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European Journal of Clinical... Apr 2022Finegoldia magna is an anaerobic gram-positive bacterium that can cause invasive human infections. Recently, a 52-year-old patient suffering from a periprosthetic joint...
Finegoldia magna is an anaerobic gram-positive bacterium that can cause invasive human infections. Recently, a 52-year-old patient suffering from a periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) due to F. magna was treated with cefepime on hemodialysis; however, treatment failed due to relapse caused by antibiotic-resistant strains. Reports on the antimicrobial susceptibility of F. magna clinical isolates are rare. We collected 57 clinical F. magna isolates from Zurich, Switzerland, between September 2019 and July 2020 and tested their antimicrobial susceptibility to investigate the local resistance pattern. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was evaluated for nine antibiotics (benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, cefepime, levofloxacin, rifampicin, metronidazole, doxycycline, and clindamycin) by E-test according to CLSI guidelines. All F. magna strains were susceptible to benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and metronidazole, while 75% to clindamycin. F. magna isolates showed MIC values lower than species-unrelated breakpoints for cefuroxime, levofloxacin, and cefepime in 93%, 56%, and 32% of the cases, respectively. MIC values for rifampicin and doxycycline were lower than locally determined ECOFFs in 98% and 72% of the cases, respectively. In summary, we recommend the use of benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, or metronidazole without prior AST as first-line treatment option against F. magna PJI infections. If cefuroxime, cefepime, levofloxacin, rifampicin, doxycycline, or clindamycin are used, AST is mandatory.
PubMed: 35391578
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-022-04439-y -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022Acute necrotizing pancreatitis (NP), a severe form of acute pancreatitis (AP), has higher mortality and worse outcome than non-necrotizing pancreatitis (non-NP)....
BACKGROUND
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis (NP), a severe form of acute pancreatitis (AP), has higher mortality and worse outcome than non-necrotizing pancreatitis (non-NP). Infected NP is a devastating subgroup of NP. To date neither NP nor infected NP has robust prediction strategies, which may delay early recognition and timely intervention. Recent studies revealed correlations between disturbed gut microbiota and AP severity. Some features of intestinal microbiota have the potential to become biomarkers for NP prediction.
METHODS
We performed 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze gut microbiota features in 20 healthy controls (HC), and 58 AP patients on hospital admission. The AP patients were later classified into NP and non-NP groups based on subsequent diagnostic imaging features. Random forest regression model and ROC curve were applied for NP and infected NP prediction. PIRCUSt2 was used for bacterial functional pathway prediction analysis.
RESULTS
We found that the three groups (HC, NP, and non-NP) had distinct microorganism composition. NP patients had reduced microbial diversity, higher abundance of , but lower abundance of and compared with the non-NP group. Correlation analyses displayed that intestine bacterial taxonomic alterations were related to severity, ICU admission, and prognosis. By pathway prediction, species more abundant in NP patients had positive correlation with synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, and benzoate degradation. (ASV2) performed best in discriminating NP and non-NP patients. (ASV3) showed the maximal prediction capacity among all ASVs and had comparable accuracy with Balthazar CT to detect patients with infected NP.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study suggests that NP patients have distinct intestinal microbiota on admission compared to non-NP patients. Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota might influence NP progression through ketone body or benzoate metabolism. and are potential predictors for NP and infected NP. Our findings explore biomarkers which may inform clinical decision-making in AP and shed light on further studies on NP pathophysiology and management.
Topics: Acute Disease; Bacteria; Benzoates; Biomarkers; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 36105818
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988326 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Nov 2017The anaerobic Gram-positive coccus is a rare cause of infections of bone and joints. The aim of this study was to describe the microbiological and clinical...
The anaerobic Gram-positive coccus is a rare cause of infections of bone and joints. The aim of this study was to describe the microbiological and clinical characteristics of orthopedic implant-associated infections caused by We retrospectively analyzed samples consisting of anaerobic Gram-positive cocci and samples already identified as from patients with orthopedic infections. The isolates found were determined to the species level using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by Etest. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed. Clinical data were extracted from each patient's journal. In nine patients, orthopedic joint implant-associated infections were identified as being caused by The isolates were susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested, with the exception of rifampin and moxifloxacin in a few cases. Five of the nine infections were monomicrobial. The most common antibiotic used to treat the infection was penicillin V, but five of the nine patients received a combination of antibiotics. Eight patients underwent surgical treatment, with extraction of the implant performed in seven cases and reimplantation in only two cases. The WGS showed a relatively small core genome, with 126,647 single nucleotide polymorphisms identified within the core genome. A phylogenomic analysis revealed that the isolates clustered into two distinct clades. Orthopedic implant-associated infections caused by are rare, but the bacteria are generally susceptible to antibiotics. Despite this, surgical treatment combined with long-term antibiotics is often necessary. The WGS analysis revealed a high heterogeneity and suggested the existence of at least two different species.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Debridement; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; Female; Firmicutes; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Epidemiology; Molecular Typing; Osteoarthritis; Phylogeny; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Retrospective Studies; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Whole Genome Sequencing
PubMed: 28904182
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00866-17 -
Microorganisms Aug 2021The aim of this multicentre study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility to anti-anaerobic antibiotics of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) isolates responsible...
The aim of this multicentre study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility to anti-anaerobic antibiotics of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) isolates responsible for invasive infections in humans. A total of 133 GPAC isolates were collected in nine French hospitals from 2016 to 2020. All strains were identified to the species level (MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, 16S rRNA sequencing). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of amoxicillin, piperacillin, cefotaxime, imipenem, clindamycin, vancomycin, linezolid, moxifloxacin, rifampicin, and metronidazole were determined by the reference agar dilution method. Main -like genes were detected by PCR. The 133 GPAC isolates were identified as follows: 10 spp., 49 , 33 , 30 spp., and 11 . All isolates were susceptible to imipenem, vancomycin (except 3 ), linezolid and metronidazole. All isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin and piperacillin, except for (54% and 45% susceptibility only, respectively). MICs of cefotaxime widely varied while activity of rifampicin, and moxifloxacin was also variable. Concerning clindamycin, 31 were categorized as resistant (22 (A) subclass (TR), 7 (B), 1 both genes and 1 negative for tested genes) with MICs from 8 to >32 mg/L. Although GPACs are usually susceptible to drugs commonly used for the treatment of anaerobic infections, antimicrobial susceptibility should be evaluated in vitro.
PubMed: 34442745
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081665 -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Sep 2023Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis has been reported as a sequela after coronavirus disease in immunocompromised patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Most...
INTRODUCTION
Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis has been reported as a sequela after coronavirus disease in immunocompromised patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Most cases have been identified in India, with only 19 reported elsewhere.
METHODOLOGY
We herein report the results of clinical, imaging, microbiological, and histopathological studies in an immunocompetent 67-year-old male with rhino-orbital infection by Finegoldia magna and Mucorales molds following severe SARS-CoV-2 disease associated with new-onset decompensated diabetes mellitus.
RESULTS
Microbiological and histological studies confirmed the presence of both Mucorales molds and Finegoldia magna, which was successfully treated with antibiotics and a specific anti-fungal agent (Posaconazole).
CONCLUSIONS
Careful multidisciplinary follow-up of patients treated for severe SARS-CoV-2 disease is necessary for the timely diagnosis of complications such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and opportunistic infections.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Mucorales; SARS-CoV-2; Coinfection; COVID-19; Mucormycosis; Diabetes Mellitus; Antifungal Agents
PubMed: 37824356
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.17647 -
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and... Apr 2023Finegoldia magna (formerly known as Peptococcus magnus or Peptostreptococcus magnus) belonging to phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia and genus Finegoldia, is the only...
BACKGROUND
Finegoldia magna (formerly known as Peptococcus magnus or Peptostreptococcus magnus) belonging to phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia and genus Finegoldia, is the only species known to cause infections in human beings. Amongst Gram positive anaerobic cocci, F. magna is known to be the most virulent with a high pathogenic potential. Significant upsurge in antimicrobial resistance among anaerobes has been documented by various studies. F. magna is known to be susceptible to most of the anti-anaerobic antimicrobials, however, multidrug resistant strains are being reported in literature. The present study was undertaken to highlight the role of F. magna in clinical infections and to analyze their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.
METHODS
The present study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Southern India. 42 clinical isolates of F. magna recovered from diverse clinical infections between January 2011 to December 2015 were studied. These isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing against metronidazole, clindamycin, cefoxitin, penicillin, chloramphenicol and linezolid.
RESULTS
Among the 42 isolates studied, majority of them were revived from diabetic foot infections (31%) followed by necrotizing fasciitis (19%) and deep-seated abscesses (19%). All the F. magna isolates showed good in-vitro activity against metronidazole, cefoxitin, linezolid and chloramphenicol. Clindamycin and penicillin resistance were observed against 9.5% and 2.4% of the isolates respectively. However, β-lactamase activity was not detected.
CONCLUSION
The antimicrobial resistance among anaerobes varies from pathogen to pathogen and region to region. Hence, a deep understanding of resistance pattern is necessary for better management of clinical infections.
Topics: Humans; Clindamycin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefoxitin; Metronidazole; Linezolid; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Chloramphenicol
PubMed: 37098571
DOI: 10.1186/s12941-023-00583-1 -
Journal of Innate Immunity 2014Many bacterial pathogens have developed methods to overcome the defences of the host innate immune system. One such defence is the release of antimicrobial peptides...
Many bacterial pathogens have developed methods to overcome the defences of the host innate immune system. One such defence is the release of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Histones have been found to function as AMPs, in addition to their main biological function of packaging and organising DNA into nucleosomes. In this study, the Gram-positive anaerobic coccus Finegoldia magna was found to bind histones by Western blot and immunoprecipitation analysis. F. magna, which is normally a commensal of the skin and mucous membranes, is also known to act as an opportunistic pathogen and has been isolated from various clinical infection sites. It was found to bind to histones extracted from human skin epidermis through its surface and extracellular adhesion protein FAF. Through FAF binding, F. magna was protected from histone bactericidal activity. Furthermore, the histones were found to be degraded by SufA, a subtilisin-like extracellular serine protease of F. magna. Hence, the results of the present study will give more insight into how F. magna persists both as a commensal organism at the basement membrane of the skin and as an opportunistic pathogen during infection.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Epidermis; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Histones; Humans; Immunomodulation; Microbiota; Mucous Membrane; Peptostreptococcus; Protein Binding; Proteolysis; Subtilisin
PubMed: 24335013
DOI: 10.1159/000356432 -
Microbiology Spectrum Dec 2022The knowledge of bacterial species diversity within the female urinary microbiome (FUM) is essential for understanding the role of the FUM in urinary tract health and...
The knowledge of bacterial species diversity within the female urinary microbiome (FUM) is essential for understanding the role of the FUM in urinary tract health and disease. This study aimed to characterize the bacterial species diversity of the FUM of asymptomatic reproductive-age European women by combining extended culturomics and long-read sequencing of the near-full-length 16S rRNA gene. A total of 297 bacterial species (median of 53 species/sample) were identified, yet only 22% of the species were detected by both culture and sequencing methods. Recently recognized , , and species and 5 new putative species were identified by culturomics, while anaerobic species (e.g., 11 spp.) were mostly detected by amplicon sequencing. Notably, there was not a single species common to all samples, although members of the genus were detected in all. Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus iners, and Lactobacillus mulieris were observed in high relative abundance in several samples, as well as other species (e.g., Streptococcus agalactiae, Fannyhessea vaginae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Gardnerella swidsinskii), while low-abundance members (e.g., Finegoldia magna) were often more prevalent. A moderate correlation (Mantel test; = 0.5) between community structure types captured by culturomics and amplicon sequencing was observed, highlighting the benefit of combining both methodologies. This study provided a detailed FUM structure at the species level, which is critical to unveil the potential relationship between specific microbiome members and urinary diseases/disorders. Moreover, the different capacity to characterize microbiome profiles of culturomic and amplicon sequencing is described, providing valuable insights for further urinary microbiome studies. The bacterial species diversity within the female urinary microbiome (FUM) has been insufficiently characterized. This study demonstrated that complementarity between optimized culture-dependent and -independent approaches is highly beneficial for comprehensive FUM species profiling by detecting higher FUM species diversity than previously reported, including identification of unreported species belonging to the genera , , and and putative novel species. Although some species were present in high relative abundance, low-abundance members were more prevalent. FUM classification into community structure types demonstrated high interindividual differences in urinary microbiome composition among asymptomatic women. We also report moderate correlation between culture-dependent and -independent derived data-highlighting drawbacks of each methodological approach. Our findings suggest that FUM bacterial diversity reported from previous studies may be underestimated. Finally, our results contribute to the fundamental knowledge of the FUM required for further exploration of the urinary microbiome role in urinary tract diseases.
Topics: Humans; Female; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Urinary Tract; Gardnerella vaginalis; Bacteria; Corynebacterium; Microbiota; European People; Vagina
PubMed: 36383025
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01308-22 -
World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022
PubMed: 35837556
DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2022.067 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2020The Gram-positive anaerobic commensal colonizes the skin and other non-sterile body surfaces, and is an important opportunistic pathogen. Here we analyzed the effect of...
The Gram-positive anaerobic commensal colonizes the skin and other non-sterile body surfaces, and is an important opportunistic pathogen. Here we analyzed the effect of on human primary neutrophils. strains ALB8 (expressing protein FAF), 312 (expressing protein L) and 505 (naturally lacking both protein FAF and L) as well as their associated proteins activate neutrophils to release reactive oxygen species, an indication for neutrophil oxidative burst. Co-incubation of neutrophils with the bacteria leads to a strong increase of CD66b surface expression, another indicator for neutrophil activation. Furthermore, all tested stimuli triggered the release of NETs from the activated neutrophils, pointing to a host defense mechanism in response to the tested stimuli. This phenotype is dependent on actin rearrangement, NADPH oxidases and the ERK1/2 pathway. Proteins FAF and L also induced the secretion of several pro-inflammatory neutrophil proteins; HBP, IL-8 and INFγ. This study shows for the first time a direct interaction of with human neutrophils and suggests that the activation of neutrophils plays a role in pathogenesis.
PubMed: 32117109
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00065