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Case Reports in Women's Health Oct 2020Uterine lipomas are a rare benign gynaecological tumour of uncertain histogenesis. Clinically, a uterine lipoma may be mistaken for leiomyoma or a malignant tumour....
Uterine lipomas are a rare benign gynaecological tumour of uncertain histogenesis. Clinically, a uterine lipoma may be mistaken for leiomyoma or a malignant tumour. Radiological findings may be suggestive but can also often be inconclusive. However, it has a distinctive appearance on histopathological examination. We present a case of uterine lipoma in a 70-year-old woman, to increase awareness of this unusual entity.
PubMed: 32874929
DOI: 10.1016/j.crwh.2020.e00247 -
Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2018With the growing recognition of the extent and prevalence of human cerebellar disorders, an understanding of developmental programs that build the mature cerebellum is... (Review)
Review
With the growing recognition of the extent and prevalence of human cerebellar disorders, an understanding of developmental programs that build the mature cerebellum is necessary. In this chapter we present an overview of the basic epochs and key molecular regulators of the developmental programs of cerebellar development. These include early patterning of the cerebellar territory, the genesis of cerebellar cells from multiple spatially distinct germinal zones, and the extensive migration and coordinated cellular rearrangements that result in the formation of the exquisitely foliated and laminated mature cerebellum. This knowledge base is founded on extensive analysis of animal models, particularly mice, due in large part to the ease of genetic manipulation of this important model organism. Since cerebellar structure and function are largely conserved across species, mouse cerebellar development is highly relevant to humans and has led to important insights into the developmental pathogenesis of human cerebellar disorders. Human fetal cerebellar development remains largely undescribed; however, several human-specific developmental features are known which are relevant to human disease and underline the importance of ongoing human fetal research.
Topics: Animals; Cerebellum; Embryology; Humans; Neurons
PubMed: 29903446
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63956-1.00002-3 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Apr 2016Atypical fibroxanthoma is a malignant skin tumor with histologic features similar to those of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, but lacking its more aggressive... (Review)
Review
Atypical fibroxanthoma is a malignant skin tumor with histologic features similar to those of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, but lacking its more aggressive behavior. The tumor is composed of pleomorphic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant cytoplasm, commonly arranged in a spindle cell pattern. Recent genetic studies have identified similarities between atypical fibroxanthoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, such as the presence of 9p and 13q deletions in both tumors, favoring a common histogenesis. However, the lack of K-ras and H-ras mutations in atypical fibroxanthoma compared with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma could explain the difference in aggressiveness and continued separation of these entities. Exclusion of other neoplasms by histology and immunohistochemistry followed by complete surgical removal remains the standard of care.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Prognosis; Sarcoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 27028396
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2014-0495-RS -
Pathologica Mar 2020Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is a diagnostic entity characterized by architecturally or cytologically malignant-appearing prostatic glandular epithelium... (Review)
Review
Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is a diagnostic entity characterized by architecturally or cytologically malignant-appearing prostatic glandular epithelium confined to prostatic ducts. Despite its apparent nature, this lesion is associated with aggressive prostatic adenocarcinoma and is a predictor for poor prognosis when identified on biopsy or radical prostatectomy. This review discusses diagnosis, clinical features, histogenesis, and management of IDC-P, as well as current research and controversies surrounding this entity.
Topics: Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 32202536
DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-5-20 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Jul 1968A case of pulmonary blastoma is described in a man dying at the age of 50 from hepatic and cerebral metastases. Eleven previously reported cases are reviewed and the...
A case of pulmonary blastoma is described in a man dying at the age of 50 from hepatic and cerebral metastases. Eleven previously reported cases are reviewed and the histogenesis is discussed. It is concluded that these rare tumours are a distinct form of pulmonary carcinosarcoma in which the epithelial element is an adenocarcinoma. It is this that gives it its characteristic and probably coincidental histological resemblance to foetal lung and the evidence for a blastomatous origin is regarded as insufficient.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Brain Neoplasms; Carcinosarcoma; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis
PubMed: 5697348
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.21.4.480 -
Nature Communications Aug 2022Germ cell tumours (GCTs) are a collection of benign and malignant neoplasms derived from primordial germ cells. They are uniquely able to recapitulate embryonic and...
Germ cell tumours (GCTs) are a collection of benign and malignant neoplasms derived from primordial germ cells. They are uniquely able to recapitulate embryonic and extraembryonic tissues, which carries prognostic and therapeutic significance. The developmental pathways underpinning GCT initiation and histogenesis are incompletely understood. Here, we study the relationship of histogenesis and clonal diversification in GCTs by analysing the genomes and transcriptomes of 547 microdissected histological units. We find no correlation between genomic and histological heterogeneity. However, we identify unifying features including the retention of fetal developmental transcripts across tissues, expression changes on chromosome 12p, and a conserved somatic evolutionary sequence of whole genome duplication followed by clonal diversification. While this pattern is preserved across all GCTs, the developmental timing of the duplication varies between prepubertal and postpubertal cases. In addition, tumours of younger children exhibit distinct substitution signatures which may lend themselves as potential biomarkers for risk stratification. Our findings portray the extensive diversification of GCT tissues and genetic subclones as randomly distributed, while identifying overarching transcriptional and genomic features.
Topics: Child; Genomics; Humans; Male; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Testicular Neoplasms; Transcriptome
PubMed: 35953478
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31375-4 -
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic... Feb 2015Rushton bodies are peculiar, eosinophilic, linear, curved or straight, polycyclic, glassy structures occurring with variable frequency in the epithelial lining of... (Review)
Review
Rushton bodies are peculiar, eosinophilic, linear, curved or straight, polycyclic, glassy structures occurring with variable frequency in the epithelial lining of odontogenic cysts, whose presence occasionally contributes to the diagnosis. Presence of these structures depends upon the sectioning plane of specimen. They are easily identifiable by their peculiar morphological and staining patterns. There is considerably ambiguity about the nature and epithelial, vascular, odontogenic or keratinous origin of these hyaline bodies. This article highlights the occurrence, light and electron microscopic features and histogenesis of Rushton bodies.
PubMed: 25859536
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/10990.5533 -
Dermatology Online Journal Dec 2012We report a 52-year-old man with a one-year history of multiple, firm, skin-colored nodules on the vertex of the scalp. Histopathologic examination was consistent with a...
We report a 52-year-old man with a one-year history of multiple, firm, skin-colored nodules on the vertex of the scalp. Histopathologic examination was consistent with a spiradenoma, which is a rare, benign adnexal tumor of controversial histogenesis. Multiple spiradenomas may arise in association with Brooke-Spiegler syndrome, which is an autosomal dominant condition of multiple cyclindromas, trichoeptheliomas, and cyclindromas.
Topics: Adenoma, Sweat Gland; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Scalp; Sweat Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 23286805
DOI: No ID Found