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International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2021Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people present poorer mental and physical health results compared to the heterosexual and cisgender population. There are...
BACKGROUND
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people present poorer mental and physical health results compared to the heterosexual and cisgender population. There are barriers in the healthcare system that increase these health inequities.
OBJECTIVE
To synthesise the available evidence on how nurses can intervene in reducing health inequities in LGBT people, identifying their specific health needs and describing their experiences and perceptions of the barriers they face in the healthcare system.
METHODS
Systematic review. Between March and April 2021, a bibliographic search was carried out in the Cuiden, LILACS, PubMed, Dialnet, SciELO, Trip Database, and Web of Science databases and metasearch engines.
INCLUSION CRITERIA
Articles published in the last 5 years that address the specific health needs of LGBT people, their experiences and perceptions, or interventions in this group in which nurses may engage.
RESULTS
A total of 16 articles were selected. Health disparities were detected in the LGBT community, which exhibited higher rates of mental health problems, substance abuse, risky sexual behaviours, self-harm, and suicide. These inequalities were related to minority stress, and each of them differently impacted individual populations within the broader LGBT community depending on their sexual orientations and gender identities. The impact of these factors was, in turn, modified by the intersections of race/ethnicity, geographic region, and socioeconomic factors. LGBT people described discriminatory experiences by health professionals, as well as their distrust and fear in this setting. Nurses can carry out interventions such as inclusive education about sex and sexual and gender diversity and bullying and suicide prevention programmes, and can provide gender-affirming and family-centred care.
CONCLUSIONS
LGBT people experience health inequities and discrimination in the healthcare system. Nurses can implement diverse interventions to reduce these problems and, moreover, these health professionals are obliged to acquire cultural competence regarding LGBT health.
Topics: Bisexuality; Female; Health Inequities; Homosexuality, Female; Humans; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Transgender Persons
PubMed: 34831556
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211801 -
Ciencia & Saude Coletiva Apr 2019HIV infection, acquired with the conscious participation of the recipient, is a complex problem of international concern, especially among men who have sex with men.... (Review)
Review
HIV infection, acquired with the conscious participation of the recipient, is a complex problem of international concern, especially among men who have sex with men. Behaviors emerge such as bareback (intentionally unprotected anal sex between men) and bugchasing (bareback sex when one participant is HIV+ and the other is not). A group of emerging risk behaviors for HIV infection was characterized. A review of the literature in the MEDLINE, Web of Science and regional SciELO databases was performed. HIV-related search terms such as unprotected sex, barebacking/bareback and bug chasing, were used. Bareback and bug chaser behaviors occur, among other factors, through social homonegativity, ART positive coverage, insufficient prevention campaigns, search for new sensations and attempts to strengthen the relationship with the HIV+ member. Unprotected sex is primarily associated with having HIV/AIDS diagnoses, physical violence due to sexual orientation, viewing homosexual sex sites, and having bought or sold sex. It is necessary to work with individual behaviors that draw individuals close to infection.
Topics: HIV Infections; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Male; Risk-Taking; Sexual Behavior; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Unsafe Sex
PubMed: 31066843
DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018244.02322017 -
Archives of Sexual Behavior Nov 2021The study's purpose was to describe a population of individuals who experienced gender dysphoria, chose to undergo medical and/or surgical transition and then...
The study's purpose was to describe a population of individuals who experienced gender dysphoria, chose to undergo medical and/or surgical transition and then detransitioned by discontinuing medications, having surgery to reverse the effects of transition, or both. Recruitment information with a link to an anonymous survey was shared on social media, professional listservs, and via snowball sampling. Sixty-nine percent of the 100 participants were natal female and 31.0% were natal male. Reasons for detransitioning were varied and included: experiencing discrimination (23.0%); becoming more comfortable identifying as their natal sex (60.0%); having concerns about potential medical complications from transitioning (49.0%); and coming to the view that their gender dysphoria was caused by something specific such as trauma, abuse, or a mental health condition (38.0%). Homophobia or difficulty accepting themselves as lesbian, gay, or bisexual was expressed by 23.0% as a reason for transition and subsequent detransition. The majority (55.0%) felt that they did not receive an adequate evaluation from a doctor or mental health professional before starting transition and only 24.0% of respondents informed their clinicians that they had detransitioned. There are many different reasons and experiences leading to detransition. More research is needed to understand this population, determine the prevalence of detransition as an outcome of transition, meet the medical and psychological needs of this population, and better inform the process of evaluation and counseling prior to transition.
Topics: Bisexuality; Female; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Homosexuality, Female; Humans; Male; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Surveys and Questionnaires; Transgender Persons
PubMed: 34665380
DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02163-w -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Feb 2023
Topics: Male; Humans; Homosexuality, Male; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 36781192
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.220757-f -
Clinics in Dermatology 2022There has been an alarming rise in human monkeypox cases during these past few months in countries where the disease is not endemic. The recent COVID-19 pandemic and the...
There has been an alarming rise in human monkeypox cases during these past few months in countries where the disease is not endemic. The recent COVID-19 pandemic and the connection of the monkeypox virus with the smallpox-causing variola virus makes it highly likely to be a candidate for another human health emergency. The transmission mode is predominantly via sexual contact, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM); anogenital lesions are the most typical presentation. Although it is a disease with a self-limiting course, some patients require admission for severe anorectal pain, pharyngitis, eye lesions, kidney injury, myocarditis, or soft tissue superinfections. Antiviral therapy has been advocated, of which tecovirimat is promising in patients with comorbidities. Vaccines will be the mainstay for the present and future control of the disease.
Topics: Male; Humans; Homosexuality, Male; Pandemics; COVID-19; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Benzamides
PubMed: 35963500
DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.08.009 -
AMA Journal of Ethics Jan 2021Critical lessons can be gleaned by examining 2 of the most salient relationships between racism and medicine during the Holocaust: (1) connections between racism and...
Critical lessons can be gleaned by examining 2 of the most salient relationships between racism and medicine during the Holocaust: (1) connections between racism and dehumanization that have immediate, lethal, deleterious, longer-term consequences and (2) intersections of racism and other forms of hatred and bigotry, including discrimination against people with disabilities; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer people; and social and religious minorities. When considered in the US context, these lessons amplify need for reflection about the history of eugenics and human experimentation and about the persistence of racism and ableism in health care.
Topics: Dehumanization; Female; Gender Identity; Homosexuality, Female; Humans; Sexual Behavior; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 33554851
DOI: 10.1001/amajethics.2021.64 -
Journal of General Internal Medicine Nov 2017
Topics: Education, Medical; Female; Homosexuality, Female; Humans; Schools, Medical; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Students, Medical
PubMed: 28875254
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-017-4165-0 -
Ciencia & Saude Coletiva Oct 2022The aim of this study was to validate gay and lesbian health agendas pushed by organizations representing these groups. To this end, we created a health agenda matrix...
The aim of this study was to validate gay and lesbian health agendas pushed by organizations representing these groups. To this end, we created a health agenda matrix based on 25 narratives of representatives from 16 different gay and lesbian groups in ten state capitals in Brazil collected in another study. Each agenda was considered to have reached consensus when the mean score was equal to or greater than seven and SD was equal to or less than two. The validated agendas addressed the following themes: physical and psychological violence; the care needs of lesbians related to uterine and breast cancer; mental health; training of health care professionals; AIDS prevention and care; assisted reproduction for lesbians; the urological and proctological care needs of gays; development of informative material on general health; and information and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. It is concluded that gay and lesbian movements are potentially important actors in the public health arena, not only proposing important issues that need to be considered in public policies and actions to improve health care for LGBT people, but also mediating between health professionals and homosexuals seeking health services.
Topics: Brazil; Delivery of Health Care; Female; Health Personnel; Homosexuality, Female; Humans; Male; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 36134787
DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320222710.23792021 -
Ciencia & Saude Coletiva 2021This study explores access to health services for lesbians in the light of current literature. A literature search was conducted using various databases and an... (Review)
Review
This study explores access to health services for lesbians in the light of current literature. A literature search was conducted using various databases and an interpretive synthesis of the findings of the selected articles was produced anchored in the concepts of habitus and symbolic violence developed by Pierre Bourdieu. Two main themes and their respective units of meaning were identified: (a) barriers and difficulties experienced by lesbians in accessing healthcare (issues related to coming out as a lesbian and difficulties experienced by health services and professionals in dealing with lesbian women); and (b) lesbian women's experiences in health services (unequal care, invisibility, and feeling uncomfortable). We conclude that, despite advances in policy and care protocols, sexual and gender diversity needs to be widely discussed in social, educational, and health settings.
Topics: Female; Health Services; Health Services Accessibility; Health Services Needs and Demand; Homosexuality, Female; Humans; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 34787224
DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320212611.3.34542019 -
Adicciones Apr 2018It was with great interest that we read the article published by Dolengevich-Segal (Dolengevich-Segal et al., 2017), which provides an interesting review of the emerging...
It was with great interest that we read the article published by Dolengevich-Segal (Dolengevich-Segal et al., 2017), which provides an interesting review of the emerging phenomenon known as chemsex and the different drugs used in this type of practice.We would like to highlight the importance and usefulness of this paper, given the progressive increase in the prevalence of drug use in the context of sexual activity among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Western Europe (Fernández-Dávila et al,. 2016). This situation raises the need to launch epidemiological studies to assess the phenomenon - not only, however, from the point of view of mental health, but also from the field of infectious diseases and toxicology. We must not forget that this type of practice involves an increase in the risk of infection by sexually transmitted diseases and the problems that drug use can cause from the toxicological point of view. Both are causes of emergency room (ER) consultation, and more training in how to tackle the problems arising from chemsex should be provided.
Topics: Europe; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Male; Risk-Taking; Sexual Behavior; Sexual Partners; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Unsafe Sex
PubMed: 29353303
DOI: 10.20882/adicciones.1062