PubMed: 35236708
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-248736 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 1985In this report we present clinical descriptions of 12 Hawaiian patients from whom Escherichia vulneris or E. hermannii strains were isolated. All but two patients had...
In this report we present clinical descriptions of 12 Hawaiian patients from whom Escherichia vulneris or E. hermannii strains were isolated. All but two patients had soft-tissue infections with multiple bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus. The other two had purulent conjunctivitis associated with S. aureus and infected malignant peritonitis with multiple organisms, respectively. In none of the cases were the Escherichia spp. found in abundant quantities or considered pathogenic. In preliminary animal pathogenicity studies, 12 strains each of E. vulneris and E. hermannii failed to cause serious symptoms in 4-week-old mice when 10(7) cells were injected intraperitoneally. When 10(6) cells were used, none of these bacterial strains injected into mouse soft tissue was capable of producing persistent wound infections. Susceptibility studies of 40 strains of these bacteria to 20 different antimicrobial agents showed that they were susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins as well as to most other cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim; these strains were only marginally susceptible or resistant to penicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and nitrofurantoin.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Escherichia; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Hawaii; Humans; Infant; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Species Specificity; Wound Infection
PubMed: 3897270
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.22.2.283-285.1985 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Case... Apr 2016To report a case of polymicrobial keratitis caused by and coagulase-negative in a patient who cleaned their extended wear contact lenses with only tap water for 2...
PURPOSE
To report a case of polymicrobial keratitis caused by and coagulase-negative in a patient who cleaned their extended wear contact lenses with only tap water for 2 weeks.
METHODS
Case report.
RESULTS
An adult presented with a painful red eye after wearing the same contact lenses for two weeks. The patient admitted to taking the contacts out in the evening and cleaning them with tap water before reapplying them in the morning. Exam revealed a 2.5 mm paracentral corneal ulcer in the left eye. Culture results from corneal scrapings were positive for and coagulase-negative .
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first report of and in association with contact lens wear. Both strains of and were pansensitive to all tested antibiotics.
PubMed: 27158679
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2016.01.004 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jun 1982The name Escherichia vulneris sp. nov. (formerly called Alma group 1 and Enteric group 1 by the Centers for Disease Control and API group 2 by Analytab Products, Inc.)...
The name Escherichia vulneris sp. nov. (formerly called Alma group 1 and Enteric group 1 by the Centers for Disease Control and API group 2 by Analytab Products, Inc.) is proposed for a group of isolates from the United States and Canada, 74% of which were from human wounds. E. vulneris is a gram-negative, oxidase-negative, fermentative, motile rod with the characteristics of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Biochemical reactions characteristic of 61 E. vulneris strains were positive tests for methyl red, malonate, and lysine decarboxylase; a delayed positive test for arginine dihydrolase; acid production from d-mannitol, l-arabinose, raffinose, l-rhamnose, d-xylose, trehalose, cellobiose, and melibiose; negative tests for Voges-Proskauer, indole, urea, H(2)S, citrate, ornithine decarboxylase, phenylalanine deaminase, and DNase; and no acid from dulcitol, adonitol, myo-inositol, and d-sorbitol. Two-thirds of the strains produced yellow pigment. Most strains gave negative or delayed positive reactions in tests for lactose, sucrose, and KCN. The E. vulneris strains tested were resistant to penicillin and clindamycin, were resistant or showed intermediate zones of inhibition to carbenicillin and erythromycin, and were susceptible to 14 other antibiotics. DNA relatedness of 15 E. vulneris strains to the type strain averaged 75% in reactions at 60 degrees C and 69% in reactions at 75 degrees C, indicating that they comprise a separate species. DNA relatedness to other species in the family Enterobacteriaceae was 6 to 39%, an indication that this new species belongs in the family. E. vulneris showed the highest relatedness to species of Escherichia (25 to 39%) and Enterobacter (24 to 35%). On the basis of biochemical similarity, the new species was placed in the genus Escherichia. The type strain of E. vulneris is ATCC 33821 (CDC 875-72).
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Escherichia; Humans; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Terminology as Topic; Wound Infection
PubMed: 7107843
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.15.6.1133-1140.1982 -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Aug 2016Hospital effluents are a source of environmental pollution by drugs, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and resistance genes. Quinolones, particularly ciprofloxacin, are...
INTRODUCTION
Hospital effluents are a source of environmental pollution by drugs, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and resistance genes. Quinolones, particularly ciprofloxacin, are commonly detected in these effluents, contributing to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. The objective of this study was to characterize ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in hospital effluents.
METHODOLOGY
Isolates were selected on Tergitol-7 agar supplemented with ciprofloxacin and genotyped by ERIC-PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using the disk diffusion method, and minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using the agar dilution method. Resistance genes, integrons, phylogenetic groups, and sequence types were identified by PCR and sequencing.
RESULTS
A total of 17 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates were characterized: Escherichia coli, Escherichia vulneris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter freundii, and Citrobacter koseri/farmeri. Isolates presented concomitant resistance to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and pefloxacin. A diversity in mutation patterns in gyrA and parC genes and new amino-acid substitutions in GyrA subunit were observed. Quinolone plasmidic resistance genes qnrB1, qnrB2, qnrB5/19, qnrS1, and aac(6')-Ib-cr were detected. Resistance to other antibiotic classes was observed. Class 1 integrons and resistance genes blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-1, sul1, sul2, sul3, tetA, tetB, aadA1/2, aadA5, aph(3')-Ia, aac(3)II, dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, and dfrA12 were detected. Bacterial tolerance to cadmium, zinc, and mercury was observed with the presence of the merA gene. E. coli isolates belonged to phylogenetic groups A, B1, and D and to sequence types ST405, ST443, ST101, ST10, and ST347.
CONCLUSIONS
This study highlighted bacterial multidrug resistance linked to ciprofloxacin and, consequently, the risk of bacterial exposure to this antibiotic.
Topics: Algeria; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteriological Techniques; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae; Genes, Bacterial; Genotype; Genotyping Techniques; Hospitals; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Wastewater
PubMed: 27482804
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.6727 -
Microbiology and Immunology May 2016Multilocus sequence analysis based on hypervariable housekeeping proteins was utilized to differentiate closely related species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. Of 150...
Phylogenetics of family Enterobacteriaceae and proposal to reclassify Escherichia hermannii and Salmonella subterranea as Atlantibacter hermannii and Atlantibacter subterranea gen. nov., comb. nov.
Multilocus sequence analysis based on hypervariable housekeeping proteins was utilized to differentiate closely related species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. Of 150 housekeeping proteins, the top 10 hypervariable proteins were selected and concatenated to obtain distance data. Distances between concatenated proteins within the family were 0.9-41.2%, whereas the 16S rRNA and atpD-gyrB-infB-rpoB concatenated sequence (4MLSA) distances were 0.8-6.0% and 0.9-22.1%, respectively. These data indicate that phylogenetic analysis by concatenation of hypervariable proteins is a powerful tool for discriminating species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. To confirm the discriminatory power of the 10 chosen concatenated hypervariable proteins (C10HKP), phylogenetic trees based on C10HKP, 4MLSA, and the 16S rRNA gene were constructed. Comparison of average bootstrap values among C10HKP, 4MLSA and 16S rRNA genes indicated that the C10HKP tree was the most reliable. Location via the C10HKP tree was consistent with existing assignments for almost all species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. However, the C10HKP tree suggested that several species (including Enterobacter massiliensis, Escherichia vulneris, Escherichia hermannii, and Salmonella subterranea) should be reassigned to different clusters than those defined in previous analyses. Furthermore, E. hermannii and S. subterranea appeared to fall onto a branch independent from those occupied by the other Enterobacteriaceae. Therefore, we propose Atlantibacter gen. nov., such that E. hermannii and S. subterranea would be transferred to genus Atlantibacter as Atlantibacter hermannii, comb. nov. and Atlantibacter subterranea. comb. nov., respectively.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Enterobacteriaceae; Genes, Essential; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 26970508
DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12374 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... 2018Escherichia vulneris is a gram-negative bacillus that belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae, with a questioned pathogenic role. However, it has been confirmed as the...
Escherichia vulneris is a gram-negative bacillus that belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae, with a questioned pathogenic role. However, it has been confirmed as the cause of wound infections. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl, previously healthy, with a diagnosis of septic arthritis of the right knee, secondary to a spinal lesion. Escherichia vulneris, an unusual etiology of septic arthritis in children, was isolated in the joint fluid. This case is one of the first cases of septic arthritis due to E. vulneris, secondary to a plant-derived foreign body in a child, described in the medical literature. The importance of performing the microbiological study of joint fluid in patients with septic arthritis caused by a foreign body of plant-derived origin is emphasized.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis, Infectious; Biopsy, Needle; Child; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Escherichia; Female; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Knee Joint; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29652976
DOI: 10.4067/s0716-10182018000100080 -
Neurology India Mar 2005
Topics: Child, Preschool; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Escherichia; Female; Humans; Meningitis
PubMed: 15805676
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.15082