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Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Apr 2019
Topics: Agar; Bacteriological Techniques; Capnocytophaga
PubMed: 31344157
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182019000200219 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Jan 2016
Topics: Flavobacteriaceae; Flavobacteriaceae Infections; Humans
PubMed: 27057563
DOI: 10.3201/eid2201.et2201 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Oct 2017
Topics: Colony Count, Microbial; Culture Media; Flavobacteriaceae
PubMed: 29488591
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182017000500485 -
Molecular Microbiology Jul 2016For many bacteria, motility is essential for survival, growth, virulence, biofilm formation and intra/interspecies interactions. Since natural environments differ,... (Review)
Review
For many bacteria, motility is essential for survival, growth, virulence, biofilm formation and intra/interspecies interactions. Since natural environments differ, bacteria have evolved remarkable motility systems to adapt, including swimming in aqueous media, and swarming, twitching and gliding on solid and semi-solid surfaces. Although tremendous advances have been achieved in understanding swimming and swarming motilities powered by flagella, and twitching motility powered by Type IV pili, little is known about gliding motility. Bacterial gliders are a heterogeneous group containing diverse bacteria that utilize surface motilities that do not depend on traditional flagella or pili, but are powered by mechanisms that are less well understood. Recently, advances in our understanding of the molecular machineries for several gliding bacteria revealed the roles of modified ion channels, secretion systems and unique machinery for surface movements. These novel mechanisms provide rich source materials for studying the function and evolution of complex microbial nanomachines. In this review, we summarize recent findings made on the gliding mechanisms of the myxobacteria, flavobacteria and mycoplasmas.
Topics: Cell Movement; Flavobacteriaceae; Models, Biological; Movement; Mycoplasma; Myxococcales; Secretory Pathway; Virulence
PubMed: 27028358
DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13389 -
Environmental Microbiology Oct 2022Bacteria within the phylum Bacteroidota (Bacteroidetes) are known to cause devastating and widespread disease outbreaks in marine eukaryotic hosts. However, with few... (Review)
Review
Bacteria within the phylum Bacteroidota (Bacteroidetes) are known to cause devastating and widespread disease outbreaks in marine eukaryotic hosts. However, with few pathogens described in detail, their prevalence and virulence strategies remain largely unknown. Here, we systematically reviewed the literature to evaluate the current understanding of Bacteroidota that cause disease in marine hosts. Isolates affiliated with the genera Tenacibaculum and Aquimarina (Flavobacteriaceae) were the most widely reported and characterized pathogens. Although cultured isolates were predominantly Flavobacteriia, culture-independent studies also found classes Bacteroidia, Cytophagia and Sphingobacteriia associated with disease. We found that pathogenic marine Bacteroidota largely conformed to an opportunistic lifestyle but could also act as secondary pathogens or were involved in polymicrobial diseases. Many diseases were also associated with an environmental stressor, especially those affecting coral, macroalgae and fish. Key virulence traits included the production of adhesins and host tissue-degrading enzymes. Overall, the nature of disease involving Bacteroidota pathogens appears to be an outcome of complex host-pathogen-environment interactions; however, our understanding of virulence remains limited by the lack of functional characterization studies. This is concerning as Bacteroidota have the potential to emerge as a serious threat to marine ecosystems and aquaculture industries, driven by global changes in ocean conditions.
Topics: Animals; Anthozoa; Ecosystem; Fish Diseases; Flavobacteriaceae; Oceans and Seas; Tenacibaculum
PubMed: 35706128
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16094 -
Journal of Zhejiang University.... Mar 2016Bacteria of the genus Myroides (Myroides spp.) are rare opportunistic pathogens. Myroides sp. infections have been reported mainly in China. Myroides sp. is highly... (Review)
Review
Bacteria of the genus Myroides (Myroides spp.) are rare opportunistic pathogens. Myroides sp. infections have been reported mainly in China. Myroides sp. is highly resistant to most available antibiotics, but the resistance mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Current strain identification methods based on biochemical traits are unable to identify strains accurately at the species level. While 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing can accurately achieve this, it fails to give information on the status and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, because the 16S rRNA sequence contains no information on resistance genes, resistance islands or enzymes. We hypothesized that obtaining the whole genome sequence of Myroides sp., using next generation sequencing methods, would help to clarify the mechanisms of pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance, and guide antibiotic selection to treat Myroides sp. infections. As Myroides sp. can survive in hospitals and the environment, there is a risk of nosocomial infections and pandemics. For better management of Myroides sp. infections, it is imperative to apply next generation sequencing technologies to clarify the antibiotic resistance mechanisms in these bacteria.
Topics: Drug Resistance, Microbial; Flavobacteriaceae; Flavobacteriaceae Infections; Genome, Bacterial; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 26984839
DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B1500068 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Oct 2011
Topics: Flavobacteriaceae
PubMed: 22051619
DOI: No ID Found -
MSphere Aug 2021Microbial proton-pumping rhodopsins are considered the simplest strategy among phototrophs to conserve energy from light. Proteorhodopsins are the most studied...
Microbial proton-pumping rhodopsins are considered the simplest strategy among phototrophs to conserve energy from light. Proteorhodopsins are the most studied rhodopsins thus far because of their ubiquitous presence in the ocean, except in Antarctica, where they remain understudied. We analyzed proteorhodopsin abundance and transcriptional activity in the Western Antarctic coastal seawaters. Combining quantitative PCR (qPCR) and metagenomics, the relative abundance of proteorhodopsin-bearing bacteria accounted on average for 17, 3.5, and 29.7% of the bacterial community in Chile Bay (South Shetland Islands) during 2014, 2016, and 2017 summer-autumn, respectively. The abundance of proteorhodopsin-bearing bacteria changed in relation to environmental conditions such as chlorophyll and temperature. , , and were the main bacteria that transcribed the proteorhodopsin gene during day and night. Although green light-absorbing proteorhodopsin genes were more abundant than blue-absorbing ones, the latter were transcribed more intensely, resulting in >50% of the proteorhodopsin transcripts during the day and night. were the most abundant proteorhodopsin-bearing bacteria in the metagenomes; however, and were more represented in the metatranscriptomes, with qPCR quantification suggesting the dominance of the active SAR11 clade. Our results show that proteorhodopsin-bearing bacteria are prevalent in Antarctic coastal waters in late austral summer and early autumn, and their ecological relevance needs to be elucidated to better understand how sunlight energy is used in this marine ecosystem. Proteorhodopsin-bearing microorganisms in the Southern Ocean have been overlooked since their discovery in 2000. The present study identify taxonomy and quantify the relative abundance of proteorhodopsin-bearing bacteria and proteorhodopsin gene transcription in the West Antarctic Peninsula's coastal waters. This information is crucial to understand better how sunlight enters this marine environment through alternative ways unrelated to chlorophyll-based strategies. The relative abundance of proteorhodopsin-bearing bacteria seems to be related to environmental parameters (e.g., chlorophyll , temperature) that change yearly at the coastal water of the West Antarctic Peninsula during the austral late summers and early autumns. Proteorhodopsin-bearing bacteria from Antarctic coastal waters are potentially able to exploit both the green and blue spectrum of sunlight and are a prevalent group during the summer in this polar environment.
Topics: Alphaproteobacteria; Antarctic Regions; Ecosystem; Flavobacteriaceae; Metagenomics; Microbiota; Phototrophic Processes; Phylogeny; Rhodopsin; Rhodopsins, Microbial; Seawater
PubMed: 34406852
DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00525-21 -
Microbiology Spectrum Dec 2021The emergence of (X) genes has compromised the clinical use of the last-line antibiotic tigecycline. We identified 322 (1.21%) (X) positive samples from 12,829 human...
The emergence of (X) genes has compromised the clinical use of the last-line antibiotic tigecycline. We identified 322 (1.21%) (X) positive samples from 12,829 human microbiome samples distributed in four continents (Asia, Europe, North America, and South America) using retrospective data from worldwide. These (X) genes were dominated by (X2)-like orthologs but we also identified 12 samples carrying novel (X) genes, designed (X45), (X46), and (X47), were resistant to tigecycline. The metagenomic analysis indicated these (X) genes distributed in anaerobes dominated by (78.89%) of human-gut origin. Two mobile elements IS and IS were most likely to promote the transmission of these (X2)-like orthologs between and Riemerella anatipestifer. (X2)-like orthologs was also developed during transmission by mutation to high-level tigecycline resistant genes (X45), (X46), and (X47). Further tracing these (X) in single bacterial isolate from public repository indicated (X) genes were present as early as 1960s in R. anatipestifer that was the primary (X) carrier at early stage (before 2000). The (X2) and non-(X2) orthologs were primarily distributed in humans and food animals respectively, and non-(X2) were dominated by (X3) and (X4). Genomic comparison indicated these (X) genes were likely to be generated during (X) transmission between and E. coli/Acinetobacter spp., and IS played a key role in the transmission. These results suggest R. anatipestifer was the potential ancestral source of (X). In addition, of human-gut origin was an important hidden reservoir and mutational incubator for the mobile (X) genes that enabled spread to facultative anaerobes and aerobes. The emergence of the tigecycline resistance gene (X) has posed a severe threat to public health. However, reports of its origin and distribution in human remain rare. Here, we explore the origin and distribution of (X) from large-scale metagenomic data of human-gut origin and public repository. This study revealed the emergency of (X) gene in 1960s, which has refreshed a previous standpoint that the earliest presence of (X) was in 1980s. The metagenomic analysis from data mining covered the unculturable bacteria, which has overcome the traditional bacteria isolating and purificating technologies, and the analysis indicated that the of human-gut origin was an important hidden reservoir for (X) that enabled spread to facultative anaerobes and aerobes. The continuous monitoring of mobile tigecycline resistance determinants from both culturable and unculturable microorganisms is imperative for understanding and tackling the dissemination of (X) genes in both the health care and agricultural sectors.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Bacteroidaceae; DNA Transposable Elements; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Flavobacteriaceae; Gene Transfer, Horizontal; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plasmids; Riemerella; Tigecycline
PubMed: 34935428
DOI: 10.1128/Spectrum.01164-21 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Dec 2008
Topics: Chryseobacterium; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 19194608
DOI: No ID Found