Review

Authors: Yuichi Matsuo, Yasutoshi Kido, Yoshio Yamaoka...

colonizes the human stomach and induces inflammation, and in some cases persistent infection can result in gastric cancer. Attachment to the gastric mucosa is the first step in establishing bacterial colonization, and outer membrane proteins (OMPs) play a pivotal role in binding to human cells. Some OMP interaction molecules are known in , and their associated host cell responses have been gradually clarified. Many studies have demonstrated that OMPs are essential to CagA translocation into gastric cells via the Type IV secretion system of . This review summarizes the mechanisms through which utilizes OMPs to colonize the human stomach and how OMPs cooperate with the Type IV secretion system.

Topics: Animals; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Virulence Factors

PubMed: 28287480
DOI: 10.3390/toxins9030101

Review

Authors: Haiying Gu

This review aimed to investigate the role of Helicobacter pylori flagella on the pathogenicity of this bacterium in humans. Helicobacter pylori is a flagellated pathogen that colonizes the human gastroduodenal mucosa and produces inflammation, and is responsible for gastrointestinal disease. Its pathogenesis is attributed to colonization and virulence factors. The primary function of H. pylori flagella is to provide motility. We believe that H. pylori flagella play an important role in the colonization of the gastrointestinal mucosa. Therefore, we reviewed previous studies on flagellar morphology and motility in order to explore the relationship between H. pylori flagella and pathogenicity. Further investigation is required to confirm the association between flagella and pathogenicity in H. pylori.

Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Flagella; Gastric Mucosa; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans

PubMed: 28444418
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1256-4

Authors: Hashem B El-Serag, David Y Graham

Topics: Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; United States

PubMed: 30454939
DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.08.035

Authors: Hashem B El-Serag, David Y Graham

Topics: Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; United States

PubMed: 30454938
DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.08.031

Authors: Gangjian Wang, Haojie Wang, Xin Ji...

The role of the intratumoral microbiome in gastric cancer (GC) has not been comprehensively assessed. Here, we explored the relationship between the microbial community and GC prognosis and therapy efficacy. Several cancer-associated microbial characteristics were identified, including increased α-diversity, differential β-diversity, and decreased abundance. After adjusting for clinical features, prognostic analysis revealed 2 phyla, 14 genera, and 5 species associated with the overall survival of patients with GC. Additionally, 2 phyla, 14 genera, and 6 species were associated with adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) efficacy in patients with stage II - III GC. Furthermore, we classified GC microbiome structures into three microbial subtypes (MS1, MS2 and MS3) with distinguishing features. The MS1 subtype exhibited high immune activity and enrichment of microbiota related to immunotherapy and butyric acid-producing, as well as potential benefits in immunotherapy. MS2 featured the highest α-diversity and activation of the TFF pathway, MS3 was characterized by epithelial-mesenchymal transition and was associated with poor prognosis and reduced ACT efficacy. Collectively, the results of this study provide valuable insights into the microbial characteristics associated with GC prognosis and therapy efficacy.

Topics: Stomach Neoplasms; Humans; Prognosis; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Bacteria; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Aged; Helicobacter pylori; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Treatment Outcome

PubMed: 38944840
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2369336

Authors: Andre Rodrigues Durães

Topics: Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Hypertension

PubMed: 34709290
DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210629

Authors: Jacquelyn R Roberts, Sirena C Tran, Arwen E Frick-Cheng...

The Cag type IV secretion system (Cag T4SS) has an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. The Cag T4SS outer membrane core complex (OMCC) is organized into three regions: a 14-fold symmetric outer membrane cap (OMC) composed of CagY, CagX, CagT, CagM, and Cag3; a 17-fold symmetric periplasmic ring (PR) composed of CagY and CagX; and a stalk with unknown composition. We investigated how CagT, CagM, and a conserved antenna projection (AP) region of CagY contribute to the structural organization of the OMCC. Single-particle cryo-EM analyses showed that complexes purified from Δ or Δ mutants no longer had organized OMCs, but the PRs remained structured. OMCCs purified from a CagY antenna projection mutant (CagYAP) were structurally similar to WT OMCCs, except for the absence of the α-helical antenna projection. These results indicate that CagY and CagX are sufficient for maintaining a stable PR, but the organization of the OMC requires CagY, CagX, CagM, and CagT. Our results highlight an unexpected structural independence of two major subdomains of the Cag T4SS OMCC.

Topics: Helicobacter pylori; Type IV Secretion Systems; Periplasm

PubMed: 38631913
DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302560

Review

Authors: P W O'Toole, M C Lane, S Porwollik...

Motility is essential for Helicobacter pylori colonization. This review discusses the biochemistry, genetics and genomics of the H. pylori flagellum, and compares these features with well-characterized bacteria.

Topics: Animals; Flagella; Genome, Bacterial; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Virulence

PubMed: 11008110
DOI: 10.1016/s1286-4579(00)01274-0

Review

Authors: Menghui Wang, Hui Fang, Chulin Zhou...

A bibliometric analysis and evaluation of research on non- species (NHPHs) is essential to determining future research directions. A comprehensive search was carried out using predetermined search terms within the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) to gather publications spanning from 1993 to 2023. VOSviewer and Citespace were employed for data analysis and visualization. 308 publications on NHPHs were included. Among these, gastric NHPHs received more publications and attention compared with enterohepatic NHPHs. Key findings included the identification of most productive countries, institutions, journals, authors, keywords, research trends and notable perspectives in the field. The article guides further research and clinical applications on NHPHs.

Topics: Humans; Bibliometrics; Helicobacter; Helicobacter Infections; Publications

PubMed: 38700283
DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2024-0034

Authors: Stella G Hoft, Richard J DiPaolo

Topics: Nuclear Proteins; Helicobacter pylori; Transcription Factors; Macrophages; Cell Line

PubMed: 38016647
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.11.008