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Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Dec 2021In recent years, postmortem biochemistry analysis has gradually been applied to forensic practice, providing objective evidence for health conditions before death,... (Review)
Review
In recent years, postmortem biochemistry analysis has gradually been applied to forensic practice, providing objective evidence for health conditions before death, disease pathophysiological processes and forensic diagnosis of postmortem interval and cause of death. It is of great significance to understand the change patterns of postmortem biochemical indicators and their applications in forensic medicine. This article reviews the research progress of postmortem biochemistry and its application in forensic medicine, it summarizes the existing problems of postmortem biochemistry analysis in forensic medicine of China and discusses the application prospect of postmortem biochemistry analysis in forensic medicine. This review is expected to provide references for forensic practitioners.
Topics: Autopsy; China; Forensic Medicine; Forensic Pathology; Humans; Postmortem Changes
PubMed: 35243853
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.401205 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Feb 2020Traditional forensic identification relies on forensic experts to manually extract information and provide identification opinions based on medicine, biology and other... (Review)
Review
Traditional forensic identification relies on forensic experts to manually extract information and provide identification opinions based on medicine, biology and other fields of knowledge combined with personal work experience, which is not only time-consuming and require great effort, but also affected by subjective factors that are difficult to overcome. In the era of big data, the booming development of artificial intelligence brings new ideas to forensic medicine. In recent years, forensic researchers at home and abroad have conducted many studies based on artificial intelligence technology, such as face recognition, age and gender identification, DNA analysis, postmortem interval estimation, injury and cause of death identification, showing the feasibility and advantages of using artificial intelligence technology to solve forensic identification problems. As a new means of technology that has adapted to the development of the times, artificial intelligence has brought new vitality to forensic medicine, but at the same time also some new challenges. How to deal with these challenges scientifically and form a new mode of 'artificial intelligence plus forensic medicine' with artificial intelligence and forensic medicine developing collaboratively is a new direction for the development of forensic medicine in the era of big data.
Topics: Artificial Intelligence; Autopsy; Forensic Medicine
PubMed: 32250084
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.016 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Feb 2019Proteomics has become one of the hot topics in modern life sciences. Its application prospects have been confirmed in clinical medical research, such as the discovery of... (Review)
Review
Proteomics has become one of the hot topics in modern life sciences. Its application prospects have been confirmed in clinical medical research, such as the discovery of new disease biomarkers, identification of disease-related proteins, and development of new drug targets. However, in the field of forensic science, especially in forensic pathology, it is still in the stage of exploration. This paper reviews the research techniques and the use of proteomics in forensic pathology in domestic and foreign scholars, in order to provide new ideas for the research and application of forensic pathology.
Topics: Autopsy; Forensic Pathology; Forensic Sciences; Humans; Postmortem Changes; Proteomics
PubMed: 30896125
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.01.015 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Apr 2019Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), which is caused by detachment of venous thrombosis, is a common cause of sudden death in forensic practice. In the cases which die... (Review)
Review
Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), which is caused by detachment of venous thrombosis, is a common cause of sudden death in forensic practice. In the cases which die of PTE after trauma or die of PTE during non-thrombosis disease hospitalization, forensic pathologists are required to analyze the time sequence between trauma or medical practice and venous thrombosis, and then analyze their causal relationship. This review summarizes the history of thrombus age estimation and recent advances in forensic medicine, and then gives a brief outlook for future research to provide reference for forensic identification of PTE and guide follow-up studies.
Topics: Age Determination by Skeleton; Death, Sudden; Forensic Medicine; Forensic Pathology; Humans; Pulmonary Embolism; Venous Thrombosis
PubMed: 31135111
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.02.008 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Dec 2019This paper reviews relevant literatures at home and abroad. The cases of child sexual abuse are systematically discussed from the aspects of epidemiology and forensic... (Review)
Review
This paper reviews relevant literatures at home and abroad. The cases of child sexual abuse are systematically discussed from the aspects of epidemiology and forensic examination, in order to develop and improve the inspection and appraisal thinking and ability of domestic forensic workers in such cases. The paper also briefly introduces the current situation and existing problems of dealing with child sexual abuse cases for case-handling units at base level in China, in order to provide help to the formulation, improvement and development of relevant standards and norms for child protection in China.
Topics: Child; Child Abuse, Sexual; Child Protective Services; China; Forensic Medicine; Humans; Physical Examination
PubMed: 31970963
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.06.016 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Jun 2022In recent years, the increase in the number of cases of postural asphyxia has gradually attracted the attention and discussion of forensic scientists domestically and... (Review)
Review
In recent years, the increase in the number of cases of postural asphyxia has gradually attracted the attention and discussion of forensic scientists domestically and internationally, but a systematic, comprehensive and recognized expert consensus and identification standard has not been established at home and abroad. This paper reviews the case characteristics, occurrence, mechanism of death, and identification criteria of postural asphyxia, to provide reference for future research.
Topics: Asphyxia; Forensic Medicine; Forensic Pathology; Humans
PubMed: 36221835
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.400813 -
Science & Justice : Journal of the... Jul 2023Forensic investigations require a vast variety of knowledge and expertise of each specialist involved. With the increase in digitization and advanced technical... (Review)
Review
Forensic investigations require a vast variety of knowledge and expertise of each specialist involved. With the increase in digitization and advanced technical possibilities, the traditional use of a computer with a screen for visualization and a mouse and keyboard for interactions has limitations, especially when visualizing the content in relation to the real world. Augmented reality (AR) can be used in such instances to support investigators in various tasks at the scene as well as later in the investigation process. In this article, we present current applications of AR in forensics and forensic medicine, the technological basics of AR, and the advantages that AR brings for forensic investigations. Furthermore, we will have a brief look at other fields of application and at future developments of AR in forensics.
Topics: Augmented Reality; Forensic Medicine; Computers; Technology
PubMed: 37453776
DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2023.04.009 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Apr 2023With the advance of molecular biology, DNA analysis technology has been widely applied in forensic science. Non-human DNA analysis can be used in some special cases and... (Review)
Review
With the advance of molecular biology, DNA analysis technology has been widely applied in forensic science. Non-human DNA analysis can be used in some special cases and has unique forensic value to provide investigation clues and trial basis. Animal DNA typing plays a more prominent role in the detection of all kinds of non-human DNA related cases and is the main content of forensic non-human DNA analysis. This paper reviews the development history, present situation, advantages and disadvantages of animal DNA typing according to its technology, characteristic, challenges facing forensic science application scenarios, and also its future development.
Topics: Animals; DNA Fingerprinting; Forensic Medicine; DNA; Forensic Sciences; Molecular Biology; Forensic Genetics
PubMed: 37277379
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2021.511210 -
Medical Principles and Practice :... 2019Unlike DNA fingerprinting, which scores for differences in the genome that are phenotype neutral, epigenetic variations are gaining importance in forensic... (Review)
Review
Unlike DNA fingerprinting, which scores for differences in the genome that are phenotype neutral, epigenetic variations are gaining importance in forensic investigations. Methylation of DNA has a broad range of effects on the lifestyle, health status, and physical appearance of individuals. DNA methylation profiling of forensic samples is useful in determination of the cell or tissue type of the DNA source and also for estimation of age. The quality and quantity of the biosample available from the crime scene limits the possible number of DNA methylation tests and the selection of the technology that can be used. Several techniques have been used for DNA methylation analysis for epigenetic investigations of forensic biological samples. However, novel techniques are needed for multiplex analysis of epigenetic markers as the techniques that are currently available require a large amount of high-quality DNA and are also limited in their multiplexing capacities that are often insufficient to fully resolve a forensic query of interest.
Topics: DNA Fingerprinting; Epigenomics; Forensic Genetics; Humans
PubMed: 30893697
DOI: 10.1159/000499496 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Aug 2022In recent years, human beings are constantly facing the threat of emerging infectious diseases. Forensic technology plays a unique role in responding to the emergencies...
In recent years, human beings are constantly facing the threat of emerging infectious diseases. Forensic technology plays a unique role in responding to the emergencies and new epidemics. In epidemic prevention and control, forensic partitioners can provide important clues for the identification of vector animal species and the traceability of pathogen regions based on non-human DNA testing technology. In epidemic-related judicial practice, forensic partitioners bear more and more evidence responsibilities in dealing with biosafety laws-related issues, such as improper handling of epidemics and vaccine safety issues, which require forensic evidence. In terms of pathogen tracing, forensic physical evidence examinations identify species and individuals through biological materials extracted from the scene of death and autopsy of infectious diseases, are expected to provide informative clues for epidemiological investigations and point out the direction for pathogen tracing. In addition, forensic pathological examination can provide an important pathophysiological basis for determining the cause of death and the mechanism of death through autopsy, also offer necessary scientific evidence for clarifying the epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic and predicting the development trend of the epidemic.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Emergencies; Forensic Medicine; Autopsy; Physical Examination; DNA
PubMed: 36426697
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2021.410716