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IDCases 2022We herein present the case presenting to our facility complaining of a fever of two months duration, who underwent dental procedure. Patient was diagnosed with infective...
We herein present the case presenting to our facility complaining of a fever of two months duration, who underwent dental procedure. Patient was diagnosed with infective endocarditis secondary to an uncommon bacteria: . Patient was found to have concomitant severe mitral valve regurgitation. Our patient did not have any comorbidity or risk factor beside his dental procedure. Our patient received intravenous antibiotic therapy for six weeks and was scheduled for mitral valve replacement.
PubMed: 36032179
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01597 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2022Descriptions of the small intestinal microbiota are deficient and conflicting. We aimed to get a reliable description of the jejunal bacterial microbiota by...
Descriptions of the small intestinal microbiota are deficient and conflicting. We aimed to get a reliable description of the jejunal bacterial microbiota by investigating samples from two separate jejunal segments collected from the luminal mucosa during surgery. Sixty patients with morbid obesity selected for elective gastric bypass surgery were included in this survey. Samples collected by rubbing a swab against the mucosa of proximal and mid jejunal segments were characterized both quantitatively and qualitatively using a combination of microbial culture, a universal quantitative PCR and 16S deep sequencing. Within the inherent limitations of partial 16S sequencing, bacteria were assigned to the species level. By microbial culture, 53 patients (88.3%) had an estimated bacterial density of < 1600 cfu/ml in both segments whereof 31 (51.7%) were culture negative in both segments corresponding to a bacterial density below 160 cfu/ml. By quantitative PCR, 46 patients (76.7%) had less than 10 bacterial genomes/ml in both segments. The most abundant and frequently identified species by 16S deep sequencing were associated with the oral cavity, most often from the Streptococcus mitis group, the Streptococcus sanguinis group, Granulicatella adiacens/para-adiacens, the Schaalia odontolytica complex and Gemella haemolysans/taiwanensis. In general, few bacterial species were identified per sample and there was a low consistency both between the two investigated segments in each patient and between patients. The jejunal mucosa of fasting obese patients contains relatively few microorganisms and a core microbiota could not be established. The identified microbes are likely representatives of a transient microbiota and there is a high degree of overlap between the most frequently identified species in the jejunum and the recently described ileum core microbiota.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bacteria; DNA, Bacterial; Female; Gastric Bypass; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity, Morbid; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Ribotyping; Young Adult
PubMed: 35102222
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05723-9 -
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 2022We present a rare case of automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) lead infection. Gemella species are catalase-negative, facultative anaerobic,...
We present a rare case of automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) lead infection. Gemella species are catalase-negative, facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci which are found in normal human oral flora. Gemella are often incorrectly identified on routine Gram stain and culture, requiring advanced techniques such as PCR. Gemella has been shown to be a rare cause infective endocarditis in case reports; however, there has not been a report of an isolated AICD lead infection. AICD infections with gram positive organisms other than Staphylococcus species has been associated with more aggressive infections and higher mortality. Standard treatment for Gemella consists of β-lactam inhibitors and aminoglycosides. In this case, we present an alternative antibiotic treatment with vancomycin and ceftriaxone. A case series for endocarditis, without lead infection, reported the use of vancomycin and ceftriaxone with good results. This approach is similar to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia salvage therapy. In addition, this case highlights the importance of culture and sensitivity in the selection of antibiotics, particularly avoiding nephrotoxic drugs when possible.
PubMed: 35585852
DOI: 10.1177/2050313X221099367 -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2021Systematic review of infection associated with ophthalmology, and to summarize the clinical characteristics of keratitis after refractive surgery.
PURPOSE
Systematic review of infection associated with ophthalmology, and to summarize the clinical characteristics of keratitis after refractive surgery.
METHODS
Case report and literature review.
RESULTS
We report an 18-year-old man who developed corneal infection after Trans-PRK, and the culture results of lesion specimens confirmed keratitis. He was treated with fortified topical antibiotics, and clinical improvement was noted shortly after treatment. Resolution of keratitis was achieved at 1 month. Then, a systematic review of the reported cases of ocular infection was conducted. We summarized clinical manifestations of infection in cornea.
CONCLUSION
We reported a case of keratitis infection after refractive surgery, and reviewed the literature of ocular infection.
PubMed: 34908851
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S339018 -
Cureus Apr 2022is a rare cause of native valve infective endocarditis in hospitals and the community. Endocarditis from this species has mostly been reported in patients with...
is a rare cause of native valve infective endocarditis in hospitals and the community. Endocarditis from this species has mostly been reported in patients with congenital or valvular heart disease, recent dental procedures, or underlying gastrointestinal malignancy. We present a case of a 63-year-old male with a history of myelodysplastic syndrome and recent transformation into acute myeloid leukemia with pancytopenia hospitalized to receive induction therapy. While receiving chemotherapy, he developed febrile neutropenia and was found to have bacteremia and evidence of infective endocarditis caused by G.. We emphasize the importance of suspicion of in immune-compromised patients, as well as outlining the guidelines on appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
PubMed: 35573495
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24076 -
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 2023is a gram-positive coccus, and commensal of the upper respiratory tract and oral mucosa. In rare cases, it has been identified as an opportunistic pathogen in the...
is a gram-positive coccus, and commensal of the upper respiratory tract and oral mucosa. In rare cases, it has been identified as an opportunistic pathogen in the development of endocarditis. Here, we describe a case of endocarditis in a patient with bicuspid aortic valve. A 14-year-old male presented to our hospital with a 1-month history of intermittent fever. was isolated from the patient's blood cultures. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed severe aortic stenosis and a pseudoaneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa. The patient underwent aortic valve replacement with pseudoaneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa repair and remained symptom-free during follow-up. This case highlights the importance of considering atypical pathogens as causative agents of infective endocarditis.
PubMed: 37954543
DOI: 10.1177/2050313X231211707 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2021The oral microbiome plays an important role in the human microbial community and in maintaining the health of an individual. Imbalances in the oral microbiome may...
The oral microbiome plays an important role in the human microbial community and in maintaining the health of an individual. Imbalances in the oral microbiome may contribute to oral and systemic diseases. The progression of periodontal disease is closely related to the growth of bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, in the oral cavity. However, the pathogen growth mechanism specific to periodontal disease remains unknown. This study aimed to identify bacteria associated with periodontal health by focusing on hemolytic bacteria. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from ten periodontitis patients and five healthy subjects to detect and identify the presence of hemolytic bacteria. The saliva of healthy subjects contained a higher proportion of G. haemolysans than saliva samples from patients with periodontitis. Growth inhibition assays indicated that the protein components contained in the culture supernatant of G. haemolysans directly suppressed the growth of P. gingivalis. This study shows that the presence of G. haemolysans in saliva is associated with periodontal health and that it inhibits the growth of P. gingivalis in vitro.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibiosis; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Case-Control Studies; Female; Gemella; Hemolysis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Periodontal Diseases; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Saliva
PubMed: 34083694
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91267-3 -
Journal of General and Family Medicine Mar 2022We report a patient of an 82-year-old woman with occult bacteremia without a clear entry site. is part of the normal human flora but can cause severe systemic...
We report a patient of an 82-year-old woman with occult bacteremia without a clear entry site. is part of the normal human flora but can cause severe systemic infections such as infective endocarditis on rare occasions. In this patient, physical examination showed no localized symptoms, and a transthoracic echocardiogram showed no vegetation on the heart valves. The entry site for this pathogen was unclear. As the number of the elderly with asymptomatic infections has been increasing, clinicians should be aware of that this microorganism can cause occult bacteremia and infective endocarditis.
PubMed: 35261860
DOI: 10.1002/jgf2.497 -
Cureus Oct 2023Polymicrobial endocarditis is rare but is seen in those with risk factors like diabetes mellitus, structural heart disease, congenital heart defects, prosthetic devices,...
Polymicrobial endocarditis is rare but is seen in those with risk factors like diabetes mellitus, structural heart disease, congenital heart defects, prosthetic devices, and intravenous drug use. We report the case of a 30-year-old woman with a past medical history of chronic Hepatitis C and IV drug use who presented with a one-week history of generalized weakness, subjective fevers, lower extremity abscesses, and occasional chest pain. Blood cultures were positive for , , and . A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a very large tricuspid valve vegetation and severe tricuspid regurgitation. Her course was complicated by a complete heart block, septic pulmonary emboli, acute hypoxic respiratory failure, and cardiogenic shock meeting the criteria for early surgical intervention. She underwent an emergency tricuspid valve replacement and pacemaker implantation. During the operation, it became evident that her valve was destroyed with vegetation. A week after the operation, her ejection fraction had improved to 50% and she only exhibited mild tricuspid valve regurgitation. Six weeks later, she was in a stable condition and presented for follow-up. Surgery is necessitated in nearly 50% of endocarditis cases, 62% of cases with group, and approximately 56% of cases. To our knowledge, this is the only case of polymicrobial endocarditis caused by and
PubMed: 38021926
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47860 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jun 2019Infective endocarditis is a serious condition, which is associated with high mortality in elderly patients. () is a microorganism from the family, rarely involved in... (Review)
Review
Infective endocarditis is a serious condition, which is associated with high mortality in elderly patients. () is a microorganism from the family, rarely involved in infective endocarditis. Here, we present a case of endocarditis in an 86-year-old patient, successfully treated by antibiotics and surgery following a pre-treatment comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). This case is discussed in the context of a review of all published cases of endocarditis. We illustrate the benefit of a systematic pre-treatment comprehensive geriatric assessment in elderly patients with infective endocarditis.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Female; France; Gemella; Geriatric Assessment; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans
PubMed: 31226808
DOI: 10.3390/medicina55060292