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Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics &... Jan 2022Inguinal endometriosis is a very rare entity with uncertain pathophysiology, that poses several diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study aimed to summarize... (Review)
Review
Inguinal endometriosis is a very rare entity with uncertain pathophysiology, that poses several diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study aimed to summarize published literature on the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Thus, a systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and the Cochrane Library. An effort was made to numerically analyze all parameters included in case reports and retrospective analyses, as well. The typical and atypical features of this condition, investigations used, type of treatment and histopathology were recorded. More specifications about the surgical treatment, such as operations previously performed, type of surgery and treatment after surgery have been acknowledged. Other sites of endometriosis, the presence of pelvic endometriosis and the follow-up and recurrence have been also documented. Overall, the search yielded 61 eligible studies including 133 cases of inguinal endometriosis. The typical clinical presentation includes a unilateral inguinal mass, with or without catamenial pain. Transabdominal or transvaginal ultrasound was typically used as the first line method of diagnosis. Groin incision and exploratory surgery was the treatment indicated by the majority of the authors, while excision of part of the round ligament was reported in about half of the cases. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were initiated in cases of coexisting endometriosis-related neoplasia. Inguinal recurrence or malignant transformation was rarely reported. The treatment of inguinal endometriosis is surgical and a long-term follow-up is needed. More research is needed on the effectiveness of suppressive hormonal therapy, recurrence rate and its relationship with endometriosis-associated malignancies.
Topics: Endometriosis; Female; Groin; Humans; Inguinal Canal; Round Ligament of Uterus; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 35181041
DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2021.11.007 -
Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013) Sep 2020
Topics: Groin; Humans; Sports
PubMed: 32872692
DOI: No ID Found -
Sports Health 2017Injury data on hip and groin injuries vary, and these injuries are often misrepresented or overlooked for more commonly seen injuries, such as those to the foot and... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Injury data on hip and groin injuries vary, and these injuries are often misrepresented or overlooked for more commonly seen injuries, such as those to the foot and ankle.
OBJECTIVE
To provide a systematic review of the injury rates of hip and groin pathology in dancers and look to establish a better understanding of the occurrence of hip and groin injuries in the dancer population.
DATA SOURCES
A literature search was performed using PubMed and CINAHL databases for articles published between 2000 and 2016.
STUDY SELECTION
Inclusion criteria consisted of (1) documentation of the number of hip and/or groin injuries, (2) study population consisting of dancers whose training included some level of ballet, and (3) studies of levels 1 through 3 evidence.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 3.
DATA EXTRACTION
A single reviewer identified studies that met the inclusion criteria. The number of overall injuries, hip/groin injuries, study participants, injured participants, training hours per week, mean age of study group, injury definition, injury reporting method, and study time frame were extracted.
RESULTS
Thirteen unique studies were included in the descriptive analysis. Of the 2001 dancers included in this study, 3527 musculoskeletal injuries were seen in 1553 dancers. Of these, 345 injuries were localized to the hip and groin region (overall rate, 17.2%). An incidence rate of 0.09 hip and groin injuries per 1000 dance-hours was seen in the selected cohort studies. Of 462 professional dancers, 128 hip/groin injuries were recorded, for an injury rate of 27.7%. Of the 1539 student dancers, 217 hip/groin injuries were recorded, for an injury rate of 14.1% ( P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
Data on hip and groin injuries have many limitations. However, these injuries represent an important health issue for dancers of all skill levels, encompassing 17.2% of musculoskeletal injuries seen in dancers. An increasing rate of hip/groin injuries is seen in professional dancers compared with students.
Topics: Dancing; Groin; Hip Injuries; Humans; Incidence; Musculoskeletal System
PubMed: 28783444
DOI: 10.1177/1941738117724159 -
Sports Health 2017Evaluation of groin pain in athletes may be challenging as pain is typically poorly localized and the pubic symphyseal region comprises closely approximated tendons and... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Evaluation of groin pain in athletes may be challenging as pain is typically poorly localized and the pubic symphyseal region comprises closely approximated tendons and muscles. As such, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) may help determine the etiology of groin pain.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
A PubMed search was performed using the following search terms: ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, sports hernia, athletic pubalgia, and groin pain. Date restrictions were not placed on the literature search.
STUDY DESIGN
Clinical review.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 4.
RESULTS
MRI is sensitive in diagnosing pathology in groin pain. Not only can MRI be used to image rectus abdominis/adductor longus aponeurosis and pubic bone pathology, but it can also evaluate other pathology within the hip and pelvis. MRI is especially helpful when groin pain is poorly localized. Real-time capability makes ultrasound useful in evaluating the pubic symphyseal region, as it can be used for evaluation and treatment.
CONCLUSION
MRI and US are valuable in diagnosing pathology in athletes with groin pain, with the added utility of treatment using US-guided intervention. Strength-of Recommendation Taxonomy: C.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Groin; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pain; Pubic Symphysis; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 28850315
DOI: 10.1177/1941738117694841 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jul 2019Groin hernia is a common condition in children. However, in Denmark, no national guideline for treatment exists, and the evidence is sparse regarding optimal timing and... (Review)
Review
Groin hernia is a common condition in children. However, in Denmark, no national guideline for treatment exists, and the evidence is sparse regarding optimal timing and preferred surgical technique. Almost all Danish children are treated with open surgery, even though the complication rate is similar for laparoscopy. Correct timing of repair of an asymptomatic reducible groin hernia is controversial, and the benefits of waiting versus the risk of incarceration should be considered. In this review, we summarise the evidence and give our proposal for a treatment flow chart.
Topics: Child; Denmark; Groin; Hernia, Inguinal; Herniorrhaphy; Humans; Laparoscopy
PubMed: 31315791
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicine Dec 2023Using the skin of the lateral malleolus region for reconstruction of smaller areas of the palm may yield better outcomes than using the skin of the groin region....
Using the skin of the lateral malleolus region for reconstruction of smaller areas of the palm may yield better outcomes than using the skin of the groin region. However, no previous study has provided long-term data comparing the groin and lateral malleolus regions as donor sites for full-thickness skin grafts (FTSGs) in palmar reconstruction. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the groin and lateral malleolus regions as donor sites for FTSGs in palmar reconstruction over a long-term follow-up period. The patients were classified into groin and lateral malleolus region groups (n = 15 each). Measurements were obtained at the graft site, the contralateral site corresponding to the graft site, and the donor site. A chromameter was used to measure skin color, and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was used to evaluate the scar at the skin graft site. Compared to the groin region group, the lateral malleolus region group showed skin colors that were closer to the original color of the palm in terms of lightness and red/green values. Additionally, the lateral malleolus region group received better esthetic ratings in the POSAS. Our results revealed that using the lateral malleolus region for FTSGs in palmar reconstruction resulted in better outcomes than using the groin region, even over a long period.
Topics: Humans; Skin Transplantation; Groin; Cicatrix; Skin; Hand
PubMed: 38115368
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036487 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Mar 2022The main symptom of a groin hernia is a bulge in the groin. The clinical examination is often sufficient for the diagnosis. Imaging is only necessary when the diagnosis... (Review)
Review
The main symptom of a groin hernia is a bulge in the groin. The clinical examination is often sufficient for the diagnosis. Imaging is only necessary when the diagnosis is uncertain, where ultrasound is the first choice, but one must also consider differential diagnoses in these cases. Children, women, and men with symptoms should be referred for elective surgery while watchful waiting can be used in asymptomatic men. However, if a hernia is incarcerated and the clinical examination suggests possible strangulation, the patient should immediately be referred to a hospital, as argued in this review.
Topics: Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Elective Surgical Procedures; Female; Groin; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Male; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 35315763
DOI: No ID Found -
Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy 2021Hip and groin pain or symptoms is a recurrent musculoskeletal complaint among young and active individuals. It is important to objectively measure functional limitations...
BACKGROUND
Hip and groin pain or symptoms is a recurrent musculoskeletal complaint among young and active individuals. It is important to objectively measure functional limitations using patient-related outcomes that have been validated in the language of the target population.
OBJECTIVES
To perform a cross-cultural adaptation and to evaluate the measurement properties of the Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) for the Brazilian population.
METHODS
We adapted the HAGOS to Brazilian Portuguese and evaluated the following measurement properties: internal consistency, test-retest reliability, measurement error, and structural and construct validity. The sample recruited consisted of active individuals between 18 and 55 years of age with long standing hip and groin pain and individuals who participated in sports with high physical demand of the hip and groin region.
RESULTS
A total of 103 athletes and physically active individuals of both sexes participated in this study. The HAGOS was successfully translated and culturally adapted to the Brazilian population. Factor analysis confirmed that the HAGOS consists of six subscales. The HAGOS-Br showed good internal consistency. The CFA revealed a Cronbach's alpha for the HAGOS subscales ranging from 0.86 to 0.96, test-retest reliability was substantial, with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.81 to 0.94 for the six subscales and an acceptable measurement error (standard error of measurement [SEM]=5.43-11.15 points; and smallest detectable chance [SDC]= 16.71-30.9 points). Good construct validity existed with more than 75% of the pre-defined hypotheses being confirmed. No ceiling or floor effects were observed.
CONCLUSION
The HAGOS-Br showed to be equivalent to the original version with adequate validity and reliability properties.
Topics: Brazil; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Female; Groin; Hip; Humans; Male; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34802916
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2021.10.004 -
Canadian Association of Radiologists... May 2012Hip and groin pain is a common condition in professional athletes and may result from an acute injury or from chronic, repetitive trauma. It is responsible for... (Review)
Review
Hip and groin pain is a common condition in professional athletes and may result from an acute injury or from chronic, repetitive trauma. It is responsible for significant morbidity, which leads to time away from training and competition, and may result in a career-ending injury. The anatomic and biomechanical causes for hip and groin injuries are among the most complex and controversial in the musculoskeletal system. This makes clinical differentiation and subsequent management difficult because of the considerable overlap of symptoms and signs. This review article will evaluate several pathologic conditions of the hip and groin in athletes, divided into acute (secondary to single event) and chronic (secondary to altered biomechanical load or repetitive microtrauma) injuries, with an emphasis on imaging in the diagnosis of these injuries. Appropriate use of imaging along with clinical findings can allow accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate management of these patients to ultimately allow return to athletic activity.
Topics: Athletes; Athletic Injuries; Biomechanical Phenomena; Contrast Media; Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Diagnostic Imaging; Groin; Hip Injuries; Humans; Pain Measurement; Sports Medicine
PubMed: 21820270
DOI: 10.1016/j.carj.2010.11.001 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Dec 2021
Topics: Administration, Topical; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Axilla; Diagnosis, Differential; Erythrasma; Erythromycin; Groin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 34903597
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.210310-f