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Psychopharmacology Bulletin Jun 2018Schizophrenia treatment needs to cover several psychological interventions and pharmacological treatment for stabilizing the disease course and decreasing relapses....
INTRODUCTION
Schizophrenia treatment needs to cover several psychological interventions and pharmacological treatment for stabilizing the disease course and decreasing relapses. Sexual side effects are a major hindrance to patients and lead to decreased adherence to therapy and reduced quality of life. Recently, several studies outlined that sexual dysfunction is one of the most distressing side effects of antipsychotics and a major cause of a poor quality of life. We hereby report a case of hypersexuality probably associated with clozapine in a middle-aged woman with schizoaffective disorder.
CASE REPORT
45-year-old female diagnosed as a case of schizoaffective disorder, was initiated on quetiapine 150 mg, risperidone 4 mg, lithium 900 mg for her psychotic and maniac symptoms, and lorazepam 2 mg for insomnia. Due to non-compliance and relapse of symptoms, she was started on clozapine 450 mg which was further increased to 650 mg along with an injectable antipsychotic zuclopenthixol 400 mg. After 3 months of treatment with an increased dose of clozapine, patient exhibited unprovoked and increased sexual urges towards male relatives, exhibitionism and an increased libido compared to normal days. A complete physical examination ruled out any extrapyramidal signs. Clozapine was tapered to 400 mg and stopped. Upon cessation of clozapine, her symptoms of hypersexuality gradually reduced.
CONCLUSIONS
Clozapine's dopaminergic agonistic effects at the mesolimbic circuit may be responsible for this hypersexuality phenomenon. Poor understanding of the condition by the patient could lead to marital discord and suffering. WHO scale indicates clozapine as the probable cause of sexual dysfunction in our patient.
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Clozapine; Female; Humans; Libido; Middle Aged; Psychotic Disorders; Sexual Behavior; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological
PubMed: 30618473
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma Mar 2021Female adolescents are particularly at risk of body image concerns. These individuals tend to make greater use of Social Networks and this could lead adolescents into...
Female adolescents are particularly at risk of body image concerns. These individuals tend to make greater use of Social Networks and this could lead adolescents into behaviors that increase the risk of online sexual victimization (OSV). This cross-sectional study seeks to investigate the relation between body image concerns and OSV in a sample of female adolescents ( = 229) and the mediating role of three types of risky online behaviors in this link. Body image concerns predict OSV both directly and indirectly. Two of the three risky online behaviors proved to be mediators of the indirect link, namely: indiscriminate expansion of online network of contacts; and willingness to have relationships with strangers met online. Surprisingly, the third behavior, Sexting and Exhibitionism, was not shown to be a mediating factor between body image concerns and OSV. From our results emerges that adolescent girls with a negative body perception have a higher risk of OSV, and the relation between the two variables can be mediated by some risky online behaviors. It is likely that female adolescents use SNs more and adopt risky online behaviors in order to receive gratification and reassurance about their negative body image.
PubMed: 33708282
DOI: 10.1007/s40653-020-00301-5 -
Science and Engineering Ethics Jun 2018This paper is the result of the EMERGING ICT FOR CITIZEN VEILLANCE-workshop organized by the JRC, Ispra, Italy, March 2014. The aim of this paper is to explore how the...
This paper is the result of the EMERGING ICT FOR CITIZEN VEILLANCE-workshop organized by the JRC, Ispra, Italy, March 2014. The aim of this paper is to explore how the subject participates in surveillance situations with a particular focus on how users experience everyday tracking technologies and practices. Its theoretical points of departure stem from Surveillance Studies in general and notions of participatory surveillance (Albrechtslund 2008) and empowering exhibitionism (Koskela in Surveill Soc 2(2/3):199-215, 2004) in particular. We apply these theoretical notions on smartphones and its users to investigate the combination of participation and surveillance. Empirically, the paper uses interviews held with urban nightlife visitors to uncover practices of smartphone use. This qualitative and explorative study contributes to the concept of participatory surveillance by discussing to what extent smartphone-users' actions and motivations can be seen as forms of surveillance and how that influences these actors in a (nightly) public space. We finish by setting out directions for studying mobile technologies of the self.
Topics: Attitude; Congresses as Topic; Data Collection; Humans; Information Technology; Italy; Observation; Photography; Privacy; Qualitative Research; Recreation; Smartphone; Social Media; Social Networking; Surveys and Questionnaires; Urban Population
PubMed: 26319296
DOI: 10.1007/s11948-015-9691-8 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2018Narcissism is a truly Janusian phenomenon, consisting of both narcissistic grandiosity, exhibitionism, admiration-seeking, boldness, and dominance on the one hand, and...
Narcissism is a truly Janusian phenomenon, consisting of both narcissistic grandiosity, exhibitionism, admiration-seeking, boldness, and dominance on the one hand, and narcissistic vulnerability, introversion, withdrawal, hypersensitivity, and anxiety on the other hand. While there is broad consensus that these two seemingly contradictory faces of narcissism can be empirically discerned and have different implications for psychological functioning and mental health, there is not yet agreement on whether grandiose and vulnerable narcissism should be regarded as independent traits or as two manifestations of one personality trait. Previous research indicates that both views hold true when the level of grandiosity is considered a moderating factor: while grandiose and vulnerable narcissism are largely unrelated in the range of normal personality variation, they are correlated in the range of high grandiosity (Jauk et al., 2017b). Here, we replicate and extend this work in an independent sample ( = 891) using a more comprehensive narcissism inventory grounded in a new trifurcated model of narcissism. The trifurcated model partitions narcissism into three main personality dimensions: agentic extraversion, antagonism, and neuroticism. We found a significant breakpoint in the association between narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability at 75% cumulative frequency of grandiosity. While grandiosity and vulnerability are unrelated below this breakpoint ( = 0.02), they are strongly correlated above ( = 0.45). In the lower range of grandiose narcissism, grandiosity draws more upon agentic extraversion and is largely associated with mental health. In the upper range, however, grandiosity is more strongly linked to antagonism and is substantially associated with fear, negative affect, and depression. These findings provide evidence for the view that grandiose and vulnerable narcissism are distinct traits at lower levels of grandiosity, but blend into an antagonistic core with signs of psychological maladjustment at higher levels. Implications for research on narcissism as a personality trait, as well as clinical practice, are discussed.
PubMed: 30150950
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01305 -
PloS One 2017The prevalence of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is high among Western men who have sex with men (MSM), and CSA is associated with certain socio-demographic variables and...
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is high among Western men who have sex with men (MSM), and CSA is associated with certain socio-demographic variables and with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status. Little is known about CSA among Chinese MSM; therefore, we explored the prevalence and frequency of non-contact (e.g., sexual invitations, exhibitionism) and contact (e.g., intercourse, genital contact) forms of CSA in an Internet-based sample of MSM in China. We also examined the associations between the participants' socio-demographic characteristics and HIV status, and their histories of CSA.
METHODS
We surveyed MSM from 30 Chinese provinces in 2014-2015; 1,030 (mean age = 25.15 years, SD = 6.32) and 1,020 (mean age = 25.05 years, SD = 5.95) respondents were eligible for inclusion in the non-contact and contact CSA groups, respectively.
RESULTS
Prevalence of non-contact and contact CSA was 36.2% and 29.8%, respectively; 20.4% and 15.0% had experienced non-contact and contact CSA ≥ 3 times, respectively. Most respondents were young adults, well educated, single, had never "come out," and self-identified as gay or bisexual men. Univariate analyses showed that respondents who had experienced contact CSA were more likely to be HIV-positive than those who had never experienced contact CSA. Multivariate analyses showed that non-contact CSA was associated with less education, being in a relationship with a woman or a man, and having "come out." Contact CSA was associated with less education, higher income, and being in a relationship with a man. Respondents who had experienced non-contact CSA ≥ 3 times were more likely to be less educated, "out," and to be in a relationship with a woman or a man. Respondents who had experienced contact CSA ≥ 3 times were more likely to be less educated and to be in a relationship with a man.
CONCLUSIONS
It is necessary to pay closer attention to CSA among MSM and other sexual minorities in China.
Topics: Adult; Adult Survivors of Child Abuse; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; HIV Infections; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Internet; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 28394934
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175444 -
Social Cognitive and Affective... Jul 2016Narcissism is characterized by the search for affirmation and admiration from others. Might this motivation to find external sources of acclaim exist to compensate for...
Narcissism is characterized by the search for affirmation and admiration from others. Might this motivation to find external sources of acclaim exist to compensate for neurostructural deficits that link the self with reward? Greater structural connectivity between brain areas that process self-relevant stimuli (i.e. the medial prefrontal cortex) and reward (i.e. the ventral striatum) is associated with fundamentally positive self-views. We predicted that narcissism would be associated with less integrity of this frontostriatal pathway. We used diffusion tensor imaging to assess the frontostriatal structural connectivity among 50 healthy undergraduates (32 females, 18 males) who also completed a measure of grandiose narcissism. White matter integrity in the frontostriatal pathway was negatively associated with narcissism. Our findings, while purely correlational, suggest that narcissism arises, in part, from a neural disconnect between the self and reward. The exhibitionism and immodesty of narcissists may then be a regulatory strategy to compensate for this neural deficit.
Topics: Adolescent; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Exhibitionism; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Narcissism; Neostriatum; Neural Pathways; Personality Tests; Prefrontal Cortex; Reward; Ventral Striatum; White Matter; Young Adult
PubMed: 26048178
DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsv069 -
California Medicine May 1957A healthy sexual life begins in childhood, and the groundwork for later difficulties also begins in childhood. For the child, sexuality is a rather general, pleasurable...
A healthy sexual life begins in childhood, and the groundwork for later difficulties also begins in childhood. For the child, sexuality is a rather general, pleasurable excitation, not a specific genital stimulation. Excessive attention to the perineal area, operation upon or injury to the genital area and injections are vicissitudes which may have an unhealthy influence on later sexual development. Healthy and informed parental attitudes are the key here, just as they are in the normal exhibitionism, curiosity and intense emotional attachments to parents. Parents infect children, healthily or unhealthily, with their attitudes. In healthy growth exhibitionism and peeping become transformed in socially acceptable ways. In unhealthy growth, either perversions or strong reactions like over-modesty or shame result. Masturbation is common and transitory in most children. Parents, and especially pediatricians to whom parents turn, have a golden opportunity to direct healthy growth by being well informed about the infant and child's sexual growth and thus be enabled to advise upon or manage the common developmental phenomena with good commonsense and patience. Infants and children do not enter the world possessing the morals, standards or inhibitions of adults.
Topics: Adult; Child; Humans; Infant; Inhibition, Psychological; Life; Morals; Parents; Sexual Behavior; Sexuality
PubMed: 13426800
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2021Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a type of maltreatment that occurs in practically all countries and social statuses. Due to the taboo and shame that surrounds it, CSA is a...
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a type of maltreatment that occurs in practically all countries and social statuses. Due to the taboo and shame that surrounds it, CSA is a problem universally silenced despite the important consequences (both physical and psychological) that it has for the victim and their family. This work aimed to study the correlates of CSA in Mexican women. Our sample comprised 1058 women ranged from 18 to 73 years ( = 40.19; = 10.24). They completed an anonymous online survey including questions about all the different types of abuse, questions about who perpetrated it, at what age it happened, and whether the victim disclosed the abuse. Our results showed that, depending on the type of abuse, from 13.9% to 65.8% of the participants had suffered at least one episode of CSA throughout their childhood. The first episode typically occurred between 6 and 12 years old, with the perpetrator being a male. The youngest women reported higher rates of being shown pornography by a family member, whereas the oldest ones reported higher rates of exhibitionism by a stranger. Only 31.3% of the sample disclosed the abuse, usually to their mother or a peer. Differences among the correlates of the different types of abuse, the age of the victims, and the relationship with the perpetrator are discussed as well as the victims' feelings of being believed when they disclosed the abuse.
Topics: Child; Child Abuse; Child Abuse, Sexual; Disclosure; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Self Disclosure
PubMed: 34203483
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136931 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023Limited information is available on the prevalence and nature of sexual offending in Hong Kong. This cross-sectional study seeks to explore the role of risky sexual...
Limited information is available on the prevalence and nature of sexual offending in Hong Kong. This cross-sectional study seeks to explore the role of risky sexual behavior (RSB) and paraphilic interests in self-reported sexual offending behavior (i.e., nonpenetrative-only, penetrative-only, and nonpenetrative-plus-penetrative sexual assault) in a community sample of young adults in Hong Kong. Using a large sample ( = 1885) of university students, the lifetime prevalence of self-reported sexual offending was 18% ( = 342; 23% males ( = 166), 15% females ( = 176)). Based on the study subsample of 342 participants who self-reported sexual offending (aged 18-35), the findings indicated that males reported significantly higher levels of general, penetrative-only, nonpenetrative-plus-penetrative sexual assault; and paraphilic interest in voyeurism, frotteurism, biastophilia, scatophilia, and hebephilia than females; while females reported a significantly higher level of transvestic fetishism than males. No significant difference was found in RSB between males and females. Logistic regressions found that the participants who possessed a higher level of RSB, particularly penetrative behaviors, and paraphilic interest in voyeurism and zoophilia were less likely to engage in a nonpenetrative-only sexual offense. Conversely, the participants who possessed higher levels of RSB, especially penetrative behaviors, and paraphilic interest in exhibitionism and zoophilia, were more likely to engage in nonpenetrative-plus-penetrative sexual assault. The implications for practice in areas such as public education and offender rehabilitation are discussed.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Young Adult; Hong Kong; Cross-Sectional Studies; Sexual Behavior; Sex Offenses; Paraphilic Disorders
PubMed: 36901292
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054279 -
Aggressive Behavior 2010In recent years, there has been increasing acknowledgment of the multidimensionality of narcissism and that different types of narcissism may relate differently to other...
In recent years, there has been increasing acknowledgment of the multidimensionality of narcissism and that different types of narcissism may relate differently to other domains of functioning. Similarly, aggression-a frequently discussed correlate of narcissism-is a heterogeneous construct. In this study, the relations of proactive and reactive aggression with overt and covert manifestations of narcissism were examined in a sample of 674 Italian high school students (mean age=15.5 years, SD=2.1 years). Overt narcissism was positively related to both proactive and reactive subtypes of aggression, whereas covert narcissism related only to reactive aggression. Vanity, Authority, Exhibitionism, and Exploitativeness were the components of overt narcissism related to Proactive Aggression (all remained unique correlates when controlling for Reactive Aggression), whereas Reactive Aggression was associated with the Exhibitionism, Superiority, and Entitlement subscales (only the latter was uniquely related when controlling for Proactive Aggression).
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Aggression; Authoritarianism; Exhibitionism; Female; Humans; Italy; Male; Narcissism; Personality; Self Concept; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 19918915
DOI: 10.1002/ab.20332