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Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Apr 2021Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is a rare neuro-muco-cutaneous syndrome, which is characterized by recurrent orofacial swelling, recurrent facial paralysis and... (Review)
Review
Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is a rare neuro-muco-cutaneous syndrome, which is characterized by recurrent orofacial swelling, recurrent facial paralysis and fissured tongue. It has a high prevalence in young adults. Up to now, the etiology of MRS is still not clear, it may related to infection, immune deficiency and hereditary factors. The pharmacological therapy and surgery are the main treatment. Corticosteroids seems to be the drug of choice for MRS patient, but the specific dosage and therapeutic effect have not yet been determined. Surgeries of lips provide excellent results in persistentlip edema MRS cases. This article reviews the research progress on MRS, focusing on its epidemiology, etiology, histopathological characteristics, clinical manifestations, classification, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis and treatment, to provide information for its early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lip; Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome; Skin; Young Adult
PubMed: 34137235
DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2021-0103 -
International Journal of General... 2020Melkerrson-Rosenthal syndrome is a rare disorder of unknown aetiology and characterized by the triad of oro-facial edema, facial nerve palsy, and furrowing of the... (Review)
Review
Melkerrson-Rosenthal syndrome is a rare disorder of unknown aetiology and characterized by the triad of oro-facial edema, facial nerve palsy, and furrowing of the tongue. Two or more of the above are essential for making a clinical diagnosis. The mainstay of treatment is corticosteroids. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide may be used for the treatment of oro-facial edema. Another treatment option for oro-facial edema includes intralesional betamethasone, along with oral doxycycline. The review discusses the management strategies in Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.
PubMed: 32161488
DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S186315 -
Dermatologic Therapy Jan 2021Dysgeusia is the first recognized oral symptom of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this review article, we described oral lesions of COVID-19 patients. We... (Review)
Review
Dysgeusia is the first recognized oral symptom of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this review article, we described oral lesions of COVID-19 patients. We searched PubMed library and Google Scholar for published literature since December 2019 until September 2020. Finally, we selected 35 articles including case reports, case series and letters to editor. Oral manifestations included ulcer, erosion, bulla, vesicle, pustule, fissured or depapillated tongue, macule, papule, plaque, pigmentation, halitosis, whitish areas, hemorrhagic crust, necrosis, petechiae, swelling, erythema, and spontaneous bleeding. The most common sites of involvement in descending order were tongue (38%), labial mucosa (26%), and palate (22%). Suggested diagnoses of the lesions were aphthous stomatitis, herpetiform lesions, candidiasis, vasculitis, Kawasaki-like, EM-like, mucositis, drug eruption, necrotizing periodontal disease, angina bullosa-like, angular cheilitis, atypical Sweet syndrome, and Melkerson-Rosenthal syndrome. Oral lesions were symptomatic in 68% of the cases. Oral lesions were nearly equal in both genders (49% female and 51% male). Patients with older age and higher severity of COVID-19 disease had more widespread and sever oral lesions. Lack of oral hygiene, opportunistic infections, stress, immunosuppression, vasculitis, and hyper-inflammatory response secondary to COVID-19 are the most important predisposing factors for onset of oral lesions in COVID-19 patients.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Mouth Diseases; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 33236823
DOI: 10.1111/dth.14578 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Jun 2021Cerebriform tongue (CT) is diagnosed to be a benign clinical condition that is characterized by grooves on the dorsal surface of the tongue and referred with other...
Cerebriform tongue (CT) is diagnosed to be a benign clinical condition that is characterized by grooves on the dorsal surface of the tongue and referred with other terminologies such as the scrotal tongue, grooved tongue, lingua fissurata, and lingua plicata which can be chronic trauma, vitamin deficiencies, and probably not a developmental malformation. The incidence of this condition was predominant among males and found to be higher with increasing age. It is very rarely observed in children. It is usually painless and sometimes food debris accumulation can irritate. CT has been reported with the association of various systemic factors and syndromes. A case of a 62-year-old male with CT is presented along with the review of the literature.
PubMed: 34447218
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_628_20 -
Oral Diseases Jun 2019To detail a scoping review on the global and regional relative frequencies of oral mucosal disorders in the children based on both clinical studies and those reported... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To detail a scoping review on the global and regional relative frequencies of oral mucosal disorders in the children based on both clinical studies and those reported from biopsy records.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A literature search was completed from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2018 using PubMed and EMBASE.
RESULTS
Twenty clinical studies (sample size: 85,976) and 34 studies from biopsy services (40,522 biopsies) were included. Clinically, the most frequent conditions were aphthous ulcerations (1.82%), trauma-associated lesions (1.33%) and herpes simplex virus (HSV)-associated lesions (1.33%). Overall, the most commonly biopsied lesions were mucoceles (17.12%), fibrous lesions (9.06%) and pyogenic granuloma (4.87%). By WHO geographic region, the pooled relative frequencies of the most common oral lesions were similar between regions in both clinical and biopsy studies. Across regions, geographic tongue (migratory glossitis), HSV lesions, fissured tongue and trauma-associated ulcers were the most commonly reported paediatric oral mucosal lesions in clinical studies, while mucoceles, fibrous lesions and pyogenic granuloma were the most commonly biopsied lesions.
CONCLUSIONS
The scoping review suggests data from the clinical studies and biopsy records shared similarities in the most commonly observed mucosal lesions in children across regions. In addition, the majority of lesions were benign in nature.
Topics: Biopsy; Child; Congresses as Topic; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Oral Medicine; Oral Ulcer; Stomatitis, Aphthous
PubMed: 31034120
DOI: 10.1111/odi.13112 -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Nov 2019
Topics: Adult; Chlorhexidine; Humans; Male; Mouthwashes; Oral Hygiene; Tongue; Tongue, Fissured
PubMed: 31710590
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.86a.19060 -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2023The tongue is known as the mirror of oral and general health. Some diseases may show signs in the tongue. Fissured is approximately an asymptomatic condition...
BACKGROUND
The tongue is known as the mirror of oral and general health. Some diseases may show signs in the tongue. Fissured is approximately an asymptomatic condition characterized by grooves and fissures of varying depth on the dorsal surface of the tongue. Epidemiologically, its prevalence is varied based on different factors, but most of them report 10-20%.
METHODS
In the department of oral medicine at Ali-Abad University Hospital of Kabul University of Medical Sciences, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 patients. This fissured tongue is first diagnosed based on clinical appearance (fissures) on each side of tongue. Meanwhile, the whole medical and dental histories were taken for the rest of the leading factors.
RESULTS
Out of 400 patients (124 males and 276 females) seen and checked, which 142 cases were fissured tongue [45 (31.7%) males and 97 (68.3%) females]. The fissures were found to be least in the >10 - 19-year age group, 23 (16.3%) and it was most prevalent in the 20 -39 age group, 73 (51.8%), followed by 40 -59, 35 (24.8%) and 60< age group, 10 (7.1%). The most prevalent type of pattern of fissures was found to be superficial, multiple and not connected fissures, 46.32% (33.3% males, 32.3% females), followed by superficial, multiple and connected fissures, 25.5% (26.7% males, 25% females), and whereas 6.4% of patients with (single and deep type of fissure) was the lowest prevalent type of fissured tongue. In our study, more than half of patients asymptomatic (51.6% females and 71.1% males), 17.9% complained from tongue dryness, 14.3% soreness, 6.4% halitosis, 1.4% tongue swelling and 2.1% had all the signs.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of fissured tongue was 35.5%. A significant difference between genders was reported with female predominance in all cases observed. The most prevalent age groups were 20-29 and 30-39 in both gender groups. Superficial, multiple, and not connected fissures 46.32% were the most common type of fissure.
PubMed: 36860622
DOI: 10.2147/CCIDE.S391498 -
Dermatology Online Journal Oct 2011Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome (MRS) is a rare syndrome that is characterized by a triad of facial paralysis, chronic edema of the lip, and a fissured tongue. Most... (Review)
Review
Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome (MRS) is a rare syndrome that is characterized by a triad of facial paralysis, chronic edema of the lip, and a fissured tongue. Most commonly, one element of the triad precedes the development of the other symptoms. We present a case of cheilitis granulomatosa (CG) as a manifestation of incomplete MRS. As the etiology remains unknown, treatment of CG is challenging. Intralesional glucocorticoids remain the first-line treatment, but recurrences are common. We discuss alternative treatment strategies that include combination therapy with other anti-inflammatory agents and biologics, such as infliximab.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Biopsy; Crohn Disease; Female; Humans; Infliximab; Injections, Intralesional; Lidocaine; Lip; Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome; Syndrome; Triamcinolone; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 22031641
DOI: No ID Found -
Technology and Health Care : Official... 2022Tongue inspection is vital in traditional Chinese medicine. Fissured tongue is an important feature in tongue diagnosis, and primarily corresponds to three Chinese...
BACKGROUND
Tongue inspection is vital in traditional Chinese medicine. Fissured tongue is an important feature in tongue diagnosis, and primarily corresponds to three Chinese medicine syndromes: syndrome-related hotness, blood deficiency, and insufficiency of the spleen. Diagnosis of the syndrome is significantly affected by the experience of clinicians, and it is difficult for young doctors to perform accurate diagnoses.
OBJECTIVE
The syndrome not only depends on the local features based on fissured regions but also on the global features of the whole tongue; therefore, a syndrome diagnosis framework combining the global and local features of a fissured tongue image was developed in the present study to achieve a quantitative and objective diagnosis.
METHODS
First, we detected the fissured region of a tongue image using a single-shot multibox detector. Second, we extracted the global and local features from a whole tongue image and a fissured region using TongueNet (developed in-house). Third, we developed a classifier to determine the final syndrome.
RESULTS
Based on an experiment involving 721 fissured tongue images, we discovered that TongueNet affords better feature extraction. The accuracy of TongueNet was 4% (p< 0.05) and 3% (p< 0.05) higher than that of InceptionV3 and ResNet18, respectively, for whole tongue images. Meanwhile, at local fissured regions, the accuracy of TongueNet was 3% (p< 0.05) higher than that of InceptionV3 and equal to that of ResNet18. Finally, the fusion features outperformed the global and local features with a 78% accuracy.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings indicate that TongueNet designed with batch normalization and dropout is more suitable for uncomplicated images than InceptionV3 and ResNet18. In addition, compared with the global features, the fusion features supplement the detailed information of the fissures and improve classification accuracy.
Topics: Humans; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Neural Networks, Computer; Tongue; Tongue, Fissured
PubMed: 35124604
DOI: 10.3233/THC-228026