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Veterinary Journal (London, England :... 2022Many domesticated horses have gastric ulcers which can be diagnosed and graded during gastroscopy. A distinction should be made between equine squamous gastric disease... (Review)
Review
Many domesticated horses have gastric ulcers which can be diagnosed and graded during gastroscopy. A distinction should be made between equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD), which is caused by exposure of the mucosa to acid, and equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD), thought to occur when mucosal defence mechanisms are compromised. Horses with gastric ulcers may, but do not always, show clinical signs such as poor appetite, mild colic, discomfort during girthing, behavioural changes and reduced performance. The mainstay of treatment is blocking acid production using the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole. Treatment is usually successful in cases of ESGD, but less so for EGGD, where treatment duration is longer and for which sucralfate may be added or alternatives necessary, such as misoprostol, a prostaglandin analogue. To prevent recurrence of ulcers known risk factors, such as high concentrate diets, intense exercise and stress should be avoided or minimized.
Topics: Animals; Gastric Mucosa; Gastroscopy; Horse Diseases; Horses; Omeprazole; Stomach Ulcer
PubMed: 35472513
DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105830 -
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Oct 2021: To investigate the protective effect of (FD) against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and its mechanism. : Human gastric epithelial GES-1 cells were divided into normal...
: To investigate the protective effect of (FD) against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and its mechanism. : Human gastric epithelial GES-1 cells were divided into normal control group, model control group, FD 95% alcohol extract group, FD 50% alcohol extract group and FD decoction extract group. Gastric ulcer was induced by treatment with 1% ethanol in GES-1 cells. The cell proliferation was detected with MTT method in each group. Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, ranitidine group and low-dose, medium-dose, high-dose FD 95% alcohol extract groups (150, 300, 600 mg/kg). The corresponding drugs were administrated by gavage for The gastric ulcer model was induced by intragastric administration of anhydrous ethanol. The gastric ulcer area and ulcer inhibition rate of rats were measured in each group; the degree of gastricmucosal damage was observed by scanning electron microscopy; the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β in serum and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) in gastric tissues were detected by ELISA method. : 95% alcohol extract of FD had the strongest protective effect on proliferation of GES-1 cells. In animal experiments, compared with the normal control group, a large area of ulcers appeared on the gastric mucosa in the model control group, while the ulcer areas of the FD groups and ranitidine group were significantly smaller than that of the model control group (all <0.05). Compared with the model control group, FD groups and ranitidine group significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in serum and the MDA content in the gastric tissues, and increased the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH in gastric tissues (all <0.05). : The 95% alcohol extract of FD can reduce the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in serum and the content of MDA in gastric tissues, and increase the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH in gastric tissues to achieve the protective effect against gastric ulcer.
Topics: Animals; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Malondialdehyde; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach Ulcer; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 34986535
DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2021-0055 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology May 2014Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection underlies gastric ulcer disease, gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer disease. The disease expression reflects the pattern and... (Review)
Review
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection underlies gastric ulcer disease, gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer disease. The disease expression reflects the pattern and extent of gastritis/gastric atrophy (i.e., duodenal ulcer with non-atrophic and gastric ulcer and gastric cancer with atrophic gastritis). Gastric and duodenal ulcers and gastric cancer have been known for thousands of years. Ulcers are generally non-fatal and until the 20th century were difficult to diagnose. However, the presence and pattern of gastritis in past civilizations can be deduced based on the diseases present. It has been suggested that gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer both arose or became more frequent in Europe in the 19th century. Here, we show that gastric cancer and gastric ulcer were present throughout the 17th to 19th centuries consistent with atrophic gastritis being the predominant pattern, as it proved to be when it could be examined directly in the late 19th century. The environment before the 20th century favored acquisition of H. pylori infection and atrophic gastritis (e.g., poor sanitation and standards of living, seasonal diets poor in fresh fruits and vegetables, especially in winter, vitamin deficiencies, and frequent febrile infections in childhood). The latter part of the 19th century saw improvements in standards of living, sanitation, and diets with a corresponding decrease in rate of development of atrophic gastritis allowing duodenal ulcers to become more prominent. In the early 20th century physician's believed they could diagnose ulcers clinically and that the diagnosis required hospitalization for "surgical disease" or for "Sippy" diets. We show that while H. pylori remained common and virulent in Europe and the United States, environmental changes resulted in changes of the pattern of gastritis producing a change in the manifestations of H. pylori infections and subsequently to a rapid decline in transmission and a rapid decline in all H. pylori-related diseases.
Topics: Animals; Duodenal Ulcer; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; History, 17th Century; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; History, Ancient; Humans; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Stomach; Stomach Neoplasms; Stomach Ulcer; Time Factors
PubMed: 24833849
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5191 -
Cells Aug 2021In this article we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms of gastric ulcer healing. A gastric ulcer (GU) is a deep defect in the gastric wall penetrating through... (Review)
Review
In this article we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms of gastric ulcer healing. A gastric ulcer (GU) is a deep defect in the gastric wall penetrating through the entire mucosa and the muscularis mucosae. GU healing is a regeneration process that encompasses cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, migration, re-epithelialization, formation of granulation tissue, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, interactions between various cells and the matrix, and tissue remodeling, all resulting in scar formation. All these events are controlled by cytokines and growth factors (e.g., EGF, TGFα, IGF-1, HGF, bFGF, TGFβ, NGF, VEGF, angiopoietins) and transcription factors activated by tissue injury. These growth factors bind to their receptors and trigger cell proliferation, migration, and survival pathways through Ras, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, PLC-γ, and Rho/Rac/actin signaling. The triggers for the activation of these growth factors are tissue injury and hypoxia. EGF, its receptor, IGF-1, HGF, and COX-2 are important for epithelial cell proliferation, migration, re-epithelialization, and gastric gland reconstruction. VEGF, angiopoietins, bFGF, and NGF are crucial for blood vessel regeneration in GU scars. The serum response factor (SRF) is essential for VEGF-induced angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and blood vessel and muscle restoration. Local therapy with cDNA of human recombinant VEGF165 in combination with angiopoietin1, or with the NGF protein, dramatically accelerates GU healing and improves the quality of mucosal restoration within ulcer scars. The future directions for accelerating and improving healing include local gene and protein therapies with growth factors, their combinations, and the use of stem cells and tissue engineering.
Topics: Animals; Cytokines; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Nerve Growth Factor; Signal Transduction; Stomach Ulcer; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 34440733
DOI: 10.3390/cells10081964 -
Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2022To improve the safety and reliability of gastric ulcer treatment, the emergence of digestive endoscopy technology in recent years has become a conventional method for...
OBJECTIVE
To improve the safety and reliability of gastric ulcer treatment, the emergence of digestive endoscopy technology in recent years has become a conventional method for the diagnosis of peptic ulcer bleeding. Endoscopic characteristics can judge the severity of patients more accurately and comprehensively, provide a basis for follow-up treatment, and judge the prognosis.
METHODS
298 patients with a suspected gastric ulcer who underwent laryngeal gastroduodenal endoscopy and confirmed gastroduodenal ulcer in our hospital in recent half a year were randomly selected. Olympus cv-170 electronic gastroscope machine was used to carry out gastroscopy for patients with gastric ulcers, analyze, and judge the number of bleeding cases in different stages of treatment, such as lesion type, lesion location, patient age, and gender. The statistics of bleeding cycle and bleeding volume, prognosis recovery, and the correlation of different risk levels were analyzed.
RESULTS
After examination and diagnosis, the patients were followed up for one year. According to the number of bleeding cases, bleeding cycle, and bleeding volume of patients with different ulcer locations in the acute stage, healing stage, and scar stage, the distribution of bleeding cases of different ulcer locations in different stages was roughly the same, and there was no significant difference. The proportion of bleeding cases in the acute stage was the highest, while the proportion in the healing stage was the lowest. The number of bleeding cases, bleeding cycle, bleeding volume, and related symptoms in patients with gastric ulcers during the treatment were significantly correlated with those in the acute stage, healing stage, and scar stage. There was no significant difference in the distribution of bleeding in one year among different stages of ulcer in the same age group, however, the bleeding in one year would be more serious with the increase of age in different age groups. Gender differences have a great impact on the bleeding of the ulcer within one year. It usually shows that the bleeding of ulcers in males is more serious than that in females.
CONCLUSION
The location and pathological development of gastric ulcers can be found in time through gastroscopy, and the status of gastroscopy can be analyzed. Most gastric ulcers are acute bleeding. The amount of bleeding has little correlation with the stage of gastric ulcer, and it is related to the location of bleeding. The older the age, the greater the amount of bleeding, and the amount of bleeding in men is greater than that in women. In the treatment of gastric ulcers, gastroscopy, as a doctor's examination and treatment method, effectively improves the safety and reliability of clinical treatment of gastric ulcer bleeding and reduces the adverse risk.
Topics: Cicatrix; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Gastroscopy; Humans; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Stomach Ulcer; Ulcer
PubMed: 35251562
DOI: 10.1155/2022/2169551 -
British Medical Journal Aug 1968
Topics: Age Factors; Chronic Disease; Female; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrins; Gastritis; Gastroscopy; Glycyrrhiza; Humans; Male; Plants, Medicinal; Regeneration; Stomach Ulcer; Terpenes
PubMed: 5667321
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.3.5615.415 -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... Apr 2022A 54-year-old male with previous history of chronic hepatitis C complained of postprandial epigastric discomfort and weight loss. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a...
A 54-year-old male with previous history of chronic hepatitis C complained of postprandial epigastric discomfort and weight loss. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a large gastric ulcer on the lesser antral curvature, with biopsies showing granulation tissue and inflammatory activity without other significant changes. Despite therapy with double-dose proton pump inhibitor, the ulcer had not healed or diminished in size at reevaluation endoscopy eight weeks later. Biopsies were repeated and again only revealed granulation tissue and inflammation. The patient undergone partial gastrectomy where fibrotic adhesions to liver and peritoneum were noted. Remarkably, macroscopical analysis of the surgical specimen revealed an hepatic fragment adherent to the ulcer and histopathological examination was consistent with liver penetration. Liver penetration is a rare but important complication that must be considered in the differential diagnosis of medically refractory gastric ulcers, even in the absence of hepatic tissue in endoscopic biopsies.
Topics: Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Gastrectomy; Humans; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Stomach Ulcer
PubMed: 35000403
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8528/2021 -
Medicine Oct 2021Gastric ulcer (GU) is a clinically common disease of the digestive system that adversely affects patients' quality of life and work ability. Although some articles have...
BACKGROUND
Gastric ulcer (GU) is a clinically common disease of the digestive system that adversely affects patients' quality of life and work ability. Although some articles have reported that acupuncture can improve the clinical symptoms of GU, the efficacy of acupuncture has not been scientifically or methodically evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of patients with gastric ulcers.
METHODS
The following electronic databases will be searched from the respective dates of database inception to March 23, 2021: The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang database, the Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and other sources. Randomized controlled trials comparing acupuncture with other interventions or sham acupuncture were included. Two independent researchers will perform article retrieval, duplication removal, screening, quality evaluation, and data analyses by Review Manager (V.5.3.5). Meta-analyzes, subgroup analysis, and/or descriptive analyses will be performed based on the included data conditions.
RESULTS
The protocol of this study systematically assessed the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for gastric ulcer patients. The primary outcome was the effective rate, and the secondary outcomes included negative conversing rate of Helicobacter pylori infection, untoward effect, recurrence rate, quality of life, and symptom scores.
CONCLUSION
This study provides evidence of whether acupuncture is an effective and safe intervention for gastric ulcers.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42021251067.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Research Design; Stomach Ulcer; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Systematic Review as Topic
PubMed: 34713858
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027656 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Dec 2014Gastric ulcer is a common disorder of the digestive system. Current therapeutic regimens largely rely on Western medicine. However, numerous studies have demonstrated... (Review)
Review
Gastric ulcer is a common disorder of the digestive system. Current therapeutic regimens largely rely on Western medicine. However, numerous studies have demonstrated that herbal medicines can effectively treat gastric ulcer in humans and various animal models via divergent mechanisms. This review updates the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines in treating gastric ulcer, and the mechanisms of their action in humans and animal models. Studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of herbal medicines is comparable or superior to that of drugs such as omeprazole or cimetidine in humans and animal models, and herbal medicines display fewer adverse effects. The mechanisms by which herbal medicines benefit gastric ulcer include stimulation of mucous cell proliferation, anti-oxidation, and inhibition of gastric acid secretion and H(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity. Some herbal medicines also exhibit antimicrobial properties. Utilization of herbal medicines could be a valuable alternative to treat gastric ulcer in humans effectively, with few adverse effects.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Antioxidants; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Humans; Phytotherapy; Plant Preparations; Plants, Medicinal; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Stomach Ulcer; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing
PubMed: 25493014
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.17020 -
Nutrients Sep 2021Gastric ulcer disease induced by the consumption of NSAIDs is a major public health problem. The therapy used for its treatment causes adverse effects in the patient....
Gastric ulcer disease induced by the consumption of NSAIDs is a major public health problem. The therapy used for its treatment causes adverse effects in the patient. Propolis is a natural product that has been used for the treatments of different diseases around the world. Nevertheless, there is little information about the activity of propolis in gastric ulcers caused by treatment with NSAIDs. Therefore, this review evaluates and compares the gastroprotective potential of propolis and its function against NSAID-induced gastric ulcers, for which a systematic search was carried out in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. The main criteria were articles that report the gastroprotective activity of propolis against the damage produced by NSAIDs in the gastric mucosa. Gastroprotection was related to the antioxidant, antisecretory, and cytoprotective effects, as well as the phenolic compounds present in the chemical composition of propolis. However, most of the studies used different doses of NSAIDs and propolis and evaluated different parameters. Propolis has proven to be a good alternative for the treatment of gastric ulcer disease. However, future studies should be carried out to identify the compounds responsible for these effects and to determine their potential use in people.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Antioxidants; Apitherapy; Gastric Mucosa; Humans; Propolis; Stomach Ulcer; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34579045
DOI: 10.3390/nu13093169