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BMC Infectious Diseases Oct 2018Gemella bergeri is one of the nine species of the genus Gemella and is relatively difficult to identify. We herein describe the first case of septic shock due to a...
BACKGROUND
Gemella bergeri is one of the nine species of the genus Gemella and is relatively difficult to identify. We herein describe the first case of septic shock due to a Gemella bergeri coinfection with Eikenella corrodens.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 44-year-old Asian man with a medical history of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease who was prescribed corticosteroids (prednisolone) presented to our hospital with dyspnea. On arrival, he was in shock, and a purpuric eruption was noted on both legs. Contrast enhanced computed tomography showed fluid retention at the right maxillary sinus, left lung ground glass opacity, and bilateral lung irregular opacities without cavitation. Owing to suspected septic shock, fluid resuscitation and a high dose of vasopressors were started. In addition, meropenem, clindamycin, and vancomycin were administered. Repeat computed tomography confirmed left internal jugular and vertebral vein thrombosis. Following this, the patient was diagnosed with Lemierre's syndrome. Furthermore, he went into shock again on day 6 of hospitalization. Additional soft tissue infections were suspected; therefore, bilateral below the knee amputations were performed for source control. Cultures of the exudates from skin lesions and histopathological samples did not identify any pathogens, and histopathological findings showed arterial thrombosis; therefore it was concluded that the second time shock was associated with purpura fulminans. Following this, his general status improved. He was transferred to another hospital for rehabilitation. The blood culture isolates were identified as Gemella bergeri and Eikenella corrodens. Gemella bergeri was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing later. The primary focus of the infection was thought to be in the right maxillary sinus, because the resolution of the fluid retention was confirmed by repeat computed tomography.
CONCLUSIONS
Gemella bergeri can be the causative pathogen of septic shock. If this pathogen cannot be identified manually or through commercial phenotypic methods, 16S rRNA gene sequencing should be considered.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Eikenella corrodens; Gemella; Humans; Jugular Veins; Lemierre Syndrome; Male; Phylogeny; Purpura Fulminans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Shock, Septic; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Venous Thrombosis
PubMed: 30340466
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3437-6 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023is a catalase-negative, facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive coccus that is commensal in humans but can become opportunistic and cause severe infectious diseases, such...
is a catalase-negative, facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive coccus that is commensal in humans but can become opportunistic and cause severe infectious diseases, such as infective endocarditis. Few studies have tested the antimicrobial susceptibility of . We tested its antimicrobial susceptibility to 27 drugs and defined the resistant genes using PCR in 58 strains, including 52 clinical isolates and six type strains. The type strains and clinical isolates included 22 , 18 (GH) group (genetically indistinguishable from and ), 13 , three , and two . No strain was resistant to beta-lactams and vancomycin. In total, 6/22 (27.3%) strains were erythromycin- and clindamycin-resistant -positive, whereas 4/18 (22.2%) in the GH group, 7/13 (53.8%) , and 1/3 (33.3%) of the strains were erythromycin-non-susceptible - or -positive and clindamycin-susceptible. The MIC of minocycline and the ratios of -positive strains varied across the different species-: 2 µg/mL and 27.3% (6/22); GH group: 8 µg/mL and 27.8% (5/18); : 8 µg/mL and 46.2% (6/13), respectively. Levofloxacin resistance was significantly higher in (9/13 69.2%) than in (2/22 9.1%). Levofloxacin resistance was associated with a substitution at serine 83 for leucine, phenylalanine, or tyrosine in GyrA. The mechanisms of resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin differed across species. In addition, the rate of susceptibility to levofloxacin differed across sp., and the quinolone resistance mechanism was caused by mutations in GyrA alone.
PubMed: 37887239
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101538 -
Archives of Microbiology Nov 2021Thanks to its ability to isolate previously uncultured bacterial species, culturomics has dynamized the study of the human microbiota. A new bacterial species, Gemella...
Thanks to its ability to isolate previously uncultured bacterial species, culturomics has dynamized the study of the human microbiota. A new bacterial species, Gemella massiliensis Marseille-P3249, was isolated from a sputum sample of a healthy French man. Strain Marseille-P3249 is a facultative anaerobe, catalase-negative, Gram positive, coccus, and unable to sporulate. The major fatty acids were C (34%), C (28%), C (15%) and C (13%). Its 16S rRNA sequence exhibits a 98.3% sequence similarity with Gemella bergeri strain 617-93, its phylogenetically closest species with standing in nomenclature. Its digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and OrthoANI values with G. bergeri of only 59.7 ± 5.6% and 94.8%, respectively. These values are lower than the thresholds for species delineation (> 70% and > 95%, respectively). This strain grows optimally at 37 °C and its genome is 1.80 Mbp long with a 30.5 mol% G + C content. Based on these results, we propose the creation of the new species Gemella massilienis sp. nov., strain Marseille-P3249 (= CSUR P3249 = DSMZ 103940).
Topics: Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Gemella; Humans; Male; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sputum
PubMed: 34420080
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02493-2 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jan 2023, a member of the genus , is a facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci. is a component of normal oral flora; however, it can become pathogenic and cause infections...
, a member of the genus , is a facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci. is a component of normal oral flora; however, it can become pathogenic and cause infections in patients with poor oral hygiene. A 78-year-old man was admitted to a hospital with a complaint of increasing posterior neck pain and lower back pain for 2 weeks. MRI was suggestive of infectious spondylitis at the C3-C4 level with prevertebral abscess formation, anterior epidural abscess formation. We identified in closed pus obtained during the surgery. Herein, we describe the first case of infective spondylitis caused by .
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Gemella; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Abscess; Gram-Positive Cocci; Spondylitis
PubMed: 36676769
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010145 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) May 2021Most cases of mediastinal abscess occur as a postoperative complication of a thoracic surgical procedure or following trauma. The most common causative microorganism is...
Most cases of mediastinal abscess occur as a postoperative complication of a thoracic surgical procedure or following trauma. The most common causative microorganism is Staphylococcus aureus, but it can be rarely caused by unusual microorganisms, such as Gemella species. These are relatively difficult-to-identify commensal microorganisms of the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts and may cause several infections. A 66-year-old man was diagnosed with Gemella bergeri mediastinal abscess by the molecular detection of bacterial genes. He was successfully treated with penicillin antibiotic for eight weeks. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of mediastinal abscess caused by G. bergeri.
Topics: Abscess; Aged; Gemella; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Mediastinal Diseases
PubMed: 33390483
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.5043-20 -
Case Reports in Medicine 2015Gemella bergeri is a Gram-positive cocci species arranged in pairs and composes the normal flora of oral cavity, digestive and urinary tract. Several species of Gemella...
Gemella bergeri is a Gram-positive cocci species arranged in pairs and composes the normal flora of oral cavity, digestive and urinary tract. Several species of Gemella are known to cause endocarditis. Here, we report the first case in Thailand of G. bergeri endocarditis whose blood culture was negative using routine methods but was positive by PCR identification of bacteria in the affected valve. A 37-year-old male presented with prolonged fever, weight loss, and dyspnea on exertion. By transthoracic echocardiography, he was suspected of having infective endocarditis of the tricuspid valve. The patient underwent tricuspid valve repair and vegetectomy. Routine hospital blood cultures were negative but G. bergeri was identified by PCR/sequencing of the heart valve tissue.
PubMed: 26294915
DOI: 10.1155/2015/704785 -
The Brazilian Journal of Infectious... 2014
Topics: Endocarditis, Bacterial; Gemella; Humans; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 24907471
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2014.05.002